2021曲靖市高考英语完形填空、阅理自练及答案12.docx

【由内蒙古包头市201模拟改编】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Prejudice is a preconceived opinion that is not based on fact or reason. Examples of prejudice in schools include believing that some students are particular type of people simply because of the way they dress or act, or believing that a certain group is good at sports simply because many peop1e in that group are goad at sports. Another example is believing that a boy is good at science because many boys are good at science.
I would like to cite more examples from the English literature. The best example of “prejudice” can be found in Jane Austen’s novels. Her novels in the history of English literature are popularly known as "novels of manners".Thus you can clearly understand that where manners and social behavior are concerned，"prejudice" is inevitable ! Austen' s famous novel Pride and Prejudice is the best example in this respect. When you read the novel, the very first line that would strike you is “it is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.”It is an example of 18th century English middle class prejudice that eventually looked upon women just as an object that would serve as the basic sign for a man to establish his manliness and his superior and well acquired financial status. This novel is chiefly about class division，social norms and the consequent human behavior. The characters Elizabeth and Darcy，in their journey of 1ife through the course of the novel, highlight their personal prejudices towards one another that arise from their different social strata(阶层).Darcy，a rich man , at first ,
fails to admire the beauty and intelligence of Elizabeth because of her low social status:"she is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me;”and Elizabeth，proud of her "first impressions"，failed to understand the well natured man under the proud and unfriendly Darcy.
1. What is "prejudice" defined in this passage?
A. Prejudice is a reasonable idea that is based on one’s own experience.
B. Prejudice is a preference for one group of people or things over another.
C. Prejudice is a preconceived opinion before becoming aware of fact or reason.
D. Prejudice is an unreasonable dislike of a particular group of people or things.
2. The underlined word "inevitable" in the second paragraph probably_means_ .
A. unavoidable B. reasonable C. unbelievable D. valuable
3.From the novel Pride and Prejudice，we can’t learn that .
A. where manners and social behavior are concerned "prejudice" is inevitable
B. "prejudice" was defined and compared with“pride” in 18th century
C. it's about class division，social norms and the consequent human behavior
D. personal prejudices towards one another arise from different social strata
【参考答案】1—3、CAB

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
Pretending to be happy can actually make you more miserable—especially if you’re a woman, according to a new study. Researchers found that walking around with a forced smile and faking(假装的)happiness simply led to people feeling gloomier. So, putting a brave face on your woes could actually be counterproductive.
The research found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy. Psychologist, Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when workers were dealing with clients could backfire (产生事的愿违的不良后果). He said:“Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional exhaustion, and that’s bad for the organization.”
Dr. Scott said the research showed customer service workers who“faked smiles”throughout a day worsened their moods and then withdrew from work, so their productivity dropped. He added:“Bosses may think that getting their staff to smile is good for the organization, but that’s not necessarily the case.”Dr. Scott, assistant professor of management at Michigan State University, analyzed a group of bus drivers during a two –week period.
The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional displays over a period of time and compare the different effects that they have on men and women. His team examined the effects of“surface acting”—or fake smiling—compared to what was termed“deep acting”, or cultivating positive emotions by recalling pleasant memories.
Dr. Scott said: “Women were harmed more by‘surface acting’, meaning their moods worsened even more than men and they withdrew more from work. However , they were helped more by‘deep acting’,which meant their moods improved more.”
Dr. Scott suggested women tended to suffer more when pretending to be happy because they were expected to be more emotionally expressive than men. Therefore, faking a smile while they are feeling down is more likely to go against their normal behavior and cause more harmful feelings.
Although,“deep acting”seemed to improve moods in the short term, Dr. Scott said it was not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy.
He said:“You’re trying to cultivate positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself any more”
61. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Forcing one to smile could make one feel better
B. Wearing a fake smile could worsen one’s mood
C. Always smiling could improve one’s performance
D. Wearing a fake smile could help one free from sadness
62. The finding of the research might serve as a warning to .
A. men B. employees C. customers D. bosses
63. According to Dr. Brent Scott, .
A. most bus drivers have to wear“fake smiles”
B. “fake smiles”workers work better than usual
C. “fake smiles”might lead to lower productivity
D. bosses know the negative effect of forced smiles
64. It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that .
A. pleasant memories are associated with positive feelings
B. men suffer more from fake smiling, compared to women
C. women should smile a lot when faced with new challenges
D. few employers know how to increase the productivity of their staff
65.“Deep acting”is helpful to women in that .
A. they forget their trouble B. they will behave normally
C. they become more talkative D. their moods are getting better
【参考答案】61-65 BDCAD

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
I live in the land of Disney, Hollywood and year-round sun. You may think people in such a splendid, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.

Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more lasting emotion.
Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.
I have often though that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells“happiness”.But in memoir（回忆录）after memoir, they reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism ,drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children and profound loneliness.
Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage, if he’s honest, and he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment, for commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Similarly, couples that choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine out whenever they want and sleep as late as they can. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating（解放性的）realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.[来源:Z*xx*k.Com]
66. We can learn from the passage that .
A. fun creates long-lasting satisfaction
B. fun provides enjoyment while pain leads to happiness
C. happiness is lasting whereas fun is short-lived
D. fun that is long-standing may lead to happiness
67. To the author, the role Hollywood stars play is to .
A. write memoir after memoir about their happiness
B. tell the public that happiness has nothing to do with fun
C. teach people how to enjoy their lives
D. bring happiness to the public instead of going to parties
68. In the author’s opinion, marriage .
A. affords greater fun B. leads to raising children
C. indicates duty and devotion D. usually ends up in pain
69.Which of the following is the best example of“painful happiness”?
A. Winning lottery by accident B. A bachelor resisting marriage
C. Raising children D. Buying some fancy clothes
70. If one gets the true sense of happiness, he will.
A. stop playing games and joking with others
B. keep himself with his family
C. give a free hand to money
D. use his time to increase happiness

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
I always avoid going on field investigations with the toxics (毒物)team, unless it’s absolutely necessary. It’s not that I mind the hard work, or am afraid of coming into contact with toxic substances. What I fear is quickly losing hope about the work I do.
However, doing field research with the toxics team, all I see and feel is filth—nothing else. Even if I close my eyes, I can smell the smell of food processing, rotting organic waste from paper mills and chemicals from clothing manufacturers.
One morning, I went to investigate a discharged pipe to document and collect samples of pollutants secretly being emitted by a textile mill. I had to work with the utmost secrecy in order to avoid being discovered by the textile mill.
I dipped a long measuring pole into the large polluting pipe to measure the volume of polluted water being emitted. But the surface of the water, covered in oil and filth, made me feel as if to vomit.
All of a sudden, I felt someone hit me on my back. It frightened me so much that I almost fell into the water. I grasped the pole and looked behind me to see an old man standing there. He asked:“Can you catch fish here?”I realized that he thought I was holding a fishing pole, so I kept calm and said: “Yes, I heard that there’s a kind of small fish living in this water, and it has medicinal benefits.”
The old man grew quite curious and replied:“That may be. If a fish can survive in water as dirty as this , it must have a lot of resistance. So it wouldn’t be too strange if such fish had medicinal benefits.”
It was clear he was just passing by, so I answered:“Yeah, survival of the fittest. Fish that adapt can survive, just like us humans.”
He kept talking to me and didn’t want to leave. He wanted to see whether or not I would catch the small fish with medicinal benefits.
71. The text is mainly about .
A. a research report about pollution
B. an exciting experience of fishing
C. an experience of doing research on pollution
D. an unforgettable talk with an old man
72. Which word can take place of the underlined word in the 2nd paragraph?
A. fish B. textile C. water D. pollutants
73. What is the writer of the text most probably?
A. A newspaper reporter. B. A researcher about pollution.
C. A fisherman. D. A worker of the textile mill.
74. Why did the writer tell the old man he was fishing?
A. Because he wanted to satisfy the old man’s curiosity
B. Because the old man was interested in fishing too
C. Because he did the research secretly
D. Because the old man wanted to buy the fish[来源:Zxxk.Com]
75. We can infer from the last paragraph that .
A. the old man had found out the secret
B. the old man wanted to catch the fish by himself
C. the writer would have to tell the old man the fact
D. the old man was sent to watch over the writer

【答案】71-75 CDBCC

完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
There is very little time to waste if we agree that the function of education is to prepare us for life. So，while we can，we ought to concentrate 1.________ teaching children something really useful.
Politeness is a mark of civilization.2.________ sooner children learn this，the better. In any case，a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.
Like it or not，our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle for money，but we don't make an effort to teach children 3.________ to manage it. So our schools have a duty to teach them this ability from the beginning.
Children should learn to take care 4.________ their health. They should know that 5.________ they eat junk food，they will become fat and unhealthy. They should be very clear about 6.________ happens to their bodies when they drink or smoke.
All of 7.________ are part of society. We have rights and responsibilities. We have to know a little bit of our history and geography，because we need to have an environment in which to relate to the people around us. Our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our children: this is life，this is what you are going to face，8.________ this is how you deal with it.
(七)
1．on　考查介词。concentrate on “集中于，集中留意力于”，为固定搭配。
2．The　考查冠词。此处考查固定句型“the＋比较级＋简洁句，the＋比较级＋简洁句”，意为“越……越……”。
3. how　考查疑问副词。但是我们并没有尽力教会孩子们怎样处理它。
4. of　考查介词。take care of “照看”，为固定搭配。
5. if　考查状语从句的引导词。假如他们吃垃圾食品的话，他们会长胖而且会不健康的。
6. what　考查名词性从句的引导词。该空引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，故填what。
7. us　考查代词。由此空后面的句子“We have rights…We have to know…”以及用在介词之后可知要用us。all of us 我们大家。
8. and　考查并列连词。此空连接两个句子，且表示并列关系，故填and。