2021届高考英语二轮复习提能专训-语法5-专题五-形容词、副词-Word版含解析.docx

提能专训(五).单句语法填空(形容词、副词)1My bicycle is not as _(rely) as it used to be, for the chain often locks on my way to school.答案：reliable解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：我的自行车没有以前那么靠得住了，由于在上学途中车链经常卡住。reliable意为“可依靠的，可信任的”。2What are these housewives talking about?They are discussing whether men are actually _ to housework or just too lazy.(relevant, allergic, native, accessible)答案：allergic解析：考查形容词辨析。答语意为：她们在谈论男人到底是真的厌烦做家务还是仅仅是他们太懒散。be allergic to表示“对反感”，符合句意。relevant表示“有关的”；native表示“当地的”；accessible表示“易进入的”。 3It is evident that there is a(n) _ increase in the ability of the students to express themselves under your careful instruction these days.(abundant, particular, accessible, definite)答案：definite解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：很明显，在你这些天的细心指导下，同学的自我表达力量有了肯定的提高。definite“肯定的”，符合句意。abundant大量的，充裕的；particular特殊的；accessible简洁理解的，可到达的。 4Her husbands birthday is coming. After a long thought, she plans to buy a _ wallet for him.(black leather small, small black leather, small leather black, black small leather)答案：small black leather解析：考查形容词的排序。句意：她丈夫的生日快要到了。经过长时间的考虑，她打算为他买个黑色的小皮夹。依据多个形容词作定语修饰同一名词的排列规律“限定描绘大长高，外形年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠”可知应选small black leather。5As Britains first and only female Prime Minister, Thatcher was famous for her _ style, and thus she was called the “Iron Lady”(constant, tough, rough, mild)答案：tough解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：作为英国的第一位也是唯一一位女首相，撒切尔以其强硬的风格而著称，因此她被称为“铁娘子”。constant始终如一的，持续不断的；tough强硬的；rough粗糙的，艰苦的；mild温存的。6Do you like Marys new hairstyle?Perfect! How much _(good) she looks with the curly short hair!答案：better解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：你宠爱玛丽的新发型吗？很棒！她一头卷曲的短发看上去好看多了。依据语境可知，玛丽现在的发型比以前的好看多了，故用比较级better。7With the word “PM2.5”_ appearing in media reports, people pay greater attention to it and seek health tips for smoggy days.(constantly, instantly, rarely, directly)答案：constantly解析：考查副词辨析。句意：随着“PM2.5”这个词频繁消灭在媒体的报道中，人们更加关注这个词，并查找应对烟雾天气的健康建议。constantly经常地，不断地；instantly马上；rarely罕见地；directly直接地。依据句意可知应选constantly。8I cant tell you how much the precious painting is worth, but it is _(rough) assessed at $100 million.答案：rough解析：考查副词辨析。句意：我没法告知你这幅贵重的画值多少钱，但是它大致可估价1亿美元。roughly“大约，大致”。9People say Daniel is reliable and honest; _， I dont feel I can trust him.(instead, otherwise, somehow, though)答案：somehow解析：考查副词辨析。句意：人们都说丹尼尔诚恳牢靠，可我觉得就是不能信任他。somehow“不知怎么地，以某种方式”，符合句意。instead相反，而不是；otherwise否则；though不过。留意：though作副词时，通常放在句中或句尾表示“不过，可是”。10When the policeman stopped us, we all looked questioningly at him, _.(nervously and puzzled, nervous and puzzling, nervous and puzzled, nervously and puzzling)答案：nervous and puzzled解析：考查形容词作状语。此处为形容词作状语，表示主语的状态。11Cakes of this kind usually taste even _(good) if they are heated for 5 to 8 seconds in the microwave.答案：better解析：考查形容词的比较等级。句意：假如这种类型的蛋糕放在微波炉里加热5到8秒钟，通常会更好吃。依据句意可知，此处表示出较，故用形容词或者副词的比较级better。12In less developed countries the primary problem is providing_employment for the rapidly expanding urban populations.(sufficient, essential, alternative, convenient)答案：sufficient解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：欠发达国家的首要问题是为快速膨胀的城市人口供应足够多的就业机会。依据句意可知应选sufficient，表示“足够的，充分的”。13Seeing the coach nodding _(encourage) to her, the little dancer was no more nervous and went on with her performance.答案：encouragingly解析：考查副词辨析。句意：看到教练鼓舞地向她点头，小舞者不再紧急，连续表演。encouragingly“鼓舞地”。14I have worked with him for some time and have found that he is _ than John.(more efficiently a worker, a more efficient worker, more an efficient worker, a worker more efficiently)答案：a more efficient worker解析：考查了在含有than的比较级中名词的位置，即a/an比较级名词。15Mike was usually so careful，_ this time he made a small mistake.(yet, still, even, thus)答案：yet解析：句意：麦克通常很认真的，然而(yet)这次他犯了个小错误。still仍旧；even甚至；thus因此，均不符合语境，故排解。.阅读理解(史地人文类科普争辩类谈论说理类)AWith its 775 rooms, Buckingham Palace makes regular houses look tiny. Now home to Queen Elizabeth ， its been the British Monarchys official London digs since 1837. National Geographic Kids slipped behind the guarded gates to find the palaces coolest features.1. FANCY FEASTFor special dinners, a team of 21 chefs whips_up dishes that are served on solid gold plates. Even Her Majestys pet dogs receive meals of lamb and cabbage in silver bowls. Good thing the kitchen is well stockedthe Queen welcomes about 50,000 dining guests every year.2. CLASSY COACHThe Queens most attractive ride may be the Gold State Coach, parked in the palaces Royal Mews building and used in the crowning of a king or queen, since 1821. Covered with heavy gold, its pulled by eight horses.3. MOVIE NIGHTThe royal family hosts private screenings of movies in their very own cinema, sometimes seeing new films before they hit theaters.4. WHATS UP, DOC?Forget a medicine cabinet(药品柜). Buckingham Palace houses a doctor s office run by the Queens physician. And surgeons have even performed operations in other parts of the palace. In 1902, for instance, doctors operated on King Edward in a room facing the garden.5. BEDROOMSThe palace has 52 bedrooms. Rooms such as those inside the Belgian Suite contain chandeliers (枝形吊灯), goldgilded mirrors, fireplaces, canopy beds, and more.6. TOPSECRET TUNNELSRumor has it that secret underground tunnels connect the royal residence to other buildings in London. The paths were reportedly built during World War when enemy bombs regularly pounded the city. Weaving deep under Londons busy streets, the tunnels would have provided the royals safe passage during an attack. But even now officials wont reveal much about these undertheradar routes.1. The underlined part “whips up” probably means _.A. enjoys B. selectsC. cleans D. cooks2. According to the text, in Buckingham Palace _.A. there are eight horses altogetherB. stocks of food in the kitchen hardly run lowC. the Queens pet dogs are fed with simple mealsD. theres no suitable place to perform operations3. What do we know about the tunnels in Buckingham Palace?A. They are not wellprotected.B. They were heavily bombed.C. They are not open to the public.D. They are linked with other cities in Britain.答案：【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了有关白金汉宫的一些趣闻。1. D解析：词义猜想题。由后接的从句that are served on solid gold plates可知，前面应当是“烹调”的意思。2. B解析：细节理解题。由FANCY FEAST部分的Good thing the kitchen is well stockedthe Queen welcomes about 50,000 dining guests every year可知，白金汉宫的厨房食物储备充分。3. C解析：推理推断题。由文章最终一段中的But even now officials wont reveal much about these undertheradar routes可知，这些地下通道是不对公众开放的。B(2022哈尔滨第三中学模考)Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.One study involved sixtyeight healthy young women and men who ran at least twentyfour kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤脚的)Researchers from the JKM Technologies company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.The study appeared in the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Physical Medicine.The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heels. Harvards Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured. The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard website.4. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Walking in high heels could have fewer serious effects than running barefoot.B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.5. Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?A. Toes. B. Hips. C. Feet. D. Legs.6. What can we learn from the passage?A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.B. We should start running barefoot in no time.C. Running in modern running shoes could have more serious effects than running in high heels.D. We wont be injured if we run barefoot.7. What is the writers attitude towards the use of the modern running shoes?A. Persuasive. B. Negative.C. Objective. D. Supportive.答案：【语篇解读】两项新的争辩表明，穿着跑鞋跑步会增加跑步者受伤的风险，赤脚跑步反而可以避开这些损伤。4. D解析：主旨大意题。由文章的第一句及下文的争辩结果可知，两项新的争辩表明赤脚跑步可以避开奔跑带来的损伤，对跑步者有益。5. B解析：细节理解题。依据第四段的第一句“They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees，hips and ankle joints than running barefoot.”可知，穿跑鞋跑步可能会伤到臀部，应选择B。6. A解析：细节理解题。依据倒数第四段中的“But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heels.”可知，赤脚跑步的人常用脚尖或脚的中间部位着地，这样可以避开伤到脚跟，应选择A。7. C解析：态度推断题。本文作者只是客观地介绍了两项争辩结果，并没有对现代跑鞋的使用发表自己的看法，因此选择C。CI hear this from people all the time：“Its expensive to eat healthily.” To be clear, I understand that organic bread is a lot more expensive than Pop Tarts, but I also know that you cant put a price tag on your health or your life. I also know that the same people who tell me they cant afford to eat healthily are spending upwards of $30 a week on coffee, $6 or $7 for a pack of cigarettes, and at least $3 every day at the vending machine, but they cant afford to buy fresh fruit because its “too expensive”. Wake up, people!You are either going to spend your money at the grocery store or the doctors office. If you think buying a few extra bananas is expensive, try pricing out diabetes, cancer, heart disease, or any number of other diseases that can be controlled, or avoided through diet.Eating well and taking care of yourself is not a privilege reserved for the welloffits a right that everyone should exercise! Im not rich by any means, but I budget my money in such a way that I can afford to eat healthfully. Some weeks I may not be able to afford lots of organics and other specialty items, but I can always afford to throw a couple extra bananas and apples in my grocery cart, along with some vegetables and a dozen eggs.As a certified health coach, I work with so many people struggling with their health. When I tell them that the road to recovery can be found in their very own kitchens, they look so skeptical; thats because society wants us to believe that we have to buy a certain diet book, or invest in some fancy piece of gym equipment to make a change.There are so many things money cant buy, such as good health, longevity. Its time to focus on what your life depends on! Dont “cheap out” on your health. Start to make the investment today!8What can we learn by reading the first paragraph?AMost people have little money for healthy food.BCoffee costs almost the most in every family.CPeoples health awareness should be improved.DOrganic bread tastes far better than Pop Tarts.9Considering organic foods when shopping means _.Ayou are making a good investment in yourself B. you are burning too much money on foodCyou are making contributions to the environment D. you are informed of numbers of diseases10How does the author do in daily life?AHe lives a simple but meaningful life. BHe attaches importance to his health.C. He tends to eat fruits instead of foods. DHe spends money when necessary.11What is the main idea of the passage?AOrganic foods are sure to cost more money. BYour life is more important than your money.CFew people know how to make an investment. DIts really expensive to have healthy eating.答案：【语篇解读】就生命和金钱做一个选择，人们会选择要生命，但是在购买比较昂贵的健康蔬菜、食品时很多人感到踌躇不定。其实在健康上投资的人才是最大的赢家。8C解析：细节理解题。依据文章第一段的“$30 a week on coffee，$6 or $7 for a pack of cigarettes，and at least $3 every day at the vending machine”可知，很多人不是没有钱去买绿色食品，而是把钱花在很多对身体不健康的食物或饮料上。因此重要的是提高人们的健康意识，故选C项。9A解析：推理推断题。依据文章其次段可知，通过饮食可以把握或避开像糖尿病、癌症、心脏病等疾病。因此多选购绿色食品意味着给自己的健康投资。故选A项。10B解析：细节理解题。依据文章第三段的“budget my money in such a way that I can afford to eat healthfully”可知，作者在生活中，很留意健康饮食。故选B项。11B解析：主旨大意题。作者在文章中论述了在健康上多花点钱是值得的，健康饮食意味着削减疾病，因此生命比钱更重要。故选B项。.语法填空Fay: I cant decide whether to ask my son to attend a university here, _1_ allow to move to another city to go to school.Mark: What does he want to do?Fay: Hes not sure. There is an excellent prelaw program(法律预科课程)at a university in Troy, but thats three hours away. Well, he likes _2_ idea of studying there, but he has friends _3_ will stay here, and his girlfriend may stay here, too.Mark: Ha, ha. I forgot _4_ complicated these decisions can be! When I went to college, the only thing my parents and I took into _5_ (consider) was the program.Fay: I know! These days young people have such involved social lives! Maybe _6_ would be good for him to go to the school at Troy. He really wants to study law, and his grades are excellent. Im sure he _7_ (accept) there.Mark: That sounds likes a good plan. Hell grow up a lot _8_ (fast) if he moves away, you know! And I know your son will always stay _9_ touch with his parents. Hes a fine young man!Fay: Thanks, Mark. I always appreciate _10_ (talk) to you.1_2._3._4