【四川】2020版英语《高考专题辅导》专题检测卷(二十一)-阅读理解-第一节.docx

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专题检测卷(二十一)
阅读理解　第一节
(建议用时: 30分钟)
A
体裁
说明文
题材
消息的传播
词数
387
　　Bad news travels fast—when you watch the evening news or read the morning papers, it seems that things that get the most coverage are all tragedies like wars, earthquakes, floods, fires and murders.
This is the classic rule for mass media. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling, ”Jonah Berger, a psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania, the US, told The New York Times.
But with social media getting increasingly popular, information is now being spread in different ways, and researchers are discovering new rules - good news can actually spread faster and farther than disasters and other sad stories.
Berger and his colleague Katherine Milkman looked at thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website and analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months.
One of his findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list. Those stories aroused feelings of awe and made the readers want to share this positive emotion with others.
Besides science stories, readers were also found to be likely to share articles that were exciting or funny. “The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, ”Berger wrote in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On. For example, “stories about newcomers falling in love with New York City”, he writes, tend to be shared more than “the death of a popular zookeeper”.
The difference between the two is due to the fact that the mass media prefers news that gets attention, while when you share a story with your friends “you care a lot more about how they react”, Berger explained.
But does all this good news actually make the audience feel better? Not necessarily.
According to a study by researchers at Harvard University, people tend to say more positive things about themselves when they’re talking to a bigger audience, rather than just one person, which helps explain all the perfect vacations that keep showing up on micro blogs. This, researchers found, makes people think that life is unfair and that they’re less happy than their “friends” .
But no worries. There’s a quick and easy way to relieve the depression you get from viewing other people’s seemingly perfect lives - turn on the television and watch the news. There is always someone doing worse than you are.
1. Why do mass media like to report bad news according to the article?
A. They want to attract the attention of readers.
B. They care a lot about how readers react.
C. They think bad news spreads faster than good news.
D. They want to show concern for people in disaster-hit areas.
2. Which of the following is TRUE about Berger’s and his colleague’s study?
A. They found that articles on science are more likely to be shared.
B. Sad news tended to arouse the audience’s feelings of awe and sympathy.
C. It was aimed at finding out whether mass media should cover more tragedies.
D. Good news usually helps the audience relieve their negative emotions.
3. We can conclude from the last three paragraphs that　　　.
A. watching news is good for people’s health
B. people shouldn’t be jealous of their friends
C. sharing good news with friends will double your happiness
D. people might not be as happy as they suggest on their micro blogs
4. What’s the article mainly about?
A. Why bad news is covered most often.
B. Why good news spreads faster than bad news.
C. How people react differently to bad and good news.
D. Which kind of news makes the audience feel better.
B
体裁
广告
题材
介绍图书
词数
443
　　New Annotated Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle
Price: ￡28. 00
Publication Date: 30/11/2010
Publisher’s Description:
Collect Doyle’s fifty-six classic short stories, arranged in the order in which they appeared in late-nineteenth-and-early-twentieth-century book editions, in a set complemented by four novels, editor biographies of Doyle, Holmes, and Watson as well as literary and cultural details about Victorian society.
Breaking Ground by Daniel Libeskind
Price: ￡16. 00
Publication Date: 11/10/2010
Brief Description:
This is a book about the adventure life that can offer each of us if we seize it, and about the powerful forces of tragedy, memory and hope. For Daniel Libeskind, life’s adventure has been through architecture, which he has found has the power to reshape human experience. Although often relating to the past, his buildings are about the future. This biology of one man’s journey brings together history, personal experience, our physical environment and a fresh international vision.
In the Shadow of No Towers by Art Spiegelman
Price: ￡16. 00
Publication Date: 02/09/2010
Brief Description:
On 11th September 2001, Art Spiegelman raced to the World Trade Center, not knowing if his daughter Nadja was alive or dead. Once she was found safe—in her school at the foot of the burning towers—he returned home, to mediate(反省)on the trauma(创伤), and to work on a comic strip(连环漫画). In the Shadow of No Towers is New Yorker Art Spiegelman’s extraordinary account of “the hijacking(劫机)on 9. 11 and the following hijacking of those events” by America.
Light on Snow by Anita Shreve
Price: ￡14. 00
Publication Date: 07/10/2006
Publisher’s Description:
This is the 11th novel by Anita Shreve, the critically accepted bestseller. A moving story of love and courage and tragedy and of the ways in which the human heart always seeks to heal itself.
Last Child in the Woods by Richard Louv
Price: ￡20. 99
Publication Date: 11/08/2010
Brief Description:
Camping in the garden, riding bikes through the woods, climbing trees, picking wildflowers, running through piles of autumn leaves. . . these are the things childhood memories are made of. But for a whole generation of today’s children the pleasures of a free-range childhood are missing, and their indoor habits contribute to obesity, attention disorder and childhood depression. This book shows how our children have become increasingly distanced from nature, why this matters and how we can make a difference. Richard Louv is chairman of the Children and Nature Network and co-chair of the National Forum on Children and Nature. He is the author of seven other books and has written for newspapers and magazines including the New York Times and the Washington Post.
5. If one wants to know something about Victorian society, he or she may read　　　.
A. Light on Snow
B. In the Shadow of No Towers

C. Breaking Ground
D. New Annotated Sherlock Holmes
6. Which of the following refers to tragedies?
A. Light on Snow& Breaking Ground
B. Light on Snow &In the Shadow of No Towers
C. In the Shadow of No Towers &Breaking Ground
D. New Annotated Sherlock Holmes &In the Shadow of No Towers
7. Which book is based on a real big event?
A. Breaking Ground
B. In the Shadow of No Towers
C. Light on Snow
D. Last Child in The Woods
8. Who has also written for newspapers and magazines according to the text?
A. Arthur Conan Doyle　　　
B. Daniel Libeskind
C. Art Spiegelman
D. Richard Louv

C
体裁
新闻报道
题材
陨石降落带来的
危害
词数
323
　　CHELYABINSK, Russia—A meteorite(陨石)moved quickly across the sky and exploded over central Russia on Feb. 15, 2021, raining fireballs over a vast area and causing a shock wave that smashed windows, damaged buildings and injured 1, 200 people.
People heading to work in Chelyabinsk heard what sounded like an explosion, saw a bright light and then felt the shock wave, according to a Reuter’s journalist in the industrial city 1, 500 km(950 miles)east of Moscow.
The fireball, travelling at a speed of 30 km(19 miles)per second according to Russian space agency Roscosmos, had blazed(燃烧)across the horizon, leaving a long white trail that could be seen as far as 200 km(125 miles)away. Car alarms went off, thousands of windows were broken and mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time. The Interior Ministry said the meteorite explosion, a very rare spectacle, also released a great explosive sound.
“I was driving to work. It was quite dark, but it suddenly became as bright as if it were day. ”said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident of Yekaterinburg in the Urals Mountains. “I felt like I was blinded by headlights. ”
The meteorite, which weighed about 10 tons and may have been made of iron, entered the Earth’s atmosphere and broke apart 30-50 km(19-31 miles)above ground according to Russia’s Academy of Sciences.
The energy released when it entered the Earth’s atmosphere was equal to a few kilo tons, the power of a small atomic weapon exploding, the academy said.
No deaths were reported but the Emergencies Ministry said 20, 000 rescue and clean-up workers were sent to Urals Region after President Vladimir Putin told Emergencies Minister Vladimir Puchkov to ease and help the victims.
The Interior Ministry said about 1 200 people had been injured, at least 200 of them children, and most from broken pieces of glass.
9. What do we learn about the meteorite from the passage?
A. It is a very huge ball made of iron.
B. It quickly broke apart on the ground.
C. It exploded over Russia’s Urals Region.
D. It’s similar to an A-bomb in weight.
10. The underlined word “smashed”(in Para. 1)is closest in meaning to“　　　　”.
A. broke　　B. melted　　C. swallowed　D. cleared
11. We can know from the passage that　　　　.
A. Moscow is 1, 500 kilometers away from the east of Chelyabinsk
B. many houses were destroyed, with lots of people reported missing
C. Viktor Prokofiev became blind after seeing the rare spectacle
D. the shock wave briefly influenced the mobile phone networks
12. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage?
A. “Meteorite Rush” Begins in Russia
B. President Putin Orders Assistance
C. Meteorite Hits Russia, 1, 200 Hurt
D. Meteorite Flies Quickly Across Russia
【拓展训练】
阅读A篇文章, 回答下列问题。
1. According to the passage, why do readers prefer science articles? (no more than 15 words)
____________________________________________________________________
2. What does Paragraph 9 mainly tell about? (no more than 8 words)
____________________________________________________________________

答案解析
　　【文章大意】介绍新的争辩发觉人们乐于传播好的正面的消息, 并分析了其中的缘由。
1. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。依据其次段的“They want your eyeballs”和第七段的“the mass media prefers news that gets attention”可以得知答案。
2. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第五段可以得此答案。B、C、D文中都没有提到。
3.【解析】选D。推理推断题。最终三段的大意是: 面对更多人的时候, 人们倾向于共享自己更乐观正面的东西, 所以在微博上呈现的一般都是假期过得多么完善等, 但是共享这种欢快可能会让他们的伴侣们觉得生活不公正或者感觉自己不欢快。
4. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。这篇文章的中心内容是介绍新的争辩发觉人们乐于传播好的正面的消息, 并分析了其中的缘由, 故选B。
　　【文章大意】本文是几本书的广告, 介绍了作者, 出版日期, 价格方面的信息和书的梗概。
5. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第一则广告的句子: Watson as well as literary and cultural details about Victorian society可知想知道维多利亚社会的人应当读New Annotated Sherlock Holmes。
6. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。从其次则广告的句子: about the powerful forces of tragedy和第四则广告的句子: A moving story of love and courage and tragedy可知选A。
7. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第三则广告的句子: In the Shadow of No Towers is New Yorker Art Spiegelman’s extraordinary account of “the hijacking on 9. 11 and the following hijacking of those events” by America. 可知这本书是以真实的大大事为基础的。
8. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。从最终一则广告的句子: He is the author of seven other books and has written for newspapers and magazines including the New York Times and the Washington Post. 可知Richard Louv也为报纸和杂志写文章。
　　【文章大意】一颗陨石在俄罗斯的上空爆炸, 虽没有造成死亡, 但其威力巨大, 也带来不少损害。
9. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。依据第四段可知, 目击者Viktor Prokofiev是当地居民, 可推知陨石在俄罗斯的Urals Region上空爆炸。
10. 【解析】选A。词义猜想题。依据第三段陨石在爆炸降落过程中带来的地面的反应: thousands of windows were broken可推知选A项。
11. 【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据其次段的内容可知Chelyabinsk位于Moscow东部, A项错误; 依据最终两段可知并没有人失踪, B项错误; 依据第四段中I felt like I was blinded by headlights. 可知C项错误; 依据第三段中的mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time可知D项正确。
12. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文是新闻报道, 其主题一般都会在第一段呈现出来, 所以依据第一段的内容可知主要讲了陨石的降落给俄罗斯带来的危害, 故选C项。
【拓展训练】
1. Because they aroused feelings of awe and made readers share this positive emotion.
2. Good news may make others worse.
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