2021高考英语天津市(三月)阅读、完形填空自练(12)答案.docx

2021高考英语天津市（三月）阅读、完形填空自练（12）答案

阅读理解。
In business, there is a speed difference: It's the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size .Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.
In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.
How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.
In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.
Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . That kind of strategy must come from the top.
( ) 1. What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Increase the speed. B. Get an advantage. C. Reach the limit. D. Set a goal.
( ) 2. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.
A. spending more time and performing worse.
B. spending more time and performing better
C. spending less time and performing worse
D. spending less time and performing better
( ) 3. What can we learn from the text?
A. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.
B. how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.
C. Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.
D. Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.
( ) 4. Which could be the best title for the text?
A. Improve quality? Serve better. B. Deliver value? Plough ahead.
C. Reduce time? Move faster. D. Need speed? Slow down.
【参考答案】1---4、BDCD

阅读理解
(2022·江西八校联考)
The forces that make Japan one of the world’s most earthquake­prone (有地震倾向的) countries could become part of its long­term energy solution.
Water from deep below the ground at Japan’s tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity.
Although Japanese high­tech companies are leaders in geothermal (地热的) technology and export it，its use is limited in the nation.
“Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy，” said Yoshiyasu Takefuji，a leading researcher of thermal­electric power production.
The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11,2011 caused a reaction against atomic power，which previously made up 30 percent of Japan’s energy needs，and increased interest in alternative energies，which accounted for only 8 percent.
Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy，following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs.
For now，geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan，which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.
The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories.Another problem is that Japan’s potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden.
“We can’t even dig 10 cm inside national parks.” said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric，adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.
Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，“Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades­long project.We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term.”
The Earth Policy Institute in Washington，US，believed Japan could produce 80 000 megawatts (兆瓦) and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology.
Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology，with a 70 percent market share.In 2010，Fuji Electric built the world’s largest geothermal factory in New Zealand.
1．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Alternative energies in Japan
B．World’s largest geothermal plant
C．Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology
D．Japan thinks of geothermal energy
2．What percentage of Japan’s energy needs is geothermal energy?
A．About 8%.　 B．Below 1%.
C．Around 30%.　 D．Over 80%.
3．According to Shigeto Yamada，the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs________.
A．a change of rules 　 B．financial support
C．local people’s help　　 D．high technology
4．Geothermal energy is considered as a long­term program by________.
A．Yoshiyasu Takefuji 　 B．Hideaki Matsui
C．Shigeto Yamada 　 D．Yoko Ono
5．It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that________.
A．the world’s biggest geothermal plant was built by America
B．Japan will not export its geothermal technology
C．the potential of Japan’s geothermal energy is great
D．it is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan

语篇解读　本文为一篇科普说明文。让日本经常地震的一些自然力有可能会被转化成日本长期可持续利用的清洁能源，即：地热。本文对其进行了具体介绍。
1．解析：　标题概括题。依据文章第三段的导入和倒数第三段最终一句“We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term”，以及对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲的“日本正在考虑如何使用地热”的问题，所以D项最适合做文章的标题。
答案：　D
2．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章第七段“For now，geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan...”可知，答案B符合文意。
答案：　B
3．解析：　推理推断题。依据文章倒数第四段中的“adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow”可推知，答案A符合文意。
答案：　A
4．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章倒数第三段“Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades­long project...”可知，答案B符合文意。
答案：　B
5．解析：　推理推断题。依据对文章最终两段的整体理解可知，日本的地热能源潜力巨大。
答案：　C

【2022高考英语河北省衡水中学一调考试】
完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My daughter Julie and I went shopping this morning. A little part of me thought about going to another checkout line. This one had the shortest queue, there was only one guy in it, but he was in a __41____ and there seemed to be some complications going on.
Well, I stamped on that little part, and we stepped in ___42____him. At first, he seemed to be having ___43__ getting his groceries onto the conveyor belt(输送带). But after a while, I __44___ that what he was actually doing was dividing them into two lots.
Still, getting the stuff up there was no___45____ task in itself. I __46__to help, but he and the checkout lady had it under__47___. He asked Julie if she would __48____ putting his empty basket away. Then he __49____for his wallet which was in a pouch(小袋子)on one side of his chair. The way he was positioned and the fact he only had one usable__50____ made this quite a stretch for him, so I helped there.
What must it be like, I ____51____, to be so dependent on other people like that?
The checkout operator came around and gave him his __52_____ and the items he needed to have to hand. I offered to get ___53_____bigger bag and he said, “ No. but you could do me a favor. Take that lot along to the entrance and give it to Angela.”
I ___54__did that, leaving Julie with our shopping. Angela, it turned out, was collecting food for people who might otherwise go __55_! I hadn’t even noticed her before.
This guy, despite the limitation that his ____56____condition imposed(强加于) on him, had bought more than twice as much shopping as he needed. He may have been ___57______ physically, but his heart was more than capable of ___58_____ all that. And it changed my idea of ___59____ when I realized that the help he had given was ____60____ the help he had received.
41. A. taxi B. wheelchair C. grocery D. bench
42. A. before B. behind C. near D. beyond
43. A. difficulty B. potential C. doubt D. ability
44. A. regretted B. recognized C. requested D. realized
45. A. special B. obvious C. easy D. necessary
46. A. struggled B. offered C. forced D. preferred
47. A. control B. consideration C. repair D. attack
48. A. mind B. finish C. enjoy D. escape
49. A. hoped B. chose C. reached D. begged
50. A. leg B. knee C. foot D. arm
51. A. warned B. wondered C. feared D. insisted
52. A. change B. bill C. note D. coin
53. A. more B. another C. other D. the other
54. A. desperately B. faithfully C. sadly D. gratefully
55. A. thirsty B. tired C. hungry D. crazy
56. A. mental B. natural C. official D. physical
57. A. admired B. limited C. forgotten D. accepted
58. A. overcoming B. keeping C. passing D. destroying
59. A. pride B. patience C. dependence D. bravery
60. A. other than B. more than C. less than D. rather than
【参考答案】完形填空：
41—60、BBADC BAACD BADBC DBACB