2021高考英语(广东专用)大二轮总复习定时训练-8.docx

定时训练(8)　
Ⅰ.专题特训(冠词与名词)
一、依据语境用适当的冠词填空，不需填的，填“/”，然后熟读深思。
1．Because ______ unemployment is very high at present，it's not easy for a fresh graduate to find ______ satisfying job as he wishes.
解析　unemployment是抽象名词，前面不用冠词。job是可数名词，用不定冠词泛指“一个令人满足的工作。”
答案　/；a
2．—My flight was delayed because of _____ heavy rain.
—But you are just in ______ time for the discussion.
解析　引起我的航班延误应当是特指的一场大雨，所以第一空要用定冠词来限定，in time准时，准时，固定短语。
答案　the；/
3．I don't think the experiment is ______ failure.At least we have gained ______ experience for future success.
解析　failure表示失败的概念为抽象名词，前面不行用不定冠词。表示失败的人或事情就成了可数名词，前面用不定冠词。experience作经受讲为可数名词，作为阅历讲为不行数名词。
答案　a；/
4．Jack had ______ feeling of excitement when hearing his article had been published in ______ school magazine.
解析　have a feeling of为固定用法，意思是：有一种……的感觉；其次空表特指。句意：听到自己的文章已经在校刊上发表，Jack有一种兴奋的感觉。
答案　a；the
5．I got ______ bad toothache yesterday，which kept me awake ______ whole night.
解析　get a toothache牙疼，是固定用法，而整个晚上(whole night)是特指昨天晚上，因此应当使用定冠词。我昨天晚上牙疼得厉害，整晚没睡。
答案　a；the
6．We're going there by ________ plane instead of on ________ train.
解析　该题中plane与train均表示交通工具，前面有by不与冠词连用，而on与冠词连用。
答案　/；a
7．Italy is ______ most attractive European country and how I wish I would go there for ______ second time.
解析　考查冠词的用法。第一个空后的most不是构成最高级，而是“格外，很，格外”的意思，因此前面用不定冠词，a most attractive European country意为“一个格外迷人的欧洲国家”；其次个空表示“又一，再一”，所以序数词前应用不定冠词。
答案　a；a
8．I don't know who invented ______ telephone，but it's really ______ most wonderful invention.
解析　the telephone特指电话这类事物；a most wonderful invention意为“一项格外奇异的创造”。
答案　the；a
9．George couldn't remember when he first met Mr.Anderson，but he was sure it was ______ Sunday because everybody was at ______ church.
解析　一个星期天表述为a Sunday，be at church意为“在做礼拜”，不用冠词。
答案　a；/
10．(2022·南阳两校联考)Keeping a diary is ______ good habit，by which you'll make ______ great progress in writing.
解析　句意：写日记是一种好习惯，通过它你将在写作上取得很大进步。第一空habit是可数名词，依据句意可知此处表示泛指“一种好习惯”，应用不定冠词。其次空progress为不行数名词，前面不用冠词，make progress 意为“取得进步”。
答案　a；/
11．(2022·咸阳二模)—Have you seen ______ pen? I left it here this morning.
—It is ______ black one? I found it in the corner.
解析　第一次提到某物用不定冠词，所以第一空填a；依据I found it in the corner这一信息，它表明说话者是拿着笔在与对方说话，故表特指，所以其次空填the。
答案　a；the
12．(2022·昆明二模)The operation is ______ success and the patient is now out of ______ danger.
解析　句意：这次手术是成功的并且现在病人已脱离了危急。第一空属抽象名词具体化，其次空为固定搭配。
答案　a；/
13．(2022·无锡一模)The education of young is always ______ hot and serious topic.
解析　the young意为“年轻人”，定冠词用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物； 其次空填不定冠词修饰名词topic，此处表泛指。
答案　the；a
14．China is ______vast country which is home to ______ amazing variety of landscapes，plants and animals.
解析　第一空表示“中国是一个……样的国家”，是泛指的概念，因此填不定冠词；其次空是固定短语a variety of，只是在variety前面加上了形容词amazing修饰它。
答案　a；an
二、依据语境及汉语提示，填入适当的名词。
1．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
—Well，you know，English is my __________(特长，强项)．so it is my best choice.
答案　strength
2．Your __________(表现) as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
答案　performance
3．My first __________(印象) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
答案　impression
4．The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you any direct __________(解决)．
答案　solution
5．The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us __________(荣誉、信誉)in this summer game.
答案　honour
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文　话题：寓言故事　时间：6分钟
Once upon a time，in a small city，there was an empty storybook.The book looked great，with an impressive cover，but all its pages were blank.Children and grown－ups would pick up the book，but finding no stories inside，they would cast the book aside.
Not far from there，a lovely inkwell(墨水池) had been full of ink for years.His owner had forgotten about it.The inkwell and the storybook cursed their bad luck.
One day when the book was thrown away，it ended up next to the inkwell.For days and days the two of them swapped stories about their bad luck.They could have carried on for years，if an elegant swan feather had not floated down and landed next to them.At first，the feather felt lonely and abandoned.He cried and cried，and the book and the inkwell joined in，letting out all their sadness at the years of neglect.
However，unlike his companions，the feather soon tired of crying，and he resolved to improve the situation.Drying his tears，and leaving his complaints behind，he clearly saw how the three of them，working together，could achieve a lot more than just suffering.He convinced his friends to write a story.The storybook opened up his best pages，the inkwell didn't spill even a drop，and the feather contributed great ingenuity and beautiful writing.Together they managed to write a lovely story about three friends who helped each other to improve their lives.
Then a young teacher passed by，head down and looking sad，wondering how he could keep his pupils' attention.He found the storybook，the inkwell and the feather.The teacher read the book，and found the story charming.He picked up the three artists，and continued on his way to school.When lessons began he told the story to his pupils，and they were all attentive.
Every night from then on，feather，inkwell，and storybook got together and wrote a new story for the young teacher.They felt so happy and proud at having managed to improve their fate.
【语篇导读】　空白书、墨水池和天鹅毛它们三个开头的时候都被遗弃了，它们埋怨，哭泣。但是有一每天鹅毛发觉，他们可以合作将它们的故事写在书上，从而转变他们的命运。
1．Why was the book deserted at first?
A．Because it was ugly.
B．Because it looked great.
C．Because it had an impressive cover.
D．Because there was nothing on its pages.
解析　细节理解题。依据第一段其次句话和第三句话The book looked great，with an impressive cover，but all its pages were blank.Children and grown－ups would pick up the book，but finding no stories inside，they would cast the book aside.可知人们发觉书页上没有内容而将书抛弃。
答案　D
2．In the paragraph 2 the underlined word “cursed” probably means ______．
A．swore B．demanded
C．suggested D．celebrated
解析　词义猜想题。依据文章当中消灭的their bad luck以及He cried and cried，and the book and the inkwell joined in，letting out all their sadness at the years of neglect.可以推出curse的意思是“诅咒，埋怨”，故选A。
答案　A
3．What's the main idea of the fourth paragraph?
A．They worked together to cry for their sad fortune.
B．They decided to leave the place.
C．They made up their minds to be teachers.
D．They worked together to make their life better.
解析　主旨大意题。第四段中讲到在天鹅毛的倡议下，他们共同努力把它们的故事写下来，从而转变了他们的生活，故选D。
答案　D
4．What can we learn from the article?
A．The three became students in the young teacher's class.
B．The young teacher's lessons were loved by the students.
C．The young teacher became a writer.

D．The young teacher became an artist.
解析　推理推断题。依据文章倒数其次段中的When lessons began he told the story to his pupils，and they were all attentive.可以推出那位年轻老师的课受到了同学们的欢迎。文章中并没有提到书、墨水池和天鹅毛成为了那位年轻老师的同学或那位年轻老师成为了作家和艺术家。
答案　B
B
体裁：说明文　话题：医疗科学　时间：8分钟
(2022·济宁市月考)Researchers have been able to translate brain signals into speech using sensors attached to the surface of the brain for the first time.
The breakthrough，which is up to 90 percent accurate，offers a way to communicate for paralyzed(瘫痪的，麻痹的)patients who cannot speak and could eventually lead to being able to read anyone's thoughts.
“We were beside ourselves with excitement when it started working，” said Professor Bradley Greger，a bioengineer at Utah University who led the team of researchers.“I would call it brain reading and we hope that in two or three years it will be available for use for paralyzed patients.”
The experimental breakthrough came when the team attached two button－sized grids of 16 tiny electrodes(电极)to the speech centers of the brain of an epileptic(癫痫的)patient.The sensors were attached to the surface of the brain.The patient had had part of his skull(颅骨)removed for another operation to treat his condition.
Using the electrodes，the scientists recorded brain signals in a computer as the patient repeatedly read each of 10 words that might be useful to a paralyzed person：yes，no，hot，cold，hungry，thirsty，hello，goodbye，more and less.Then they got him to repeat the words to the computer and it was able to match the brain signals for each word 76 percent to 90 percent of the time.The computer picked up the patient's brain waves as he talked and did not use any voice recognition software.
Because just thinking about a word—and not saying it—is thought to produce the same brain signals，Prof Greger and his team believe that soon they will be able to have translation device and voice box that repeats the word you are thinking.
What is more，the brains of people who are paralyzed are often healthy and produce the same signals as those in able－bodied people—it is just they are blocked by injury from reaching the muscle.
The researchers said the method needs improvement，but could lead in a few years to clinical trials on paralyzed people who cannot speak due to so－called “locked－in” syndrome(闭锁综合症)．
“People who could eventually benefit from a wireless device that converts thoughts into computer－spoken words include those paralyzed by stroke，disease and injury，” said Prof Greger.People who are now “locked in” often communicate with any movement they can make—blinking an eye or moving a hand slightly—to arduously pick letters or words from a list.However，the new device would allow them freedom to speak on their own.
5．Which of the following best describe Professor Bradley Greger in Paragraph 3?
A．Joyful and hopeful.
B．Cautious and unsatisfied.
C．Negative and painful.
D．Exhausted and busy.
解析　细节理解题。依据“We were beside ourselves with excitement when it started working”可知joyful，依据后面对前景的叙述可知hopeful。
答案　A
6．Why did the scientists make the patients repeatedly read some words?
A．Because these words are easy to pronounce.
B．Because these words are short and easy.
C．To ensure they are useful and accurate.
D．To find out the different sounds and waves.
解析　推理推断题。依据第五段“that might be useful to a paralyzed person”以及其次段中“The breakthrough，which is up to 90 percent accurate”可知让病人不断重复有用的词汇可保证精确度高。
答案　C
7．According to the passage，who will benefit most from the research in the future?
A．People who aren't good at communicating.
B．Paralyzed people.
C．People who suffer the “locked in” syndrome.
D．Patient who suffer from an epileptic symptom.
解析　推理推断题。依据文章其次段以及最终两段综合可知。B项仅指瘫痪的病人，而该项技术目前是用于丢失说话力量的瘫痪病人，见其次段。
答案　C
8．The underlined word “arduously” in the last paragraph means ________．
A．economically B．differently
C．with difficulty D．with ease
解析　猜想词义题。依据后文“The new device would allow them freedom to speak on their own”推想。
答案　C
9．The passage is most probably taken from ________．
A．a computer book B．an experiment report
C．a medical journal D．an oral biography
解析　推理推断题。依据全文内容来看这是医学界的一个福音。
答案　C