2021拉萨市高考英语阅读理解、书面表达自练(5)答案(三月).docx

2021拉萨市高考英语阅读理解、书面表达自练（5）答案（三月）

阅读理解。
【2021·江西省高三上学期七校联考】
A year ago August，Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan.His wife，Gerrie，was still working in the local school cafeteria，but work for Dave was scarce，and the price of everything was rising.The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years.Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift—$7,000，a legacy (遗产) from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch who died in an accident.“It really made a difference when we were going under financially，” says Dave.
But the Fusses weren’t the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive the unexpected legacy from the Hatches.Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches’ generosity.In some cases，it was a few thousand dollars；in others，it was more than $100,000.
It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money，more than $3 million—they were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm.
Children of the Great Depression，Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving.They liked comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store，checking prices before making a new purchase.
Through the years，the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldn’t afford it.“Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed anything，” says their friend Sandy Van Weelden.“They could see things they could do to make you happier，and they would do them.”
Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed.It was the Hatches’ wish that their legacy—a legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cents—should enrich the whole community and last for generations to come.
Neighbors helping neighbors—that was Ish and Arlene Hatch’s story.
1．According to the text，the Fusses________.
A．were employed by a truck company
B．were in financial difficulty
C．worked in a school cafeteria
D．lost their home
2．Which of the following is true of the Hatches?
A．They had their children during the Great Depression.
B．They left the family farm to live in an old house.
C．They gave away their possessions to their neighbors.
D．They helped their neighbors to find jobs.
3．Why would the Hatches routinely go from store to store?
A．They decided to open a store.
B．They wanted to save money.
C．They couldn’t afford expensive things.
D．They wanted to buy gifts for local kids.
4．According to Sandy Van Weelden，the Hatches were________.
A．understanding 　 B．optimistic
C．childlike　 D．curious
5．What can we learn from the text?
A．The community of Alto was poor.
B．The summer camp was attractive to the parents.
C．Sandy Van Weelden got a legacy from the Hatches.
D．The Hatches would like the neighbors to follow their example.

语篇解读　在Fuss一家陷入财政危机时，他们收到了邻居Hatch夫妇的遗产，从而渡过了难关。
1．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章第一段中的“The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years.”以及“It really made a difference when we were going under financially”可知，Fuss一家陷入了财政危机。
答案：　B
2．解析：　细节理解题。由文章其次段中的“Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches’ generosity.”可知，Hatch夫妇把他们的财产赠给了他们的邻居。
答案：　C
3．解析：　推理推断题。由文章第四段中的“They liked comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store，checking prices before making a new purchase.”可推知，他们想节省钱。
答案：　B
4．解析：　推理推断题。由倒数第三段中的Sandy Van Weelden所说的话可推知，Hatch夫妇善解人意。
答案：　A
5．解析：　推理推断题。由文章倒数其次段的其次句可推知，Hatch夫妇想让邻居们以他们为榜样，将这种善举连续下去。
答案：　D

阅读理解。
Whether it is “women and children first” or “every man for himself” in a shipwreck(船只失事) may depend on how long it takes the ship to sink, researchers said recently.
When the Lusitania was torpedoed（用鱼雷攻击） by a German ship in 1915, it sank in 18 minutes and the majority of the survivors were young men and women who responded immediately to their powerful survival instincts（本能）.
But when the Titanic struck an iceberg in 1912, it took “three hours to go down, allowing time for more civilize(文明的) behavior to take control—and the majority of the survivors were women, children and people with young children.
Economist Benno Torgler of the Queensland University of Technology in Australia and his colleagues studied the two sinkings in order to explore the economic theory that people generally behave in a “rational”(理性的) and selfish manner. The two tragedies provided a “natural experiment” for testing the idea, because the passengers on the two ships were quite similar in terms of gender (性别) and wealth.
The major difference was how long it took the ships to sink. They suggested that when people have little time to react, instincts may rule. When more time is available, social influences play a bigger role. But psychologists(心理学家) noted that many factors other than following social norms could come into play in a disaster, including an evolutionary urge to save the species, attachments(依恋) that are formed between individuals during the event and the leadership of authority figures.
The extent (程度) of altruism (利他主义) and how it occurs “is a very controversial issue,” said Anthony R. Mawson, a professor of preventive medicine at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.He thinks the dominant(主宰的) response was attachment behavior.
Psychologist Daniel Kruger of the University of Michigan, US thinks that the answer lies less in social norms and more in our evolutionary heritage. Human beings have a deep instinct to preserve our kind, he said, and that means “people are more likely to save those who have higher reproductive value, namely the young and women in child-bearing years”.
Kruger also stressed the importance of leadership during a disaster, noting that the Titanic’s captain appeared to have greater control than the Lusitania’s.

16. According to Benno Torgler, what led to the different results between the two shipwrecks?
A. The survival instinct. B. The civilized behavior.
C. The leadership of the captain. D. The length of time.
17. Which of the follwing explanations for the two sinkings will be accepted by psychologists?
A. Human beings are born to be selfish.
B. The well-off will be likely to survive.
C. Social status will play a decisive role in survival.
D. Human survival is more significant than that of the individuals.
18. The following factors have something to do with disasters behaviors EXCEPT__________.
A. leadership B. social division of labor C. a feeling of affection D. social regulations
19. According to Daniel Kruger, the young and women in child-bearing years take the priority to survive because________.
A. they make a contribution to human continuity B. they deserve everybody’s sympathy
C. they have stronger survival instincts D. they are the weak who need protecting
20. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The passage is mainly about two sinkings that had different result about survivals.
B. The passage shows us the true causes that resulted in the two shipwrecks.
C. The passage gives us a definite explanation about the different consequence of survivals
of the two shipwrecks.
D. The passage gives us various possible analyses about the disaster behaviors.

【参考答案】16—20、DDBAD

【四川省成都七中2022三诊考试】书面表达 （满分35分）
假设你叫李华，你的一个伴侣John刚从美国归来，邀请你参与本周日在他家举办的伴侣聚会，但你不能参与，请你依据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件:
1. 表达想参与的意愿;
2. 忙于预备高考;
3. 由于感冒,身体不适;
4. 表示歉意并另约时间。
留意：可适当添加细节以使行文连贯；词数120左右，开头和结尾已给，不计入总字数。
【参考范文】写作：
Dear John,
I’m extremely sorry to tell you that I am unable to go to your party this Sunday. It is very kind of you to invite me to your house and I really look forward to going to your party and sharing your happy experiences abroad. Much to my regret, I will be absent from your party owing to the fact that the College Entrance Exam is just around the corner, for which I am now really busy preparing.
What’s worse, I have caught a bad cold lately and I’d rather I stayed at home instead of going anywhere.
Anyway, we will have many more chances to get together. Would it be convenient for you if we make it after the exam?
I’m truly sorry. I hope you will forgive me and accept my sincere apologies. I look forward to your reply!
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua

【陕西省西工大附中2022第七次适应性训练】书面表达（满分30分）
假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike想了解你校开设的新课程《通用技术》的状况，你向他作如下的介绍：
1、 这门课旨在提高同学的实际运用力气；
2、 通过这门课的学习，你已经学会了修理、设计和制作一些物品；
3、 你的感受。
留意：1、词数不少于100；2、开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
3、 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；4、通用技术--- General Technology
Dear Mike,
Thank you for your letter asking about the General Technology, a new course that
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】书面表达：
Dear Mike,
Thank you for your letter asking about the General Technology, a new course that we are taking at school. Here is something about it.
The new course aims to teach us students basic technical skills and improve our designing ability. From the course, I have learned to use various types of common tools safely. I can even repair some things that are broken in my house and community. What’s more, I can design and make an item that is useful in our daily life. We also have to attend a written test for the course before graduation.
In my opinion, we will benefit from such a practical course and we will acquire more knowledge in an interesting way. We enjoy it mainly because the course is closely related to our everyday life.

【陕西省西北工业高校附属中学2022第六次模拟】书面表达（满分30分）
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友正在写一篇关于各国中同学课外阅读(extra-curricular reading)状况的调查报告，他给你发了一封电子邮件，想了解相关状况。请你依据以下提示，给他回一封电子邮件。
1. 你校同学课外阅读的现状；
2. 缘由分析；
3. 你的看法；
留意：1.依据所给提示，适当发挥，要求内容充实，语意连贯。
2.字数不少于100。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
3.邮件中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。
Dear Helen,
Thank you for your email. Now I would like to tell you something about

Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Helen,
Thank you for your email. Now I would like to tell you something about the extra-curricular reading in our school. As a matter of fact, most of the students in our school haven’t realized the importance of reading, especially extra-curricular reading. Therefore, the time and energy devoted to reading are limited. Besides, some students prefer to read comic books, magazines and newspapers rather than classic reading materials.
I think the reasons for such phenomenon are various. First of all, quite a lot of students are burdened with too much homework. Still others haven’t formed a good habit of reading. They would rather spend time on TVs or computer games instead.
However, reading is obviously beneficial to both our life and study, which can not only broaden our horizon but enrich our life as well. So it is quite necessary for us students to take up reading and for teachers to lessen the amount of homework so that we can have more time to read.
Best Wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua