2021年高考英语考点总动员系列-专题05-动词和动词短语(解析版).docx

【母题再现】
题型介绍：
动词短语和动词词义辨析考点，是英语高考必考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有：动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析。
命题形式：
本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.单选填空（毁灭在自主命题区）；2.完形填空。
高考选题：
题型1：
【2022·天津卷】9. My parents always _______ great importance to my getting a good education.
A. have B. attach C. accept D. pay
题型2：
【2022·江西卷】27. Anyway, we’re here now, so let’s ___some serious work.
A. come up with B. get down to C. do away with D. live up to
题型3：【2022·山东卷】完形填空
Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age five with her family. While 21 her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(an) 22 in medicine. At 18 she married and 23 a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a 24 . Her husband supported her decision.
25 , Canadian medical schools did not 26 women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study 27 at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to 28 her medical degree.
Upon graduation, Charlotte 29 to Montreal and set up a private 30 . Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a 31 doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte 32 herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 33 bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.
But Charlotte had been practicing without a license. She had 34 a doctor’s license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was 35 . The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to 36 her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to 37 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. So in 1887, she appeared to the Manitoba Legislature to 38 a license to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte 39 to practice without a license until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.
In 1993, 77 years after her 40 , a medical license was issued to Charlotte. This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman.”
【小题1】21. A. raising B. teaching C. nursing D. missing
【小题2】22. A. habit B. interest C. opinion D. voice
【小题3】23. A. invented B. selected C. offered D. started
【小题4】24. A. doctor B. musician C. lawyer D. physicist
【小题5】25. A. Besides B. Unfortunately C. Otherwise D. Eventually
【小题6】26. A. hire B. entertain C. trust D. accept
【小题7】27 A. history B. physics C. medicine D. law
【小题8】28. A. improve B. save C. design D. earn
【小题9】29. A. returned B. escaped C. spread D. wandered
【小题10】30. A. school B. museum C. clinic D. lab
【小题11】31. A. busy B. wealthy C. greedy D. lucky
【小题12】32. A. helped B. found C. troubled D. imagined
【小题13】33. A. harmful B. tired C. broken D. weak
【小题14】34. A. put away B. taken over C. turned in D. applied for
【小题15】35. A. punished B. refused C. blamed D. fired
【小题16】36. A. display B. change C. preview D. complete
【小题17】37. A. leave B. charge C. test D. cure
【小题18】38. A. sell B. donate C. issue D. show
【小题19】39. A. continued B. promised C. pretended D. dreamed
【小题20】40. A. birth B. death C. wedding D. graduation

点评：本题有11出考查动词及动词短语的辨析。
解题技巧：
动词短语和动词词义辨析是高考的必考点。在高考试题中常以1.单项填空；2.完形填空。
解答此类试题，可以从以下几个方面着手考虑：
动词及其词组的机敏运用是英语的特色之一，也是同学学习中的难点，因此每年均为测试的重点。在历年高考试题中动词所占的比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用。其考点主包括:
1、考查动词词义辨析。包括常见动词用法辨析，近义词辨析，词形相近词辨析，用法相近词辨析。
2、考查动词短语词义辨析。主要包括同根动词短语的辨析、同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析、 不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词+副词+介词”短语的辨析。在动词词组的测试中，绝大多数为基础动词，毁灭频率较高的词有：get，turn，make，put，go，give，break，cut，come，look，keep，bring，show，pick，hold，fall，carry，pull，catch，call，take等。高考对于动词短语的考查,除了考查动词短语基本含义辨析外,更留意动词短语的新义和引申意，如:polish抛光， 磨光（本意）→修正，文饰（引申）；sniff嗅，闻（本意）→鄙视地说，嗤之以鼻（引申）；stir移动，搅拌（本意）→煽动（引申）； break down发生故障，失灵，失效（本意）→坍塌；崩溃，瓦解，中断，中止（引申），同时还有“恸哭”之意； look into向里面看（本意）→调查；争辩（引申），同时还有“扫瞄”之意；再如：work out的基本词义为“解决；算出；制定出”，较生词义为“熬炼”。
3、考查系动词、半系动词用法。动词作系动词用时，后面常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等，此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。这类动词有：appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste, prove, remain, stay, smell, grow, turn, go, come, fall, stand, lie, exist等。此外，一些无被动语态形式的“共性”动词也是学习的重点，如belong to（属于） ,witness（见证，目击）等。
2021年高考命题照旧会坚持结合语境考查考生对动词短语意义的理解和运用力气，尤其是动词短语的新义、动词的一词多义等
【考点揭秘】
高频考点一：考查动词词义辨析
【2022届广西桂林十八校其次次月考】—How much does this store often _______ for such large eggs ?
—Only $ 65 US cents a dozen . It was a real bargain.
A. demand B. cost C. pay D. charge
高频考点二：考查动词短语辨析
【2022届广西桂林十八中第六次月考】With the college entrance examination approaching，students should________to stay energetic.
A．work out B．pull out C．give out D．figure out
【直击高考】
动词和动词短语
1.【2022·全国大纲卷】31.Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music，but she ______ it with hard work.
A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with

2.【2022·天津卷】13. The two countries are going to meet to _______ some barriers to trade between them.
A. make up B. use up C. turn down D. break down
3. 【2022·浙江卷】19. How could you ______ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months.
   A. turn off           B. turn in                C.turn down          D. turn to
4. 【2022·浙江卷】9. No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can _____ when the unexpected will happen.
   A. prove               B. imply               C. demand             D. predict
5.【2022·江西卷】29. I don’t believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to __-me.
A. convince B. inform C. guarantee D. refuse

6.【2022·福建卷】25. It is widely acknowledged that students should be in terms of overall quality.
A. supported B. matched C. evaluated D. controlled
7.【2022·福建卷】33. As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.
A. catch sight of B. get hold of C. take charge of D. make mention of
8.【2022·湖北卷】Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill，but____ and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow.
A. slipped B. skied C. signalled D. sank
9.【2022·湖北卷】The old rules have to be _____because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.
A. developed B. established C. observed D. revised
10.【2022·湖北卷】I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can’t seem to_____.
A. get through B. get off C. get in D. get along
11.【2022·湖北卷】Is this your necklace, Mary? I____ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.
A. came across B. dealt with C. looked after D. went for
12.【2022·江苏卷】25. Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies.
A. chased B. registered C. offered D. compensated

13.【2022·江苏卷】30. —Dad, I don’t think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.
—I see. I’ll go right away and ________.
A. pay him back B. pay him off C. put him away D. put him off
14.【2022·江苏卷】33. Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the soul of Qu Yuan.
A. remember B. remind C. recover D. recall

15.【2022·陕西卷】18. Ralph W. Emerson would always ______ new ideas that occurred to him.
A. set off B. set about C. set up D. set down
16.【2022·安徽卷】26．Terry, please your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.
A. look up from B. look into
C. look back on D. look through
17.【2022·安徽卷】28．When the sports hero at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.
A. turned up B. left off
C. moved on D. got away
18.【2022·安徽卷】34．Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time.
A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted
19.【2022·浙江卷】7. Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried to _______ the pain, believing that it would go
   away sooner or later.
   A. share                B. realize              C. ignore               D. cause
【课后反馈】
夯实基础：
1．【2022届广西贵港市5月模拟冲刺】 Much of the work to _______ things _______ has happened in the browser, which people use to load a specific website quickly.
A. bring; out B. turn; down C. speed; up D. take; off
2．【2022届广西桂林中学2月考】 You can’t expect a baby to ________ your existing routine.
A. fit in with B. fit on C. fit up with D. fit in
3．【2022届广西南宁市马山中学12月考】Since the 1980s, the scientists have devoted themselves to the research _______ finding a new cure for the disease.
A. setting foot in B. ended up with C. starting with D. aimed at

4．【2022届广西桂林十八中第三次月考】 Believe it or not, one’s personality can be_______ by one’s hand writing.
A. resembled B. strengthened C. reflected D. shaped

5．【2022届浙江省金华十校4月模拟】15．As a leading producer of greenhouse gases, China the United States as the largest consumers of energy．
A．describes B．joins C．controls D．influences
力气拓展：
6．【2022届浙江省五校其次次联考】19. —I had the computers repaired yesterday.
—How much did they _________ for that?
A. cost B. spend C. take D. charge

7．【2022届浙江省五校其次次联考】13. A horrible thought _________ him when he was waiting for Tom in the airport: what if the plane from Malaysia had been hijacked（劫持）?
A. attacked B. struck C. beat D. occurred
8．【2022届江苏南京市、盐城市二模】31. I was once ashamed to admit my weakness, but now I have no such feeling and I________myself much discomfort.
A. bring B. offer C. save D. promise
9．【2022届广西南宁市马山中学12月考】 It has been raining every day so far. I hope tomorrow will ______ fine.
A. turn out B. turn over C. turn up D. turn into
10．【2022届广西柳州铁路一中9月考】Amazing! Too many private cars are trapped on the highways which is free of charge for the first time, causing heavy traffic jams, some even _______ for several hours.
A. held up B. broken up C. taken up D. given up
自我提升：
11．【2022届广西桂林十八校其次次月考】 You will be surprised how quickly you _____ the money , so it is worthwhile to make a plan in advance.
A. put away B. get through C. run out D. end up
12．【2022届广西桂林十八校第一次月考】25. After several rounds of the Voice of China Competition, Ji Ke Jun Yi _______ because of her excellent voice and performance.
A. put out B. picked out C. broke out D. stood out

13．【2022届江西省新余一中高三第十一次模拟考试试题】 Try not to cough more than you can_____since it may cause problems to your lungs.
A．help B．allow C．stop D．check
14．【2022届九江市高三其次次模拟统一考试试题】As soon as the gate was opened, the people around crowded into the supermarket and I got_____ from my friend.
A. divided B. separated C. lost D. missed
15．【2022届江西省南昌其次中学高三第一次月考英语试题】In the clinic, I asked if Michael could be retested, so the specialist tested him again. To my _36_, it was the same score.
Later that evening, I _37_ told Frank what I had learned that day. After talking it over, we agree that we knew our _38_ much better than an IQ test. We _39_ that Michael’s score must have been a _40_ and we should treat him _41_ as usual.
We moved to Indiana in 1962, and Michael studied at Concordia High School in the same year. He got _42_ grades in the school, especially _43_ biology and chemistry, which was a great comfort.
Michael _44_ Indiana University in 1965 as a pre-medical student, soon afterwards, his teachers permitted him to take more courses than _45_. In 1968, he was accepted by the School of Medicine, Yale University.
On graduation day in 1972, Frank and I _46_ the ceremony at Yale. After the ceremony, we told Michael about the _47_ IQ score he got when he was six. Since that day, Michael sometimes would look at us and say _48_, “My dear mom and dad never told me that I couldn’t be a doctor, not until after I graduated from medical school!” It is his special way of thanking us for the _49_ we had in him.
Interestingly, Michael then _50_ another IQ test. We went to the same clinic where he had _51_ the test eighteen years before. This time Michael scored 126, an increase of 36 points. A result like that was supposed to be _52_.
Children often do as _53_ as what adults, particularly parents and teachers, _54_ of them. That is, tell a child he is“ _55_”, and he may play the role of a foolish child.
【小题1】A. joy B. surprise C. disappointment D. dislike
【小题2】A. hopefully B. fearfully C. cheerfully D. tearfully
【小题3】A. student B. son C. friend D. doctor
【小题4】A. decided B. realized C. argued D. understood
【小题5】A. joke B. mistake C. warning D. wonder
【小题6】A. specially B. naturally C. strictly D. carefully
【小题7】A. poor B. average C. good D. standard
【小题8】A. in B. about C. of D. for
【小题9】A. visited B. chose C. passed D. entered
【小题10】A. allowed B. described C. required D. offered
【小题11】A. missed B. held C. delayed D. attended
【小题12】A. high B. same C. different D. low
【小题13】A. curiously B. eagerly C. jokingly D. calmly
【小题14】A. faith B. interest C. pride D. delight
【小题15】A. looked for B. asked for C. waited for D. prepared for
【小题16】A. received B. accepted C. organized D. discussed
【小题17】A. imperfect B. uncertain C. impossible D. unsatisfactory
【小题18】A. honestly B. well C. much D. bravely
【小题19】A. expect B. learn C. hear D. speak
【小题20】A. wise B. rude C. shy D. stupid

【名师小结】
在解答有关动词及动词短语的试题时，一是需要深刻理解句子的含义和动词词义；二是需要留意总结相像的动词和分类总结动词短语。