2021辽宁丹东市高考英语语法填空、阅读类自选练习(8)及答案.docx

2021辽宁丹东市高考英语语法填空、阅读类自选练习（8）及答案
语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】
The Internet has become part of young people's life. __1__ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet. Most of them get __2__(use) information on the Internet __3__ use the Internet to help with their studies. But many students don't use it __4__ a good way. Some play games too much, and some visit websites __5__ shouldn't look at. So bad things may happen __6__ students spend too much time on the Internet.
__7__ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook __8__ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful __9__(advise)．
Some students also make friends on the Internet. But if you want to have a face­to­face __10__(meet) with your online friends, please let your parents know and meet in a proper place.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
【参考答案】：
1.A　2.useful　3.and　4.in　5.they　
6.if　7.It　8.which　9.advice　10.meeting

完形填空。
It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors gathered, discussing the exam due to begin in a few__1__. On their faces was confidence(自信). This was their last exam—then on to__2__and jobs.
Some talked of jobs they already had; others talked of jobs they__3__get. With the certainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take__4__of the world.
The approaching exam, they knew, would be a(n)__5__task. The professor had said they could bring__6__books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not__7__each other during the test.
__8__they entered the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. And smiles__9__on the students' faces as they noticed there were only five essay­type questions.
Three hours had passed__10__the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. Paper in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.
He looked at the__11__faces before him, and then asked，“How many completed all five questions？”__12__a hand was raised.
“How many answered four？”still no hands.
“Three? Two？”The students moved restlessly in their seats.
“One, then? Certainly somebody finished__13__.” But the class remained silent.
The professor put down the papers. “That is exactly what I__14__，”he said. “I just want to impress upon you that, __15__you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the__16__you don't know. These questions you could not answer are relatively__17__in everyday practice.” Then, smiling, he added，“You will all__18__this course, but remember—even though you are now college graduates, your education has just__19__.”
The years have__20__the name of this professor, but not the lesson he taught.
1．A.seconds B．minutes
C．hours D．days
答案：B　这是期末考试的最终一天，同学聚集在楼梯上，这些信息可断定此处用minutes。
2．A.interview B．discussion
C．education D．graduation
答案：D　同学通过了考试，面临的就是毕业及就业了。
3．A.would B．must
C．had to D．used to
答案：A　此处表明的是他们中的一些人谈及他们已经得到的工作，还有些谈及他们将要得到的工作，故应用过去将来时。
4．A.hold B．control
C．charge D．place
答案：B　这些高校生对四年的高校生活布满了自信，就认为已经预备好，能够在社会上有确定的把握力了。
5．A.interesting B．necessary
C．easy D．unusual
答案：C　依据下文信息，教授曾说过他们可以带所需的书或笔记进考场，可以断定这场考试很简洁。
6．A.no B．either
C．any D．all
答案：C　同学们可以带他们所需的任何书或笔记进考场。
7．A.listen to B．look at
C．refer to D．talk to
答案：D　教授只是要求他们在考试期间不行彼此交谈。
8．A.Nervously B．Joyfully
C．Quickly D．Curiously
答案：B　依据上文中的相关信息我们可以断定同学进入考场是格外兴奋的。
9．A.appeared B．changed
C．froze D．stopped
答案：A　当试卷发下来以后，同学们见到只有五个论述题时更觉简洁，因此脸上露出笑容。
10．A.then B．as
C．before D．after
答案：C　此处before表示过了三个小时教授开头收卷。
11．A.pleased B．worried
C．surprised D．moved
答案：B　上文介绍教授在收卷时，同学们不再那么自信了，由此可断定这些考题看似简洁，但实际上很难，同学们是很难通过考试的，此处宜填入worried表示“担忧的；担忧的”，这与上文中的“uncertainty”表达的意义也是全都的。
12．A.Not B．Once
C．Only D．Even
答案：A　依据下文可知是没有人举手，选A。
13．A.all B．none
C．one D．it
答案：C　教授问同学总能完成一道题是可能的吧。
14．A.wondered B．enjoyed
C．hated D．expected
答案：D　毁灭上述状况正如教授所预料的。
15．A.right now B．as though
C．now that D．even though
答案：D　引导让步状语从句，“即使”之意。
16．A.exam B．subject
C．question D．college
答案：B　教授想告知同学即使已经完成了四年学习，但仍有很多有关所学专业的东西同学们还不知道。
17．A.valuable B．difficult
C．common D．strange
答案：C　教授解释这些考题虽然同学们解答不出来，但在实际生活中却是格外一般的。
18．A.pass B．fail
C．take D．start
答案：A　教授劝慰同学们都将通过这科考试。
19．A.begun B．completed
C．failed D．succeeded
答案：A　教授要同学们牢记在心的是虽然同学们高校毕业了，但他们所受的训练在实际生活中的价值(即运用)却是刚刚开头。
20．A.forgot B．remembered
C．strengthened D．weakened
答案：D　岁月消逝，教授的名字被渐渐忘却了，本句话中的主语是the years，因此不行选forgot。

阅读理解。
Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain­computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(呈现)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
本文叙述了科学家正在查找把大脑与电脑连系起来的方法，从而挂念残疾人。大脑与电脑连接技术，可以挂念残疾人沟通和把握设备装置，如轮椅。
12．BCI is a technology that can ________.

A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computers
C. help the disabled to recover D. control a person's thoughts
答案：B。细节理解题。依据短文第一段可知，科学家查找把人的大脑与电脑连接起来的方法，这一方法也即：大脑与电脑连接技术，挂念残疾人向机器发送信号，由此可知B项正确。
13. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?
A. By controlling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine.
C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.
答案：D。细节理解题。依据短文第三段可知，Tavella通过思考来推动轮椅，用思想来指导轮椅，故D项正确。
14. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?
A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
答案：C。挨次排列题，依据第五段的二、三句话可知，头皮把信号传递给帽子，帽子再把信号传递给电脑，电脑再传译信号，并指令轮椅，由此可知C项正确。
15. The team will test with real patients to ________.
A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to them
C. make them live longer 2D. learn about their physical condition
答案：B。细节理解题。依据短文最终一段其次句话可知，他们用真正的病人做试验，是为了证明这是一项他们能受益的技术，故B项正确。
16. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center
B. New Findings about How the Human Brain Works
C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
答案：C。主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了BCI技术能够挂念残疾人，使他们通过思考就能操作一些设备装置，这样他们就有更多的自由，由此可知C项正确。

阅读理解。
Which is safer --- staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working at the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home.
The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this that chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947), Flixborough (1974), Seveso (1976), Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984).
Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives, just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal.
Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate, which is safe unless stored in a great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction of exploding storage tanks. Yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died.
1. According to the passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at _
A. Texas city B. Flixborough C. Seveso D. Mexico City
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Working at the office is safer than staying at home.
B. Travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office.
C. Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry.
D. Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.
3. From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of _____.
A. natural gas, which can easily catch fire
B. fertilizer, which can't be stored in a great quantity
C. poisonous substance, which can't be used in overcrowded areas
D. fuel, which is stored in large tanks
4. From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that _____.
A. to avoid any accident we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry
B. the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the
chemical industry
C. all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measures
had been taken
D. natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe
【参考答案】1—4、BDBC