2021-2022届高一人教版英语必修1练习-unit-5-section-1-.docx

Unit 5　Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He is determined to ________(献身) his life to science.
2．She divided the food into four ________(相等的) shares.
3．He is an ________(活跃的)member of the school's stamp club.
4．His sister ran away from home and went abroad because of family ________(暴力)．
5．This kind of washing powder is of good ________(质量), and doesn't harm our hands.
6．The boss was ________(抨击) by the newspapers for not caring for the workers.
7．—Do you know when the People's Republic of China was ________(成立)?
—On October 1, 1949.
8．Yesterday we ________(选举) Mr. Li the best teacher in our school
9．They are ________(慷慨的) although they are poor.
10．Your teacher can give you ________(指导) on choosing a career and writing a job application.
答案：1.devote　2.equal　3.active　4.violence　5.quality
6．attacked　7.founded　8.voted　9.generous　10.guidance
Ⅱ.选择适当的短语填空
devote... to...　out of work　vote for　as a matter of fact　blow up　equal to　in trouble　turn to
1．Be sure to ________ the tyres before you drive off.
2．______________________， I don't agree with you.
3．The public has the right to ________ the president.
4．He was ________ when the factory closed, so he had to find another job.
5．We depend on our friends when we are ________.
6．One thousand grams are ________ one kilogram.
7．I had to ________ my teacher for help.
8．They ________ all their hours ________ working in their lab.
答案：1.blow up　2.As a matter of fact　3.vote for　4.out of work　5.in trouble　6.equal to　7.turn to　8.devote；to
Ⅲ.语法单句填空
1．The suits are ________good quality and are worth ________(buy)．
答案：of; buying　考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：西服质量很好，值得购买。of good quality质量好；worth doing sth.值得做某事。
2．The students need to be able to read ________(active) and thoughtfully instead of accepting whatever they are taught passively.
答案：actively　考查副词。句意：同学们需要(具备)乐观和认真思考的阅读力气，而不是被动地接受教给他们的东西。actively乐观地。
3．The teacher has devoted all his spare time to ________(help) his students with English during the past few years.
答案：helping　考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，这位老师用他全部的闲暇时间挂念同学学英语。devote... to...“致力于，奉献于，用于”，to为介词，后面要跟名词或动名词。
4．(2021·安徽，32，改编)________(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
答案：Founded　本题考查非谓语动词。句意：建立于20世纪早期，这所学校始终激发着孩子们对艺术的宠爱。此处为非谓语动词作状语，与句子的主语school之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
5．In the dark street, he had no one to turn________ for help.
答案：to　句意：在漆黑的街道上，没有人能挂念他。
6．The year 1949 ________(see) the founding of the People's Republic of China.
答案：saw　句意：1949年见证了中华人民共和国的成立。see，find，witness等词可用物作主语，以拟人手法增加语言颜色。
7．In time we reached a stage ________ we had more young readers than old ones.
答案：where　考查定语从句的用法。句意：很快我们就达到了这样一个阶段，此时我们的年轻读者要多于年老读者。先行词为stage，意为“阶段”，且从句中缺少状语，故用where引导。
8．—I'm going to vote ________ Jackson in the next election. How about you?
—Me, too. He's the best man for the position.
答案：for　考查介词。句意：——在下一次选举中我投票选举杰克逊。你呢？——我也是。他是最合适的人选。vote for投票赞成。
9．You should give a hand to one who is ________trouble.
答案：in　句意：你应当挂念遇到麻烦的人。由语境可知“陷入逆境”表状态，in trouble为固定短语，trouble前不加冠词。
10．________ after he knew the truth did he realize how silly mistakes he had made.
答案：Only　考查倒装。句意：只有当他知道事实后，他才意识到自己犯了多么愚蠢的错误。only＋状语从句置于句首主句要部分倒装。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
James Cleveland Owens was the son of a farmer and the grandson of black slaves. His family moved to Cleveland when he was 9. There, a school teacher asked the youth his name.
“J.C，”he replied.
She thought he had said“Jesse”， and he had a new name.
Owens ran his first race at age 13. After high school, he went to Ohio State University. He had to work part time so as to pay for his education. As a second year student, in the Big Ten games in 1935, he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.
A week before the Big Ten meet, Owens accidentally fell down a flight of stairs. His back hurt so much that he could not exercise all week, and he had to be helped in and out of the car that drove him to the meet. He refused to listen to the suggestions that he give up and said he would try. He did try, and the results are in the record book.
The stage was set for Owens' victory at the Olympic Games in Berlin the next year, and his success would come to be regarded as not only athletic but also political. Hitler did not congratulate any of the African American winners.
“It was all right with me，”he said years later. “I didn't go to Berlin to shake hands with him, anyway.”
Having returned from Berlin, he received no telephone calls from the president of his own country, either. In fact, he was not honored by the United States until 1976, four years before his death.
Owens' Olympic victories made little difference to him. He earned his living by looking after a school playground, and accepted money to race against cars, trucks, motorcycles and dogs.
“Sure, it bothered mehe said later.“But at least it was an honest living. I had to eat.”
In time, however, his gold medals changed his life.“They have kept me alive over the years，”he once said.“Time has stood still for me. That golden moment dies hard.”
1．Owens got his other name“Jesse”when________.
A．he went to Ohio State University
B．his teacher made fun of him
C．his teacher took“J.C”for“Jesse”
D．he won gold medals in the Big Ten meet
答案：C　由文中第三段可知。
2．In the Big Ten meet, Owens________.
A．hurt himself in the back
B．succeeded in setting many records
C．tried every sports event but failed
D．had to give up some events
答案：B　由第四段最终一句话“...he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.”可知。
3．We can infer from the text that Owens was treated unfairly in the US at that time because________.
A．he was not of the right race
B．he was the son of a poor farmer
C．he didn't shake hands with Hitler
D．he didn't talk to the US president on the phone
答案：A　从文章中可以推断是种族卑视的缘由。
4．When Owens says“They have kept me alive over the years...”，he means that the medals ________.
A．have been changed for money to help him live on
B．have made him famous in the US
C．have encouraged him to overcome difficulties in life
D．have kept him busy with all kinds of jobs
答案：C　由倒数第三段和倒数其次段可知，金牌没给Owens带来任何物质上的好处，因此只能是精神上的鼓舞。
5．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Jesse Owens, a great American athlete
B．Golden moment—a lifetime struggle
C．Making a living as a sportsman
D．How to be a successful athlete
答案：A　整篇文章都是讲这位出名的运动员。
Ⅴ.完形填空
I grew up in a tiny Baltimore row house in a faraway mountain area. My parents__1__the necessities of life__2__they couldn't give much more. If I asked my father__3__a pair of jeans, he would say, “If you want them, make the money and buy them4__.” He wasn't being mean; he just couldn't__5__ them. From age 12 on, I did part­time jobs after school.
When I__6__from high school, I joined the navy. Soon I was in a boot camp(新兵训练营) at Parris Island, S.
C．， where I learned that life in the navy centered around completing daily__7__. These could be anything from cleaning the camp to conducting mock(模拟的) battles. Completing these tasks successfully__8__discipline, team­work and responsibility. It didn't__9__whether you were black, white or Asian; everyone worked together for the__10__of the company.
I went__11__to graduate from the U．S. Naval Academy and later became an officer in the navy. The part of my job I__12__most was the counseling(询问)meeting I__13__with the family members of the men and women in my__14__， trying to help them deal with the long periods of__15__. These proved popular and word of them spread.__16__I was being asked to give encouraging__17__to business groups, educators and kids across the country.
But I consider the boot camp my first real__18__， and my life is still guided by the__19__lessons I learned there. It taught me discipline, friendship and the pride related to setting a task every day and working hard to__20__it.
1．A．provided　　　　　　 B．got
C．made D．bought
答案：A　句意：我在遥远的山城巴尔的摩市的一栋小排房里长大。父母为我供应了生活必需品；除此之外，他们再也无能为力了。provide表示“供应；供应；赐予”；例如：The firm has provided me with a car. 公司供应我一辆汽车。
2．A．while B．but
C．so D．or
答案：B　but表示意思转折，译作“然而；尽管如此”；例如：She looks very young, but she is already in her 30's. 她看上去很年轻，可是她已三十多岁了。
3．A．about B．with
C．for D．of
答案：C　句意：假如我恳求父亲给我买条牛仔裤，他会说，“假如你想要牛仔裤，自己挣钱买吧。” ask sb. for sth.|ask sth. of sb.表示“恳求某人赐予……”；例如：Did you ask your boss for a pay increase? 你恳求老板加薪了吗？
4．A．themselves B．ourselves
C．yourself D．myself
答案：C　yourself表示“(强调说话对象做某事)亲自；自己”；例如Do it yourself—I don't have time. 你自己做吧——我没有时间。
5．A．pay B．find
C．produce D．afford
答案：D　句意：他不是为人吝啬，而是买不起。自12岁起，放学后我就打临工了。afford通常与can, could或be able to连用，尤用于否定句或疑问句中，表示“买得起；(有时间)做，能做”；例如：They walked because they couldn't afford (to take) a taxi. 他们由于坐不起计程车而步行。
6．A．came B．returned
C．escaped D．graduated
答案：D　句意：高中毕业后，我参与了海军。graduate form表示“从(高校)毕业”；例如：She graduated from Yale in 1980. 她1980年毕业于耶鲁高校。
7．A．drills B．tasks
C．exercises D．reports
答案：B　句意：不久我就来到了位于南卡罗莱纳州帕里什岛的海军新兵训练营。在新兵训练营，我生疏到海军生活一切以完成日常任务为中心。task表示“(尤指困难或令人厌烦的)任务；工作”；例如：Becoming fluent in a foreign language is no easy task. 娴熟地把握一门外语是一项艰苦的工作。
8．A．included B．asked
C．required D．met
答案：C　句意：这些任务可能是打扫营地、进行模拟战斗训练等任何事务。要成功地完成这些任务需要士兵们守纪律，具有团队精神和责任心。require表示“需要；依靠；依靠”；例如：Most plants require sunlight. 大部分植物需要阳光。
9．A．matter B．mean
C．exist D．work
答案：A　句意：无论你是黑人，白人，还是亚洲人，这都无关紧要；matter表示“事关紧要；要紧；有重要影响”；例如：What does it matter whether he comes or goes? 他来也好去也好， 那有什么关系？
10．A．good B．boss
C．rest D．right
答案：A　句意：人人都为连队利益而共同战斗。for the good of...表示“为了……的利益(或好处)”，其中名词good表示“用处；好处；利益”；例如：I'm giving you this advice for your own good. 我劝你是为你好。
11．A．out B．on
C．away D．off
答案：B　句意：我进入海军学院连续学习深造，毕业后，成为了一名海军军官。go on to do sth.表示连续做(另一件事情)，完成一事后接着做某事”；例如：After attacking the Government's economic policy, he went on to describe how the Labour Party would reduce unemployment. 他抨击了政府的经济政策之后， 接着叙述工党降低失业率的方案。
12．A．took B．hated
C．enjoyed D．did
答案：C　句意：在我的工作中，我最宠爱的那部分就是由我主持召开的军属询问会议，尽力挂念她们处理长期分居问题。enjoy表示“享受……的乐趣；从……中获得乐趣；宠爱”；例如： She enjoys playing tennis. 她喜好打网球。
13．A．ended B．began
C．continued D．held
答案：D　hold a meeting表示“举办会议”，其中hold表示“召开，举办，进行”；例如：The meeting will be held in the community centre. 会议将在社区活动中心进行。
14．A．charge B．situation
C．position D．choice
答案：A　in/under one's charge|in/under the charge of sb.表示“由……主管(掌管或照管)”；例如：These patients are under the charge of Dr. Wilson. 这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗。
15．A．lessons B．meeting
C．training D．separation
答案：D　separation表示“分居”；例如： Lengthy separation of the young couple could lead to psychological problems. 年轻夫妇长期分居会导致心理上的问题。
16．A．Long before B．Before long
C．As usual D．Once again
答案：B　句意：这些活动结果深受人们欢迎，并得到广泛地颂扬。不久之后，我应邀到全国各地向企业集团，训练工作者以及同学们进行励志演讲。before long(＝soon)表示“不久”；例如：The dictionary will be published before long. 这本词典不久就要出版。
17．A．performances B．descriptions
C．speeches D．gifts
答案：C　give/make/deliver a speech(on/about sth.)表示“(就……)发表演讲(或演说)”：例如：The chairman made an opening speech. 主席致开幕词。
18．A．vacation B．place
C．job D．travel
答案：C　句意：但是，我照旧把新兵训练营看作是我第一份真正的工作，……； job表示“工作；职业”。
19．A．important B．bitter
C．normal D．difficult
答案：A　句意：……；并且，我的生活照旧以我在那里所学到的重要的学问为指导。important表示“重要的；有重大影响的；有巨大价值的”。例如：It is important to see that everything goes well. 重要的是确保一切顺当。
20．A．gain B．achieve
C．show D．match
答案：B　句意：它使我懂得了纪律、友情以及努力完成每天所设定的那项任务所带来的傲慢感。achieve表示“完成”；例如：I've achieved only half of what I'd hoped to do.我期望做到的， 我仅完成了一半。