2021辽宁葫芦岛市高考英语语法填空、阅读类自选练习(6)(含答案).docx

2021辽宁葫芦岛市高考英语语法填空、阅读类自选练习（6）（含答案）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sam：Which do you prefer，life in __1__ countryside or in town?
Ted：Honestly __2__(speak)，I prefer the latter.Living in town has many advantages over living in the countryside.Don't you think so?
Sam：In many ways that's true.But I still prefer the countryside，__3__ it's peaceful and quiet，while it's much too __4__(crowd)and noisy in town.__5__，the air and water in town are usually __6__(pollute) by factories.
Ted：That's true to some degree.But in spite of this，I think that life in town is preferable.Travel is more convenient，and so is shopping.
Sam：And there are __7__(good) education and job opportunities in town than in the countryside，aren't there?
Ted：That's right.And nobody __8__deny the fact.
Sam：So let's say that living in town or in the countryside either has __9__ own advantages and __10__．
Ted：Exactly.
答案　1.the　2.speaking　3.where　4.crowded　5.Besides　
6.polluted　7.better　8.can　9.its　10.disadvantages

完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[夹叙夹议型完形填空(二)]
With his leg lame and his teeth uneven, the boy almost thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world. He __1__ played with his classmates; and when asked to answer questions, he always __2__ his head without a word.
One spring, his father brought home some saplings(树苗). __3__ of his children would plant a sapling and he promised, “Whoever __4__ his sapling best shall get a favourite gift.” The boy certainly wanted to get his father's gift. __5__ seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees, he __6__ an idea: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So after watering it once or twice, he never __7__ it.
A few days later, when the little boy went to see his tree again, he was __8__ to find it not only didn't die, but also grew some fresh __9__ . Compared with those of his brothers and sisters, his appeared greener. His father kept his __10__， bought the little boy one of his favourite gifts and said from the tree he planted, he would surely become an outstanding __11__ when he grew up.
From then on, the little boy slowly became __12__ and confident. One night, he suddenly __13__ his biology teacher once said that plants __14__ grow at night. Why not go to see his tree? When he came to the courtyard, he found his father was working near his tree with a ladle(长柄勺). All of a sudden, he __15__： his father had been secretly __16__ his small tree! He returned to his room, tears __17__ in his eyes.
Decades passed. The little boy didn't become a botanist. __18__， he was elected President of the United States. His name was Franklin Roosevelt.
__19__ is the best nourishment(滋养品)of life; __20__ it is just a bucket of water, it can make the tree of life grow well.
1．A. ever B. seldom
C. still D. often
2．A. held B. raised
C. lowered D. covered
3．A. Both B. None
C. One D. Each
4．A. likes B. protects
C. grows D. watches
5．A. And B. So
C. Before D. But
6．A. cared for B. got rid of
C. hit upon D. put forward
7．A. appealed to B. attended to
C. adapted to D. turned to
8．A. surprised B. frightened
C. disappointed D. amused
9．A. roots B. leaves
C. branches D. seeds
10．A. word B. balance
C. agreement D. opinion
11．A. teacher B. gardener
C. president D. botanist
12．A. satisfied B. certain
C. optimistic D. independent
13．A. believed B. recalled
C. repeated D. knew
14．A. generally B. hardly
C. recently D. probably
15．A. remembered B. understood
C. wondered D. admitted
16．A. cutting B. decorating
C. watering D. providing
17．A. welling B. falling
C. dropping D. crying
18．A. Therefore B. Besides
C. Moreover D. Instead
19．A. Love B. Water
C. Disability D. Father
20．A. so long as B. if only
C. now that D. even though
(一)
【要点综述】本文叙述了一个认为自己天生不幸的小男孩，经过一次种树的经受，受到父亲的鼓舞和挂念而变得自信，后来成为美国总统的故事。文章旨在告知读者，爱是滋润孩子心灵的最好的养料。
1．B　依据文章第一句话可知，小男孩认为自己不幸运，因此很少和同学玩，故选seldom。
2．C　lower one's head “低下头”。小男孩自卑，与之相符的是低头躲避回答问题。
3．D　依据第三段中的“Compared with those of his brothers and sisters…”可知父亲让每个孩子种一棵树。故选D。
4．C　父亲承诺树种得最好的人可以获得奖品，故选grow。
5．D　小男孩也想得到父亲的礼物，但是当看到兄弟姐妹都在细心呵护小树时，便失去了信念，选择了放弃，故选D项，表示转折。
6．C　hit upon an idea “突然有了一个想法”。care for宠爱；get rid of除去；put forward(公开)提出(建议等)。
7．B　attend to照料，护理；appeal to吸引；adapt to使适应，改编；turn to求助于，依靠，转而从事于。
8．A　小树的成长和小男孩的心理预期相反，所以他感到惊异，故选surprised。frightened恐惊的；amused愉悦的，感到好玩的；disappointed无望的。
9．B　由A few days later和his appeared greener可知。
10．A　keep one's word “信守诺言”，和前文父亲的promise相呼应。
11．D　依据文章倒数其次段中“The little boy didn't become a botanist.”可知，父亲说小男孩会成为植物学家。
12．C　第一段中小男孩不与同学交往和不回答问题，表明他悲观、不开朗不自信。 种树大事是他第一次有好运气，第一次成功，无疑对他起到乐观的作用，此前精神低落的状态渐渐转变。另外结合confident一词，应选optimistic。
13．B　recall回忆，想起。
14．A　依据once said和后句“Why not go to see his tree？”可知，小男孩回想起来生物老师说过植物一般在晚间生长(此为常识)，故选generally。
15．B　看到眼前的景象，小男孩马上明白了(恍然大悟), 是父亲在暗中挂念他给树浇水，故选understood。remember记得；wonder想知道；admit承认。
16．C　
17．A　well此处是动词，意为“(液体如泉般) 充盈，涌出”。小男孩被父亲的爱所感动，所以热泪盈眶。故选A。
18．D　表示转折关系，故选D。
19．A　小男孩和小树的共同点是都得到了关爱，故选A。
20．D　even though 即使；so long as 只要；if only要是……就好了；now that既然。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”. But this meaning does not tell us very much. Unlike the other disciplines（学科）,philosophy cannot be defined by what you study ,because it is actually unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士学位）of Philosophy (Ph. D.) in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology.
Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of argument and critical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning .The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and period in the development of philosophy.
Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for understanding other disciplines. Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relation to other discoveries. And through the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.
There are a number of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important form a large quantity of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for position of responsibility, management and leadership later on. It is very shortsighted after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job. The useful skills developed through the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict.
1.According to Paragraph 1. Philosophy can best be described as the study of .
A.social sciences B.natural sciences
C.both social and natural sciences D.the subject matter of politics
2With the study of philosophy, you can .
A.become a great leader B.succeed in everything
C.find a good job soon after graduation D.make progress in your career development
3.According to the passage, which of the follwing statements is TRUE?
A.Philosophy is an independent discipline.
B.Logic helps you to become a better thinker.
C.The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.
D.The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.
4. From the passage, we can conclude
A.not all the subjects have to do with philosophy
B.a person will get a Ph. D. if he/she studies philosophy
C.philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects
D.philosophy is the only solution to all the problems in the world
【参考答案】C D B C

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
The question of what children learn, and how they should learn, is continually being debated and redebated. Nobody dares any longer to defend the old system, the learning of lessons parrot-fashion, the grammar-with-a-whip system, which was good enough for our grandparents. The theories of modem psychology have stepped in to argue that we must understand the need of children. Children are not just small adults; they are children who must be respected as much.
Well, you may say, this is as it should be, a good idea. But think further. What happens? "Education" becomes the responsibility not of teachers, but of psychologists (心里学家). What happens then? Teachers worry too much about the psychological implications (示意) of their lessons, and forget about the subjects themselves. If a child dislikes a lesson, the teacher feels that it is his fault, not the child’s. So teachers worry whether history is "relevant" to modern young children. And do they dare to recount stories about violence? Or will this make the children themselves violent? Can they tell their classes about children of different races, or will this encourage racial hatred? Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Verbal expression is better. Sums? Arithmetic? No: Real-life mathematical situations are more understandable.
You see, you can go too far. Influenced by educational theorists, who have nothing better to do than to write books about their ideas, teachers leave their teacher-training colleges filled with grand, psychological ideas about children and their needs. They make elaborate, sophisticated (精致的，简洁的) preparations and try out their "modem methods" on the long-suffering children. Since one "modem method" rapidly replaces another the poor kids will have had a good bellyful by the time they leave school. Frequently the modem methods are so sophisticated that they fail to be understood by the teachers, let alone the children; even more often, the relaxed discipline so essential for the " informal" feelings the class must have, prevents all but a handful of children from learning anything.
1. People do not dare defend the old system mainly because under the old system________.
A. too much grammar was taught to children
B. children were spoiled (宠坏)
C. children were treated as grown-ups
D. children were made to learn passively(被动的)
2. What view do the modem psychologists hold?
A. Children must be understood and respected.
B. Children are small adults and know what they need.
C. Children are better off without learning lessons.
D. Education of children is the responsibility of psychologists.
3. What happens when teachers pay too much attention to the psychology of their lessons?
A. They find that the children dislike the lessons.
B. They tend to blame students for their failure.
C. They do not pay enough attention to the actual lessons.
D. They no longer want to teach children history.
4. Grammatical sentences are regarded as unimportant because ________.
A. it is better to use verbs only
B. words are said out of natural feelings only
C. talking freely and naturally without sentences is a better form of expression
D. it is felt that formal grammar rules might cause unnatural expressions
5. According to the passage, the modern methods are understood by ________.
A. neither teachers nor pupils
B. only a handful of teachers and pupils
C. the more sophisticated teachers
D. everyone who enjoys the relaxed discipline of the informal classes。
【答案与解析】
1. D 推断题。由第一段其次句“鹦鹉学舌般地课文学习、附带鞭子的语法教学”可知，这种学习孩子格外被动。
2. A 细节题。由第一段最终一句可知：我们必需懂得孩子们的需要，还要敬重孩子们。
3. C 细节题。由其次段中“老师过多担忧功课的心理示意，忽视了功课本身”可知。
4. B 推断题。由其次段中Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Verbal expression is better可推断出。
5. A 细节题。由最终一段中Frequently the modem methods…fail to be understood by the teachers，let alone the children可知。