2021春《成才之路》人教英语必修3(四川专用)课时作业：unit-4-第2课时-.docx

Unit 4　 其次课时

Ⅰ.单项填空
1．________ the universe began with the “big bang” has been widely accepted.
A．Whether B．Why
C．That D．What
答案：C　句意：宇宙开头于“大爆炸”已被广泛接受。从句中意义完整，只需要引导词，故选C。
2．It has been proved ________ having a balanced diet helps to keep healthy.
A．if B．because
C．when D．that
答案：D　句意：据证明拥有一个均衡的饮食有助于保持健康。it为形式主语，后面从句为真正的主语，且从句意义完整，故选D。
3．________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A．If B．Whether
C．That D．Where
答案：B　由depends on the weather可知，此处应为“是否”之意，应用if或whether，而主语从句置于句首时只能用whether。故选B。
4．(2022·莱阳高一检测)________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A．There B．This
C．That D．It
答案：D　句意：英语正被接受成为国际性语言是一个事实。此处用it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。
5．________ made the parents proud was ________ their son had been admitted to a key university.
A．What; because B．What; that
C．That; what D．That; because
答案：B　第一个空用what引导主语从句，what在该从句中充当主语；was后为表语从句，该从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导，且不行省略。故选B。
6．It worried him a bit ________ his memory was becoming worse.
A．while B．that
C．if D．what
答案：B　it为形式主语，真正的主语从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导主语从句，且不行省略。
7．(2022·九江高一检测)________ their flight will arrive on time is ________ they are concerned about.
A．Whether; what B．Whether; that
C．When; what D．How; that
答案：A　依据语境，主语从句应用whether引导，表示未定的事；what引导表语从句，在从句中作are concerned about的宾语。
8．________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
A．That B．What
C．Who D．Which
答案：B　主语从句缺少主语要用what引导。
9．When and why he came here ________ yet.
A．is not known B．are not known
C．has not known D．have not been known
答案：A　句意：他什么时候以及为什么来这儿还不知道。when and why引导的从句作主语，谓语动词用单数，且不被知道，故选A。
10．He left home several days ago. ________ worries many people and is to be found out.
A．Where he has gone
B．Where did he go
C．Which place has he gone
D．Where has he gone
答案：A　考查从句的语序。这是一个主语从句，需使用陈述句语序。故选A。
11．(2022·烟台高一检测) Steve Jobs has gone but ______ he has left behind is truly extraordinary.
A．that B．why
C．what D．how
答案：C　分析句子结构可知，“________he has left behind”是主语从句，且关系代词在从句中作宾语，故选what。
12．(2022·天津，14)I think ________ impress me about his painting is the colours he uses.
A．what B．that
C．which D．who
答案：A　考查名词性从句。句意：我认为关于他的绘画让我印象深刻的是他使用的颜色。impresses缺少主语，故用what引导名词性从句；that引导名词性从句，不作成分。
13．(2022·泰安高一检测)__________ is known to all is ________ we won 38 gold medals in 2022 London Olympic Games.
A．It; that B．As; what
C．What; that D．That; what
答案C　句意：众所周知，2022年伦敦奥运会上我们赢得了38枚金牌。________is known to all是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，意为“所……的”，应由what引导；其次个is后的部分是表语从句，且从句表陈述意义，应由that引导，且不行省略。故选C。
14．________ seems to be no possibility ________ Li Hua can win the first prize in the 100­meter race.
A．It; that B．There; that
C．There; whether D．It; whether
答案：B　There seems to be是固定表达；其次个空填that，引导同位语从句补充说明possibility的具体内容。故选B。
15．Why and how he came here ________ yet.
A．is not known B．are not known
C．has not known D．have not been known
答案：A　句意：他为什么及如何来这儿还不知道。Why and how引导的从句主语，谓语动词用单数，且不被知道，故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class. In the past 15 years，__1__have reported well over 100__2__that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference(干扰). The__3__of this interference remains unconfirmed，__4__increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers, radios and cassette players and mobile telephones.
RTCA, an organization which__5__the aviation industry, has recommended that__6__airlines ban such electronic devices from being used__7__“critical”stages of flight，__8__take­off and landing. Some experts have gone further，__9__for a total ban during all flights. Currently, rules on using these devices are__10__up to individual airlines. And although some airlines prohibit(禁止)passengers from__11__such equipment during take­off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban. Many passengers want to work during flights.
The__12__is predicting how electromagnetic fields__13__affect an aircraft's computers. Experts__14__that portable devices emit radiation, which affects those wavelengths which__15__use for navigation and communication. But, they have not been able to__16__these effects in a laboratory; they have no__17__of knowing whether the interference might be__18__or not.
The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable(易受攻击)to interference__19__the risk that terrorist may use radio system in order to__20__navigation equipment.
1．A.drivers B．pilots
C．engineers D．conductors
答案：B　文章第一句已表明：当今航空公司面对的最大的平安威逼不是持枪的恐怖分子，而是手提电脑。所以对飞机上的这种事情最了解的应是飞行员，而不是A、C、D的那些人。
2．A.actions B．events
C．matters D．incidents
答案：D　此处指飞机上发生的这类事情。本题同样考查了词义辨析。incident指“较小的大事，插曲，小故事”，action是“(实行的)行动”之意，event是“大大事”，matter指“问题，事情，或麻烦事”等，均不合适。
3．A.reason B．effect
C．source D．story

答案：C　依据下句话得知“手提电脑，移动电话”等这些电子装置应是“干扰源”，而不是受干扰的结果，受干扰的应当是飞机。reason不合适是由于reason接for而不接of，表示“……的缘由”。
4．A.and B．for
C．but D．so
答案：C　“没有确认”(unconfirmed)与“在增加”(increasing)中间应是转折关系，不是递进、因果关系，所以不选A、B、D。
5．A.advises B．persuades
C．ensures D．warns
答案：A　由于下文用了recommend(劝告)一词，所以这个组织应当是向航空工业提建议的一个组织，这样才前后全都
6．A.some B．several
C．all D．no
答案：C　由于这种电磁的(electromagnetic)干扰对飞机航空的平安造成最大的威逼，所以应当是全部的飞机都要有这样的禁令。
7．A.for B．with
C．by D．during
答案：D　此处指飞机在飞行期间的一些对技术设备要求严格、要求高的时期，确定要严禁使用此类装置，例如：起飞、降落等。critical原意为“挑剔的，紧要危急的”，在此略有转义；stage原意“舞台”，此处意指“阶段，时期”，所以用during。
8．A.particularly B．specially
C．unfortunately D．possibly
答案：A　据上面解释，特殊是起飞时。
9．A.looking B．calling
C．waiting D．asking
答案：B　有些专家要求更高，要求在飞行期间要禁用：call for意为“需要，要求”；ask for意为“要，索取”。
10．A.put B．left
C．given D．sent
答案：B　表示目前使用这些设置的法规都留了下来，由那些individual airlines自己打算，由于下文有表达：很多乘客还是想在飞机上办公。
11．A.carrying B．taking
C．fixing D．using
答案：D　这种装置可以携带，不能使用，一旦使用会产生电磁效应干扰，所以选D。禁止使用，而不是禁止携带，fix是“安装”，一般没有人特地上飞机安装。
12．A.possibility B．difficulty
C．necessity D．idea
答案：B　推断出电磁效应是如何影响飞机的计算机，这在目前是件难事，假如不难，科学家能解决，就不必有禁令了，所以选difficulty。
13．A.must B．should
C．need D．might
答案：D　表示“可能”。由于拿不准，所以用might表示可能，语气轻。
14．A.know B．tell
C．guess D．think
答案：A　这些手提装置已广为人们所用，所以科学家是“知道”，而不是“猜”或“认为”，tell后缺少sb。
15．A.aircrafts B．trains
C．ships D．cars
答案：A　该文讲的都是航空，选A(飞机，飞行器)。
16．A.restudy B．retell
C．reproduce D．renew
答案：C　该句主语为they，指的是那些有电磁效应的装置，因此不选A、B。选项C表义为“再现”；而renew意为“更新，重新开头”。
17．A.key B．way
C．step D．trick
答案：B　由于这些装置在试验室里那些干扰还未能再现，所以科学家们就没有方法(have no way of doing)得知这种干扰是否危急。
18．A.dangerous B．strong
C．helpful D．useful
答案：A　全文叙述的是电子产品的电磁干扰对飞机平安性的威逼，本空用dangerous点明主题。
19．A.faces B．raises
C．runs D．takes
答案：B　飞机简洁受干扰攻击的这一事实增加了恐怖分子冒险利用无线电系统破坏航空设备的可能性。依据最终一句话及全文的整体意思，说明飞机对干扰是格外敏感的，因此此类装置对犯罪分子破坏飞机装备的可能性就增加了。
20．A.repair B．guide
C．defend D．destroy
答案：D　恐怖分子只会冒险破坏，而不会去修理、引导等。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
The earth is the only planet that scientists think has life. Why does the earth have life while the other planets don't? For one thing, the earth is just the right temperature. As the_third_planet from the sun，the earth seems to be just the right distance away. The planets which are closer to the sun are so hot that their surfaces bake(烘烤)in the sun. The farthest planets are cold balls.
When the earth developed—which scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years ago—many gases covered the earth. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something wonderful happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard for a very long time. This gave the earth its oceans. Water made it possible for plants to grow. The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere. Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe.
Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth. That planet is Mars (火星). Mars is smaller than the earth，and it is quite a bit cooler. But it is not too cold for humans. On some days, the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern United States. If you wore a special spacesuit, you could walk around on Mars. You would have to bring your own air to breathe，because the air on Mars is too thin to breathe.
Mars has the largest volcano(火山)in the solar system. It is sixteen miles high. The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high. The most unexpected(未预料到的)sight on Mars is dried­up river beds. Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now. Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars? Scientists are not sure, but there has been no sign so far.
文章大意：文章介绍了地球存在生命的缘由以及火星的状况。
1．Which of the following is NOT the reason that the earth has life?
A．The earth is just the right temperature.
B．The volcanos on the earth are lower than those on Mars.
C．There is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth.
D．The earth seems to be just the right distance away from the sun.
答案：B　细节理解题。文中提到地球是可证明的唯一有生命存在的太阳系行星，其缘由包括地球温度合适、距太阳距离适中和大气里含有氧气等。B项火山与此无关。
2．The underlined phrase“the third planet”in the first paragraph refers to________.
A．the Sun B．the Moon
C．the Earth D．the Mars
答案：C　词义猜想题。依据第一段中内容可知距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球。
3．Which of the following about the Mars is NOT true?
A．There could have been living things on Mars.
B．Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system.
C．There is almost no oxygen in the air on Mars.
D．Mars is smaller than the earth，and it is quite a bit cooler.
答案：A　细节理解题。文章最终一段提到火星上有干枯的河床的迹象，但这一点并不能证明火星上存在生命，由于还没有生命迹象，故A项不正确。其他三项都与文章相符。
4．Which of the following is probably the best title for the passage?
A．The Earth
B．The Moon
C．Planets in the Solar System
D．Mars is Most Like the Earth
答案：D　主旨大意题。文章先说明地球上存在生命的缘由又对比了火星和地球，说明火星是与地球最相像的行星。D项做标题最为恰当。