2021西安市高考英语【四月】阅读理解、完形填空选练(12)答案.docx

2021西安市高考英语【四月】阅读理解、完形填空选练（12）答案

阅读理解。
　　I received a call today asking if I would be willing to bring food to a family in need. The mother was having a major operation and would be lying down for several weeks. Of course, I responded with an immediate“Yes! ”. As I planned the meal in my head, I reflected on how many times over the years I had been asked to prepare food. I have done so countless times with a very open heart.
But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life. When my mother passed away, our house was filled with fresh dinners for weeks. A woman from the church of our community stepped by each evening with some food. The gift of food was her small way of trying to ease our pain.
Later in my life, when I was on bed rest during my pregnancy with twins, women of the church again stepped in to help. They arranged babysitting for my two-year-old daughter, and brought lovely dinners to our house. Even when I was put in the hospital, my husband would bring cooked meals to my hospital room. How we relied on these dinners to feed my tired husband and young daughter!
Food is all about comfort. It feeds our bodies, but it can also feed our souls. When you hear people talking about their favourite holidays, it usually includes their feelings connected with sharing food. I know that I will have many more opportunities in my lifetime to prepare food for others. It is truly a gift I want to prepare and deliver to someone in need
【文章大意】作者的母亲过世的时候, 社区教堂中的女人给她带过食物; 作者怀孕的时候, 社区教堂中的女人也同样给她带过食物, 并帮她照看她两岁的女儿。因此, 今日有人需要挂念的时候, 作者也格外情愿伸出援手。
1. The author has given lots of food to others because　　　.
A. she is poor at cooking
B. she is a church member
C. she is friendly to others
D. she has received others’ food
【解析】选D。细节理解题依据其次段“But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life. ”可知作者乐于赠送食物给别人是由于她自己也曾经受到别人的很多馈赠。
2. We can learn from the first paragraph that the author　　　.
A. had to stay in bed for several weeks
B. knew the family in need very well
C. was glad to be able to lend a hand
D. was tired of preparing food
【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据第一段“Of course, I responded with an immediate‘Yes! ’”可以推断作者格外兴奋能挂念别人。
3. Which of the following is TRUE about the author?
A. Her mother died when she was in hospital.
B. She didn’t get enough food during her pregnancy.
C. She received food as well as comfort in her hard times.
D. She thinks offering food is the best way to show love.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。依据其次、三段可知作者在她自己有困难的时候接受过他人的食物与照看。
4. According to the passage, which of the following conclusions can we get?
A. A good beginning makes a good ending.
B. One good turn deserves another.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. Every man has his faults.
【解析】选B。推理推断题。通过上下文可知, 作者在自己困难的时候接受过别人的挂念, 如今她也格外乐意挂念别人, 由此可得出这么一个结论: 善有善报。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
All Ric O Barry wants is to stop the dolphin-killing, so he is headed to this seaside Japanese town, Taiji．The American activist, who is the star of a new award-winning documentary that portrays the dolphin-killing here, got an unwelcome reception when he showed up here this week for the start of the annual hunt．
His movie, The Cove（海豚湾）, directed by National Geographic photographer Louie Psihoyos, was released in the United States a month ago but has not yet to come out in Japan．
Scenes in the film, some of which were shot secretly, show fishermen banging on metal poles stuck in the water to create a wall of sound that scares the dolphins—which have supersensitive sonar（声纳系统）—and sends them fleeing into a cove．
There, the fishermen sometimes pick a few to be sold for aquarium shows, for as much as $150,000．They kill the others, spearing（刺）the animals repeatedly until the water turns red．The meat from one dolphin is worth about 50,000 yen, and is sold at supermarkets across Japan．
Greenpeace and other groups have tried to stop the hunt for years．Activists hope The Cove will bring the issue to more people internationally—and eventually in Japan．
Already, the Australian town of Broome dropped its 28-year sister-city relationship with Taiji last month, partly because of the movie．
“Some regions have a tradition of eating dolphin meat,” said fisheries official Toshinori Uoya．“Dolphin-killing may be negative for our international image, but it is not something orders can stop．”
The town government in Taiji—which has made whales and dolphins its trademark—refused to comment about The Cove, or the growing international criticism against dolphin-killing．
Many in Taiji take the dolphin hunt for granted as part of everyday life．They are defensive about The Cove, seeing themselves as powerless victims of overseas pressure to end a simple and honest way of making a living．
1．Ric O Barry made The Cove because he wanted to     ．
A．stop the dolphin-killing
B．win an international award
C．support Green peace’s efforts
D．make Taiji well-known in the world
2．Viewers can learn from The Cove     ．
A．the advanced techniques to catch dolphins
B．the cruel and bloody dolphin-killing
C．the beautiful Japanese seaside town Taiji
D．the sale of dolphin meat around the world
3．What is the response to The Cove on the Japanese side？
A．Taiji broke up with its western sister-city Broome．
B．Japanese officials decided to ban dolphin-killing．
C．The town government in Taiji kept silent on criticism．
D．Most Japanese people were against eating dolphin meat．
4．What does the underlined word “defensive” probably mean?
A．Feeling guilty for killing dolphins．
B．Protecting themselves against criticism．
C．Attacking those against dolphin-killing．
D．Making the determination to change．
5．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Many people in Japan have seen The Cove in the cinema．
B．The Cove has not influenced Japan’s international image．
C．Taiji’s dolphin-killing industry has been seriously damaged．
D．The Cove has brought international attention to dolphin-killing．
【参考答案】1—5、A  B  C  B  D 

B
Nearly all of today’s Native Americans in North, Central and South America can trace their ancestry to just six women whose descendants（后裔）immigrated around 20,000 years ago, a DNA study suggests．
The finding does not mean that only these six women gave rise to migrants who crossed into North America from Asia in the earliest population of the continent．Rather, it suggests that only six left a particular DNA legacy that persists to today in about 95% of Native Americans, said study co-author Ugo Perego in Utah．
“The women did not necessarily arrive together, nor even all live at the same time,” he said．Results indicate the women arrived sometime between 18,000 and 21,000 years ago．
The work was published this week by the journal PLoS One．Perego is from the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation in Salt Lake City and the University of Pavia in Italy．The work confirms the previous indications of just six maternal（母系的）lineages, as well as a date of around 20,000 years ago when the first people in North America arrived after crossing a land bridge from Asia, Perego said．
The researchers studied mitochondrial （线粒体） DNA, which is passed only from mother to daughter．They created a “family tree” that traces the different DNA lineages found in today’s Native Americans．By noting mutations（突变）in each branch and applying a formula for how often such mutations arise, they calculated how old each branch was．That indicated when each branch arose in a single woman．
The six “founding mothers” obviously did not live in Asia because the DNA signatures they left behind are not found there, Perego said．So they probably lived in Beringia, the now-submerged land bridge that stretched to North America, he said．
6．What is the passage mainly about?
A．A study indicates that women arrived in America around 20,000 years ago．
B．A study indicates six women gave rise to migrants of America．
C．A DNA study tells about people who crossed into North America from Asia．
D．A study indicates Native Americans can trace their ancestry to just six women．
7．Which of the following is TRUE about the research?
A．It shows that DNA is passed from parents to daughters．
B．It concludes that the six women arrived individually but lived at the same time．
C．It is a joint one conducted by Salt Lake City and an Italian university．
D．It shows that only six women in 95% of present Native Americans have got a particular DNA legacy．
8．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “lineages”?
A．Classes．  B．Varieties．  C．Families．  D．Findings．
9．What didn’t Ugo Perego and his team do?
A．They used a “family tree” to analyze the findings．
B．They focused on life styles of the original women．
C．They clarified genetic changes in the family tree．
D．They studied how long each branch had developed．
10．What can we infer from the finding?
A．The six mothers probably lived on the present islands in North America．
B．Most Native Americans have got the DNA legacy passed from the six women．
C．Beringian DNA was found in the women who originally immigrated to North America．
D．The research was not accepted by the previous scientists because of its contradiction．
【参考答案】6—10、 D  C  C  B  B

完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Whenever a disaster takes place，thousands of people start to contact various organizations and post to online groups in an effort to try to volunteer at 1.________ disaster site.Some2.________ jump into their cars and drive to the area.
But 3.___ _____ most of these people don't realize is that spontaneous(自发的)volunteers 4.________ specific training can actually cause more problems rather than reduce them in a disaster situation.
In disaster situations，volunteers 5.________ be mentally and physically prepared to work 16 hours a day or more in highlystressed situations.6.________ may have to live in simple conditions，sleeping in a tent that they bring with them7.________ a gym with many people.And what happens if you get to the situation and discover you can't handle what is happening around you? Volunteers who show up untrained can get in the way rather 8.________ provide some help.So make sure you are trained if you want to be a volunteer.
(二)
1. the　考查冠词。此处特指“发生灾难的地方”，故填the。
2. even　考查副词。有些人甚至跳进车里就奔向(发生灾难的)现场。
3. what　考查名词性从句的引导词。该空引导主语从句且在从句中作realize的宾语，故填what。
4. without　考查介词。没有接受过专业训练的自发的志愿者实际上可能会导致更多的问题。
5. must　考查情态动词。在灾难现场，志愿者们必需做好思想上和身体上的预备，预备在高强度的压力下一天工作长达16个小时，甚至更久。
6. They　考查代词。该空作主语，指代volunteers，故填they，首字母要大写。
7．or　考查并列连词。此空连接两个并列的名词短语a tent和a gym，且表示选择关系，故填or。
8. than　考查介词。rather than而不是。