2022高考英语完形类和阅读类训练(8)及答案.docx

完形填空。完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Charlie came from a poor village. His parents had __1__ money to send him to school when he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived next to him. He found the boy __2__ and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the boy could go to school. He studied hard and __3__ all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town. And he began to work.
Once Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon. The young man __4__ and several years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for her. He was good at cooking and he cooked __5__ for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day she found there was something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn’t at home and she had to go to __6__ at once. The doctors looked her over and told her __7__ eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid __8__ the doctor’s words and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. When she got home, she put the list on the table and __9__. When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat, sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. Charlie was busy __10__ there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, “I’ve bought all the food you like, dear!”

名师点评
本文叙述了查理为报答金先生生前对自己的大恩大德，在娶了金先生女儿为妻之后细心照料她，却导致妻子养分过剩而患病去医院检查。医生列出她不能吃的食物，深爱妻子的查理不明状况，反而照单为妻子买了上面的各种食物。
(A)1. A. no B. some C. much D. enough
【解析】A。查理家境贫困，父母没有钱资助他上学，故选no。
(B)2. A. lazy B. clever C. careful D. hard
【解析】B。依据下文，查理不负众望，说明他聪慧好学，故选clever。
(A)3. A. did well in B. was poor at C. was working D. was good for
【解析】A。查理学习刻苦，并顺当完成了学业，说明他各门功课成果较好，故选did well in。D选项介词用错，正确词组为was good at。
(C)4. A. was angry B. thought hard C. agreed D. said “No.”
【解析】C。依据下文查理娶了金先生女儿为妻并细心呵护她，说明查理同意了金先生的恳求，故选agreed。
(D)5. A. a little B. a few C. many D. a lot
解析】D。依据下文妻子胖得不能走路，说明她食物吃得多。此外食物为不行数名词，因此只能用a lot of来修饰。
(C)6. A. rest B. sleep C. hospital D. work
【解析】C。心脏不好，应去医院检查，下文指出为她检查的正是医生，故选hospital。
(D)7. A. should B. would C. to D. not to
【解析】D。由于她的病是因养分过剩引起的，医生应让她不要吃肉，糖果之类的食物，故选not to。
(B)8. A. to remember B. to forget C. to catch D. to teach
【解析】B。她可怕忘了医生的指示，因此将其写在纸上，故选to forget。
(B)9. A. slept B. went out C. cooked D. ate
【解析】B。与下文相对应，这里应填went out。
(C)10. A. reading B. seeing C. cooking D. writing
【解析】C。擅长烹饪的查理将菜买回之后，确定要忙着为爱妻做饭，故cooking为正确答案。

语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】
W: Now let's go back to your first novel, Rag Doll. When did you write__1__？
M: Rag Doll, yes. I wrote it in 1960, a year after I left school.
W: How old were you then?
M: Um, eighteen? Yes, eighteen, because a year later I went to Indonesia.
W: Mm. And of course it was your__2__(experience) in Indonesia that inspired your first film Eastern Moon.
M: Yes, that's right, although I didn't actually make Eastern Moon__3__1978.
W: And you worked in television for a time too?
M: Yes, I started making documentaries for television in 1973, when I was thirty. That was after I gave up farming.
W: Farming?
M: Yes, that's right. You see, I__4__(stay) in Indonesia for eight years. I met my wife there in 1965, and we came back and bought a farm__5__the west of England, in 1970. A kind of experiment，__6__(real)．
W: But you gave up three years later.
M Well, yes. You see it was very hard work, and I was also very busy__7__(work) on my second novel, the Cold Earth, __8__came out in 1975.
W: Yes, that was a best­seller，__9__it?
M: Yes, it was, and that's why only two years after that I was able to give__10__television work and fix my attention on films and that sort of thing. And after that…
1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______
6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______
答案： 1.it　2.experience　3.until　4.stayed　5.in　
6.really　7.working　8.which　9.wasn't　10.up

语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】
Once upon a time there was a rich merchant__1__had four wives. He loved the 4th wife the most. He took great care of her and gave her nothing__2__the best. He also loved the 3rd wife very much. He was very__3__(pride) of her and always wanted to show off her to his friends. He also loved his 2nd wife. She is__4__very considerate person, always patient and in fact is the merchant's close friend.__5__the merchant faced some problems, he always turned to his 2nd wife and__6__would always help him out and tide(挂念渡过) him__7__difficult times. Now, the merchant's 1st wife is a very loyal partner and has made great__8__(contribute) in maintaining his wealth and business as well as__9__(take) care of the household.__10__， the merchant did not love the first wife and although she loved him deeply, he hardly took notice of her.
1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______
6．______　7.______　8.______　9.　10.______
答案：1.who　2.but　3.proud　4.a　5.When/Whenever　
6.she　7.through/over　8.contributions　9.taking　10.However

【2021高考复习】阅读理解
Many of us still tend to think that emotions can affect reasonablethought，and sometimes land us in trouble.But in recent years psychologists have taken quite a different view.Keith Oatley，Professor of Psychology at Glasgow University，is involved in the research which shows the fundamental importance of emotions.
He believes we_are_very_ambivalent_about_them：we think of our emotions as being unreasonable，but we also consider them as essential to being human.For example，Mr Spock，a character in the television series Star Trek，is super­intelligent and he has no emotions at all.However，he is never made captain of the spaceship.Maybe，this is because Mr Spock is not the kind of person you can share your feelings with—a person who shows his emotions.
As Professor Oatley points out，our emotions have very important functions，for example，fear.If we cross the road and a car approaches，we usually stop moving or step back.We stop what we are doing，check what we have done and pay very careful attention to the environment.The emotion of fear makes us take this small series of actions which，on average，help preserve our safety.
On the other hand，if things are going well and small problems come up，we find we can solve them with the resources we have to hand.As a consequence，we tend to feel happy and usually continue doing the job.
Anger is an emotion that tends to occur when someone is preventing us from doing something.Then this small “kit” of reactions enables us to prepare ourselves to be quite aggressive to that person，or to try harder，and so on.
Professor Oatley believes emotions generally occur at these important moments in actions.With fear and anger our emotions make us decide to start doing something else，while with happiness they “suggest” we continue what we are already doing.
【语篇解读】　相关争辩表明，情感对人而言至关重要，不行或缺。
1．What’s Keith Oatley’s opinion about emotions?
A．They affect reasonable thought.
B．They get us into trouble.
C．They are helpful to us.
D．They are reasonable.
解析　细节理解题。依据文章第一段最终一句中的“which shows the fundamental importance of emotions”以及第三段中的“our emotions have very important functions”可知，Oatley认为情感对我们来说是有益的。
答案　C
2．What does the underlined part “we are very ambivalent about them” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．We have contradictory feelings towards emotions.
B．We have similar ideas of emotions.
C．We are quite clear about emotions.
D．We can do nothing about emotions.
解析　句意理解题。依据其次段中的“we think of our emotions as being unreasonable，but we also consider them as essential to being human”可知，我们认为我们的情感毫无道理，但对于我们人类来说，它是必不行少的，这足以说明我们的冲突心理。
答案　A
3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．Fear helps us to be careful about our surroundings.
B．Happiness inspires us to continue what we are doing.
C．Anger may urge us to make greater efforts.
D．Anger tends to do us more harm than good.
解析　细节理解题。本题可用排解法。依据第三段的内容可知A项正确；依据第四段的最终一句可知B项正确；依据第五段的最终一句可知C项正确。
答案　D
4．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．we must control our emotions in daily life
B．emotions play a more important part than we realize
C．positive emotions such as love and joy are good for us
D．negative emotions make us continue what we are doing
解析　推理推断题。依据文章最终一段的内容可推知，乐观的情感和消极的情感都发挥着比我们意识到的更重要的作用。
答案　B。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
After inventing dynamites(炸药), Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind. Originally there were five awards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine, and peace. Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first awards ceremony.
Nobel’s original legacy of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this sum is used for the awards which vary from $ 30,000 to $125,000.
Every year on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel’s death, the awards (gold medal, illuminated diploma, and money) are presented to the winners. Sometimes politics plays an important role in the judges’ decision. Americans have won numerous science awards, but relatively few literature prizes.
No awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare; others have shared their prizes. (from )
1. What did the first award ceremony take place?
A. 1895. B. 1901. C. 1962. D. 1968.
2. The Nobel prize was established to ________.
A. honor the inventor of dynamite B. recognize worthwhile contributions to humanity
C. resolve political differences D. spend money
3. In which area have Americans received the most awards?
A. Literature. B. Economics. C. Peace. D. Science.
4. Which of the following statement is NOT true?
A Awards vary in money value.
B. Ceremonies are held on December 10 to commemorate Nobel’s invention.
C. Politics can be of importance in selecting the winners.
D. A few individuals have won two awards.
1. B 计算题。依据文中第一段最终一句“Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first awards ceremony.”计算可得。
2. B 细节题。依据短文第一段其次句“…for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind”可得(from )。
3. D 细节题。依据短文第三段“Americans have won numerous science awards”一句可得。
4. D 事实推断题。依据短文第四段“Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare”一句推断可得。

人物传记型阅读理解。
Grace Kane hangs onto an Olympic dream of clinging to a granite (花岗岩) wall by her fingertips 70 feet from the ground.The fearless girl is only 10, but already has scaled great heights in the sport of rock climbing.
Last week, Kane won a bronze in the 11­and­younger sport class at the USA Climbing Youth National Championships in Atlanta.She was the only competitor of the 31 there with no climbing coach or top­flight facilities in which to train.Climbing will become an exhibition at the 2022 Rio de Janeiro Olympics in Brazil.The hope of enthusiasts is that the sport will gain full status in 2022.“I’m already training for that，” said
Kane.“Climbing is my passion, my love, and I want to make something of it.”
Her dad took her to climb rocks on her fourth birthday for the first time and today he can’t keep up with her.“It’s the freedom to let loose，” she said.“When I’m up there, I’m so focused and don’t hear anything.I always feel comforted knowing people are supporting me.”
The bronze in Atlanta qualified Kane for the USA team and November’s International Championships in Ecuador.That’s a trip she might have to miss because it’s too expensive.
Kane held a backyard music concert—she played the guitar and the piano and wrote inspirational songs—and raised $600 for her $1,500 trip to Atlanta.She’s also been
sponsored by a shoe company, but must rely heavily on donations from family and friends for travel expenses.
Her mom Heather Kane said the family has chosen “to do whatever we need to help her achieve her goals”．One of Grace’s biggest challenges is finding balance in her life.There’s school, her music and church to fit around climbing.
“Climbing is going to mean sacrificing things other kids might pursue，” Grace said.“But it doesn’t bother me.It’s like playing the piano; you can’t take a break or you’ll lose your touch.”
(　　)1.What would be the best title of the passage?
A．Rock climbing gains popularity
B．Grace Kane likes challenges
C．A young climber follows her dream
D．An amazing victory for a young rock climber
(　　)2.We can learn from the second paragraph that rock climbing ________.
A．is not an exhibition at the Olympics now
B．is an official event at the Olympics now
C．is not open to children
D．will gain full status in 2022
(　　)3.Which of the following is TRUE about Grace Kane?
A．She is only interested in rock climbing.
B．She is a girl with many talents.
C．Rock climbing has affected her study.
D．She has won gold medals in several matches.
(　　)4.One of Grace’s biggest challenges is to ________.
A．find a capable coach for her
B．get qualified for the USA team
C．raise enough money for International competitions
D．keep balance between rock climbing and other activities
(　　)5.What do we know about Grace Kane’s parents?
A．They are quite concerned about her studies.
B．They regretted allowing her to try rock climbing.
C．They will fully support their daughter’s pursuit.
D．They can fully afford her expenses in her competitions.
解析】1．C　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一个十岁的攀岩女孩，为了自己的爱好和幻想在奋斗。故选C。
　　2．A　细节理解题。从文章其次段可知，到2022年巴西里约热内卢奥运会上攀岩才会成为表演项目，所以它现在还不是一个正式项目。
　　3．B　推理推断题。从文章倒数第三段可知，Grace Kane多才多艺。
　　4．D　细节理解题。从文章倒数其次段可知，Grace Kane面临的最大挑战之一是如何在攀岩和学习以及其他爱好之间查找平衡。
　　5．C　细节理解题。从文章倒数其次段Her mom Heather Kane said the family has chosen “to do whatever we need to help her achieve her goals”．可知应选C项。