2022高考英语阅读理解暑假精炼(13)及答案(茂名市).docx

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
The day when the jobs were handed out was one of the most exciting moments for all the children in the class. It took place during the first week of the term. Every kid was given a job for which they would be responsible for the rest of that school year.
Some jobs were more interesting than others, and the children were eager to be given one of the best ones. When giving them out, the teacher took into account which pupils had been most responsible during the previous year. During the previous year Rita had carried out the teacher’s instructions perfectly. All the children knew Rita would be given the best job.
But there was a big surprise. Each child received a normal job. But Rita’s job was very different. She was given a little box containing some sand and one ant. Though the teacher insisted that this ant was very special, Rita felt disappointed. Most of her classmates felt sorry for her. Even her father became very angry with the teacher and he encouraged Rita to pay no attention to this insignificant pet. However, Rita preferred to show the teacher her error by doing something special with that job of little interest.
Rita started investigating all about her little ant and gave the ant the best food, and it grew quite a bit bigger.
One day, a man, who looked very important, came into their classroom and declared, “Your class has been chosen to accompany me, this summer, on a journey to the tropical rain forest, where we will investigate all kinds of insects. Among all the schools of this region, your class has best cared for the little ant.”
That day the school was filled with joy and celebration. Everyone thanked Rita for having been so patient and responsible. And many children learnt that to be given the most important task you have to know how to be responsible even in what are the smallest tasks.
26. What did the teacher base his decision on when giving out jobs to the children?
A. Their characters and interests.
B. Their class performance during the previous year.
C. Their working performance during the previous year.
D. Their ability of managing their accounts during the previous year.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。依据When giving them out, the teacher took into account which pupils had been most responsible during the previous year.在分发任务的时候，老师依据同学上一年的学习表现，故选C。
27. What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. Each child got an important job.
B. Each child got an interesting job.
C. The perfect student got the job of everyone’s preference．
D. The most responsible student got the job of least interest.
【答案】D
【解析】句意理解题。依据由于上一年Rita 表现最好，大家都认为老师应当给她一个最好的工作，可是有一个令人吃惊的事情，所以与同学的想法相反她被给一个没有爱好的工作，故选D。
28.What is Rita’s attitude to her father’s suggestion?
A. Negative. B. Uncertain. C. Totally positive. D. Acceptive.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。依据he encouraged Rita to pay no attention to this insignificant pet. However, Rita preferred to show the teacher her error by doing something special with that job of little interest.她父亲鼓舞她不要照看那个小动物，可是Rita却想做好这个没好玩的工作来表明自己的老师的错误打算，
故选A。
29. We can infer that the man who made the declaration is a _________.
A. hunter B. director C. biologist D. principal
【答案】C
【解析】推理推断题。依据Your class has been chosen to accompany me, this summer, on a journey to the tropical rain forest, where we will investigate all kinds of insects. Among all the schools of this region, your class has best cared for the little ant.”由于同学跟随他去森林争辩动物，所以猜想可能是生物学家，故选C。
30. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Never complain about life.
B. Small tasks can lead to fortunes.
C. Men are best known by their friends.
D. Responsibility and intelligence bring good luck.
【答案】B
【解析】标题归纳题。依据最终一句总结性的话And many children learnt that to be given the most important task you have to know how to be responsible even in what are the smallest tasks. 可知小的工作带来好运气，故选B。

阅读理解。
I usually doubt about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, 1 was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children between 9 and 17 have a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.
Why are America’s kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation (孤独) brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.
Given that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation to cope.
At the top of the list,nurturing (培育) is a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.
To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later.They will then have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.
Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. It’s not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.
Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.
Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you deal with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable,but it doesn’t have to ruin your life.
31.What does the author thinks of the conclusion that people in America are unhappier than 50 years ago?
A. Surprising B. Confusing C. Illogical D. Questionable
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。依据surprising令人吃惊的；confusing令人困惑的；illogical不合唱里的； questionable可疑的。I usually doubt about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.作者对于调查结果持怀疑的态度，故选D。
32.What does the author mean by saying “ we can’t turn the clock back(Para. 3)?
A. It’s impossible to slow down the pace of the change.
B. The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.
C. Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.
D. It’s impossible to forget the past.
【答案】B
【解析】句意理解题。依据adults can still do plenty to help the next generation to cope.孩子们面临的社会不能被转变，故选B。
33. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children 50 years ago __________.
A. were less isolated physically B. were probably less self-centered
C. probably suffered less from anxiety D. were considered less individualistic
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。依据today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s今日的孩子比50年前的孩子压力大，故选C。
34.What is the first and most important thing parents should do to help their children?
A. To provide them with a safer environment.
B. To lower their expectations for them.
C. To get them more involved socially.
D. To set a good model for them to follow.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。依据Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.父母应当让孩子多参与社会活动，故选C。
35.What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
A. Anxiety, though always unavoidable, can be coped with.
B. Children’s anxiety has been enormously exaggerated(夸大).
C. Children’s anxiety can be removed with more parental care.
D. Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.
【答案】C
【解析】推理推断题。依据Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable,在父母的关怀下孩子们的焦虑是可以消退的，故选C。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2022·枣庄高三模拟)
Microsoft founder Bill Gates has opened up about being a parent，stating that 13 is an appropriate age for a child’s first cell phone.
The 57­year­old，father­of­three，revealed on The Today Show that his children Jennifer and Rory were not allowed phones until their 13th birthday and his youngest daughter Phoebe is still waiting for one.
“We’ve chosen in our family that it’s 13 where you get a phone，” the self­made billionaire explained.
He said as a result his children often return home from school complaining，“All the other kids have one.I’m the only one without one.It’s so embarrassing.”
Asked if he keeps passwords to his son and daughters’ email and Facebook accounts，Mr Gates said that he doesn’t for Jennifer,16，who he describes as “independent”．He admitted that monitoring online activity is “a very tricky issue for parents now”．
Despite their vast wealth Mr and Mrs Gates，who live in Lake Medina，have said they want to give their children as normal an upbringing as possible.
It was previously reported that their youngsters have to complete household chores and are given a modest amount of pocket money.
And in 2010 Mr Gates said that he intends to give most of his $61 billion fortune away rather than hand it down.“That wouldn’t be good either for my kids or society，” he said.
Also during the Today interview with host Matt Lauer，Mr Gates，who stepped down from Microsoft in 2008 to concentrate on philanthropy，said that helping others gives him the same excitement as creating software.
“What you really feel is what you’ve achieved.If a piece of software gets out there and lots of people love it—it lets them get their work done in better ways—that’s exciting，” he explained.
1．Bill Gates will not let his children own a cell phone________.
A．until they reach the age of 13
B．if they don’t really need one
C．unless they do some housework
D．before they become independent
2．Which of the following is true about Bill Gates’ children?
A．All his children now have cell phones.
B．Phoebe has her own cell phone.
C．They are not given any pocket money.
D．Jennifer can use the Internet freely.
3．What does the underlined word “That” refer to in the text?
A．Being a parent as a billionaire.
B．Handing all his money down to his children.
C．Allowing his children to have their phones.
D．Giving away all his money to good causes.
4．What can we learn about Bill Gates from the text?
A．He is a warm­hearted father to his children.
B．He has created a lot of software since 2008.
C．He now devotes himself to helping others
D．He cares more about money than anything else.
5．What is the text mainly about?
A．How Bill Gates made himself a billionaire.
B．How Bill Gates deals with his money.
C．How Bill Gates managed his business.
D．How Bill Gates brings up his children.

语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。微软公司的创始人比尔·盖茨认为：孩子只有到13岁以后才能使用手机。本文通过一些类似的例子说明白比尔·盖茨训练孩子的方法。
1．解析：　细节理解题。依据第一段内容可知，比尔·盖茨只允许年满13岁的孩子使用手机。
答案：　A
2．解析：　推理推断题。依据第五段内容可推断出，比尔·盖茨不对Jennifer的邮箱和Facebook账户设置密码，由于他认为年满16岁的Jennifer已经“独立”了，即她可以自由地使用网络。
答案：　D
3．解析：　指代推断题。画线词所在句子意为：那对我的孩子和整个社会都不好。由于that指代上文中提到过的事，所以依据上一句“在2010年盖茨先生说他打算把他610亿美元的财产大部分都捐出去而不是留给自己的孩子”可知，此处that指把自己的财产留给孩子。
答案：　B
4．解析：　推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中的“Mr Gates，who stepped down from Microsoft in 2008 to concentrate on philanthropy(慈善事业)”可知，比尔·盖茨现在认真于慈善事业，即挂念别人。
答案：　C
5．解析：　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过介绍比尔·盖茨给孩子配手机时有年龄限制让孩子做家务，和他不预备把全部财产都留给孩子的例子，说明白盖茨先生想让自己的孩子像一般家庭的孩子一样成长，这些都是比尔·盖茨训练孩子的方法。
答案：D。

【山东省泰安市2022第一轮质检试题】
How many hours do you spend sitting in a chair every day? Eight hours in the office plus three hours in front of the TV after work is the norm for many people．
You probably don’t need an expert to tell you that sitting too much is not good for your health—from an increased risk of heart disease and obesity in the long term，to reduced cholesterol(胆固醇)maintenance in the short term，not to mention the strain on your neck and spine．
To make matters worse，many researches show a good diet and regular exercise call’t reduce the negative effects of sitting too much．
A 2010 study of nearly 9,000 Australians found that for each additional hour of television a person watched per day，the risk of dying rose by 11 percent．Another study tracked the health of 123，000 Americans between 1992 and 2006．The death rate for men who spent six hours or more per day sitting was about 20 percent higher than for men who sat for three hours or less．
So what can we do about it?Health experts suggest we break up those many hours spent sitting with more hours spent standing．
The BBC conducted a simple experiment with a group of 10 volunteers who usually spent most of the day sitting．They were asked to stand for at least three hours a day．The researchers took measurements Oil days when the volunteers stood，and when they sat around．When they looked at the data there were some striking differences，the BBC reported．
Blood sugar leveled off much quicker on the days when the study subjects stood compared with the days they spent in a chair．Standing also burned more calories——about 50 calories an hour．A member said although doing exercise offers many proven benefits，our bodies also need the increase in muscle activity that standing provides．
The researchers believe that even small adjustments，like standing while talking on the phone，will help．
56．The underlined word“norm”in Paragraph 1 most probably means____．
A．standard answer B．cause
C．excuse D．reasonable explanation
57．What bad effect does sitting too much have?
A．A low risk of heart disease． B．Becoming too fat．
C．Balanced cholesterol maintenance．D．Benefiting your neck and spine．
58．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A．Sitting is killing us．
B．We should have a good diet．
C．Watching TV does us no good．
D．Women have higher death rate than men．
59．What is the purpose of the experiment in the text?
A．To help the 10 volunteers to lose weight．
B．To find the difference between standing and sitting．
C．To prove the benefit of standing．
D．To teach us how to control blood sugar．
60．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Having regular exercise B．Standing up for health
C．Watching less TV D．Increasing muscle activity
【参考答案】56—60、ABACB