2022高考英语唐山市路南区阅读短文复习单词暑假练习(3)及答案.docx

阅读理解。
Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.
Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.
This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.
Harry Morrison, chief executive（主管）of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”
Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions（排放）. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.
The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted（授予the standard, they can use a logo（标识）in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.
( ) 1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.
B. Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.
C. Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.
D. Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers’ environmental awareness.
( ) 2. The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.
A. affect B. change C. disturb D. reject
( ) 3. According to Harry Morrison, businesses .
A. will benefit from cutting carbon emissions
B. should buy carbon allowances for shoppers
C. are required to make up for their carbon emissions
D. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere
( ) 4. We can learn from the passage that businesses will .
A. have a strong desire to reduce costs
B. use the same logo in their marketing
C. gain advantages by taking early action
D. attract more shoppers by storing goods
【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。现在顾客购物已经开头考虑环保的问题。面临顾客环保的心理需求，企业只有主动实行措施削减排放，才会更好地赢得顾客的信任，进而获得更好的收益
1、答案 D。
【解析】主旨大意题。依据第一段最终一句“However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns”及最终一段第一句可知，企业因购买者的环保意识而去减排。故选D项。
2、答案 A。
【解析】词义猜想题。由本段中“while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy”可知，现在三分之二的顾客在购物时对环境的考虑比一年前程度加深了。因此A项符合句子意思
3、答案 A。
解析】推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand”可以推断出：商业会受益于减排。因此A项符合文章。
4、答案 C。
【解析】推理推断题。依据第五段最终一句“This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers”可知，早实行行动减排的企业可以更好地吸引顾客。因此可以推断出C项。

完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[夹叙夹议型完形填空]
I used to believe in the American Dream，which meant a job，a mortgage(按揭)，credit cards, and success.I wanted it and worked towards it like everyone else, all of us __1__ chasing the same thing.
One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell __2__．I found myself homeless and alone.I had my truck and $56. I __3__ the countryside for some place I could rent for the __4__ possible amount.I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road over the Potomac River in West Virginia.It was __5__， full of broken glass and rubbish.I found the owner, rented it，and cleared a corner to camp in.
The locals knew nothing about me，but slowly, they started teaching me the __6__ of being a neighbour.They dropped off blankets，candles，and tools，and began __7__ around to chat. They started to teach me a belief in a __8__ American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of neighbourliness.
What I had believed in, all those things I thought were __9__ for a civilized life, were non­existent in this place.Up on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my __10__ with my neighbours.
Four years later, I moved back into __11__．I saw many people were having a really hard time, __12__ their jobs and houses.I managed to rent a big enough house to __13__ a handful of people. There are four of us now in the house，but over time I've had nine people come in and move on to other places.We'd all be in __14__ if we hadn't banded together.
The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one.It's not so much about what I can get for myself；it's about __15__ we can all get by together.
1．A.separately B．equally
C．violently D．naturally
2．A.off B．apart
C．over D．out
3．A.crossed B．left
C．toured D．searched
4．A.fullest B．largest
C．fairest D．cheapest
5．A.occupied B．abandoned
C．emptied D．robbed
6．A.benefit B．lesson
C．nature D．art
7．A.sticking B．looking
C．swinging D．turning

8．A.wild B．real
C．different D．remote
9．A.unique B．expensive
C．rare D．necessary
10．A.cooperation B．relationships
C．satisfaction D．appointments
11．A.reality B．society
C．town D．life
12．A.creating B．losing
C．quitting D．offering
13．A.put in B．turn in
C．take in D．get in
14．A.yards B．shelters
C．camps D．cottages
15．A.when B．what
C．whether D．how
C
【要点综述】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。本文主题是关于美国梦的，叙述作者在患病一系列不幸后，在乡村的经受使其对美国梦有了深刻的生疏。
1．A　考查副词辨析。依据本句中the same thing的提示可知，作者和其他人都在各自(separately)追赶同一个幻想。
2．B　考查副词辨析。依据前半部分“经受了不快活的大事”以及后面一句话“‘我’发觉自己无家可归、独身一人”可知，此处指作者的生活变得一团糟。fall apart意为“裂开，土崩瓦解”。故选B项。
3．D　考查动词辨析。依据本句可知，作者在乡下查找能租住的地方。search意为“查找”，符合语境。
4．D　考查形容词最高级辨析。依据前一句“I had my truck and $56.”以及后面一句中“I came upon a shabby house…”可知，作者身上没有多少钱，所以要租最廉价的房子。故选D项。
5．B　考查动词辨析。依据house的修饰词shabby和full of broken glass and rubbish可知，这幢房子没人居住，是被遗弃的。故选B项。
6．D　考查名词辨析。依据第三段最终一句可知，他们认为邻里间应友好相处，由此说明他们教作者的是邻里间相处的艺术(art)。
7．A　考查动词辨析。依据本句中chat可知，他们送来毛毯、蜡烛、工具之后连续留下来谈天。stick around意为“逗留，在原地”，符合语境。
8．C　考查形容词辨析。依据第一段可知，作者理解的美国梦就是取得个人成就，而这里他们认为的幻想是邻里之间友好相处，因此是不同的。故选C项。
9．D　考查形容词辨析。依据第一段可知，作者之前认为的那些东西如工作、按揭、信贷、成功，是在文明生活中必需具备的，而在这个地方则完全不存在。与non­existent相对的是necessary。
10．B　考查名词辨析。依据第三段最终一句中“…but of neighbourliness.”的提示可知，在这座山上，作者最有价值的财宝便是与邻居间的关系。relationship关系。
11．C　考查名词辨析。依据其次段可知，作者在乡下居住；依据本句中的moved back可知，现在是回到城里。故选C项。
12．B　考查动词辨析。依据本句前半句的提示可知，很多人过着困难的生活，说明他们失去了工作和家园。故选B项。
13．C　考查动词短语辨析。依据下文可知，作者租住的房子最初有4个人，后来又多达9个人，因此，作者租了一间足够大的房子，是为了收留更多的人。take in意为“收留”，符合语境。
14．B　考查名词辨析。假如不联合起来，作者和其他人就都会在收容所中。shelter收容所，庇护所。
15．D　考查连接词辨析。现在作者所信仰的“美国梦”是同舟共济，不是能为自己获得什么，而是如何通过共同努力让全部人都有收获。此处表示方式，所以用how。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2021·辽宁，A)
China is a land of bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country. Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle. Millions of them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I've found the opposite is true. There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get around. For many, it's the easiest and cheapest way to travel today. Bicycles also come in different colors—silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.
It's fun watching people biking. They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks(人行道). Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can't provide.
Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle. Great weather accompanied my great buy. I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.
My first ride home was orderly(守秩序的). To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times. I didn't want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully.
Crossing the streets was the biggest problem. It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.
I finally made it home. The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.
文章大意：中国是个自行车大国，由于骑自行车便利省钱。作者为了体验中国文化的这一面，亲自骑自行车，结果感觉格外好。
1．According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today?
A．Because they are traditional and safe.
B．Because they are convenient and inexpensive.
C．Because they are colorful and available.
D．Because they are fast and environment friendly.
答案：B　推理推断题。从第一段中的For many, it's the easiest and cheapest way to travel today.可知答案。
2．The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended ________.
A．to ride it for fun
B．to use it for transport
C．to experience local culture
D．to improve his riding skills
答案：C　细节理解题。从第三段的Eager to be part of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle.可知答案。
3．How did the author feel about his street crossing?
A．It was boring. B．It was difficult.
C．It was lively. D．It was wonderful.
答案：B　推理推断题。从文章倒数其次段中的Crossing the streets was the biggest problem.可知答案。
4．Which of the following best describes the author's biking experience?
A．The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.
B．The author was annoyed by the air while riding.
C．The author was praised by the other bikers.
D．The author took great pleasure in biking.
答案：D　推理推断题。从文章的最终一段的I was sitting on top of world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.可知答案。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2021·辽宁，B)
Going green seems to be a fad(时尚) for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we can't really say, but for the two of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.
On April 22, 2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.
With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started. My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment. We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.
Over the course of Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles. We now shop at organic(有机的) stores. We consume less meat, choosing green food. We have greatly reduced our buying we don't need. We have given away half of what we owned through websites. Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners. We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of homemade fresh bread. In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.
Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year. We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others. We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet.
文章大意：作者夫妇俩把绿色环保的生活作为了一种生活方式。不但自己在生活中留意绿色生活，还训练别的人拥有这种有利于环境疼惜的生活方式。
5．What might be the best title for the passage?
A．Going Green
B．Protecting the Planet
C．Keeping OpenMinded
D．Celebrating Our Green Year
答案：A　主旨大意题。本文在第一段开篇点题。全文围绕绿色生活开放叙述。故A项为本题答案。
6．It was difficult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because ________.
A．they were expected to follow the green fad
B．they didn't know how to educate other people
C．they were unwilling to reduce their energy
D．they needed to perform unusual green tasks
答案：D　推理推断题。从文章的第三段和第四段可知，作者夫妇要进行绿色生活必需要做一些不寻常的事情。故D项为正确答案。
7．What did the couple do over the course of Our Green Year?
A．They tried to get out of their ungreen habits.
B．They ignored others' ungreen behavior.
C．They chose better chemical cleaners.
D．They sold their homemade food.
答案：A　细节理解题。从文章的第四段特殊是第四段的最终一句话In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.可知答案。
8．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The government will give support to the green project.
B．The couple may continue their project in the future.
C．Some people disagree with the couple's green ideas.
D．Our Green Year is becoming a national campaign.
答案：B　推理推断题。文章最终一段说的是作者一家对自己的绿色生活很满足，并且对于自己对环境的作用布满信念，故会连续自己的这种活动。