2022高考英语一轮讲练及答案(江苏牛津必修2—语法).docx

2022高考英语一轮讲练及答案（江苏牛津必修2—语法）
模块二 语法专练：动词时态和语态
【考点透视】
动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，而且测试的难度也在逐年加大。在单项填空题中，每年考查动词时态的题不少于两道，动词的语态常和时态放在一起考查。高考命题者常从三个角度进行命题：一是直接给定时间状语。考生能直接依据所给时间状语作出选择；二是给定时间状语，但所给时间状语有着较强的干扰性和迷惑性，考生不能直接依据时间状语作出选择；三是题干中不供应任何时间状语，而给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为简洁的句子，考生必需认真分析语境，才能作出正确推断。
一 动词的时态
在主动语态中，高中英语中常见的有12种时态。各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式见下表：

一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在
do / does
am / is/ are doing
have / has done
have / has been doing
过去
did
was / were doing
had done
had been doing
将来
shall / will do
shall/ will be doing
shall / will have done
/

要点点拨：
（一）现在进行时用法
1．状态性动词不用进行时态：
（1）be和have或者含有be 和have意义的动词。
（2）feel, sound, smell, taste等连系动词。
（3）hear, see, find等表示结果的动词。
（4）表示心理或情感状态的动词。
2．进行时态和副词always, forever等连用时，往往带有确定的感情颜色。

（二）一般过去时与过去进行时的区分：
1．过去进行时表示动作的未完成性、持续性，着眼于动作的过程；一般过去时表示动作的完成，即动作发生过，且已结束，着眼于结果。如：
She was writing a report last night and I don’t know if she has finished it.(表示昨晚始终在写)
She wrote a report last night.（表示昨晚写了，并且写好了）
2．过去进行时与always, forever等词连用表示确定的感情颜色。
He was always throwing things about. (表示不满或厌烦)

（三）将来时的几种表达：

A
B
C
D
be going to
表示“方案、打算、支配将要做的事”时，主语只能是人
说话人说话之前已考虑过的
主语是物时，表示说话人依据某种迹象主观推想可能发生的事
不能用于含有条件句的主句中
will
表示将要发生某事或主语的“意愿
说话人说话时刻才考虑到的
表示客观规律必定发生的
可用于含有条件句的主句或从句中表示“意愿”
be to
表示支配、方案要做的事
与其次人称连用，表示转述第三者的话
表示命令，相当于should / must
表示“能”、“该”、“想要”、“注定、不行避开”
be about to
表示动作马上发生；句中不能再加at once, immediately和表示具体时间的词语；常有“be about to…..when”结构；
还可用一般现在时、现在进行时表示将来发生的动作。

（四）将来进行时与将来完成时：
将来进行时表示将来某一时刻发生的动作，结构为：will / shall be +doing
将来完成时表示到将来某时刻某动作已发生，其结构为：will / shall have done，时间状语是by +表将来时间的词。
例如： I’ll be climbing the mountain this time the day after tomorrow.
By the time he graduates from the college, he will have learned three foreign languages.

（五）现在完成时及过去完成时的用法留意点：
1．瞬间性动词与连续性动词的正确使用：与how long, for, since等表示一段时间的状语连用时须用连续性动词，如：buy→have, keep→borrow, die→be dead, marry→be married, begin→be on, begin to know→know，leave→be away，catch a cold→ have a cold等。
2．留意have / had been to与have/ had gone to的区分。
3．现在完成时用在时间、条件等状语从句中，表示从句中的动作在主句动作前完成，例如：
If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go to the park.
4．by+过去时间状语用过去完成时。
5．有些动词的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或期望，这类动词为：think, plan, mean, intend, hope, expect, suppose等。例如：
I had intended to visit you yesterday, but the rain prevented me.

（六）现在/过去完成进行时的用法：
强调动作连续到说话时且还在进行，其结构：have (has) / had been doing
比较：They have repaired the road. (表示路已修好)
They have been repairing the road. （表示路还在修）
有时两者可替换：She has taught in this middle school for ten years.
She has been teaching in this school for ten years.
留意：完成进行时不行与瞬间性动词连用，如：finish, go, marry等；

（七）某些固定句型中时态是固定的：
This / That / It is the first time +从句（用现在完成时）
It’s / has been +一段时间since从句（用过去时）
Hardly / No sooner had sb. done when / than +从句（用过去时）
It will be +一段时间+before从句（用一般现在时）/ It was +一段时间+before从句（用过去时）
It’s time+从句（用过去时或should do）
would rather+从句（用一般过去时/过去完成时）

二 动词的语态
在被动语态中，各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式见下表：

一般
进行
完成
现在
am/ is/ are done
am/ is/ are being done
have/ has been done
过去
was/ were done
was/ were being done
had been done
将来
shall/ will be done
/
shall/ will have been done
留意：带有情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词 + be + 过去分词
应留意的若干状况：
1．动词sell, write, read, open, lock, shut, wear, wash, keep, cook, cut, burn, run等与well, smoothly, easily等连用时，说明主语内在的“性能”“特点用主动代替被动。
2．smell, taste, feel, sound, look, prove等表示状态特征的连系动词，用主动语态表示被动意义。
3．不及物动词及一些固定短语不能用被动语态：come up, run out（用完）, give out（耗尽）, go out（熄灭）, come out（出版）, come to light, belong to, break out, lose heart, die out, own, have, possess, happen, occur等。
4．当want, require, need作“需要”解，后接doing/ to be done作宾语，此时动词do与主语为动宾关系。
5．be worth后接doing作宾语，用主动形式表示被动意义。
6．不定式to let（出租）, to blame（该受责怪）表示被动意义。
7．在“主语+be+形容词（for sb.）+to do”结构中，to do用主动形式。

【题例精析】
【例1】 It seems water ______ from this tap for some time. We’ll have to take it apart to put it right. （2007南京模拟卷）
A. had leaked B. is leaking
C. leaked D. has been leaking
【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要精确把握句中的时间状语for some time所强调的时间段以及所使用的动词时态。
【要点精析】依据句中时间状语for some time以及后一分句的动词时态可知，选项动词动作强调到现在为止并仍在连续，故应排解选项A、C。由于选项B现在进行时不行与一段时间状语连用，所以排解选项B，选D现在完成进行时。
【答案】D

【例2】 —Don’t you feel surprised to see Bruce at the meeting?
—Yes. I really didn’t think she ________ here. （2006四川卷）
A. has been B. had been
C. would be D. would have been
【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是依据上下文语境精确理解选项动作所表达的时间发生点。
【要点精析】依据上下文语境可知，选项动作已在过去发生或完成。但依据I really didn’t think可以推断出从句中的动作是从过去某时间看将来要发生的事，故应选过去将来时。
【答案】C

【专项检测】
1. ―Is Paul playing both soccer and tennis for the school?
―He_______. But now he has given up playing tennis.
A. is B. has
C. was D. had
2. ―Look! It looks as if it _______ going to rain. We must hurry.
―OK.
A. was B. is
C. were D. will be
3. ―Isn’t it hard to drive downtown to work?
—Yes, that’s why I ________ to work by train.
A. have been going B. have gone
C. was going D. will have gone
4. —Look! Someone has spilt coffee on the carpet.
—Well, it ________ me.
A. isn’t B. wasn’t
C. hasn’t been D. hadn’t been
5. —I’ve bought a box of chocolates for our daughter.
—Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things. ________ that?
A. Don’t you know B. Haven’t you known
C. Didn’t you know D. Hadn’t you known
6. — Hello, Jim. I________ to see you today. Sonia said you ________ ill.
—Oh, I’m OK.
A. don’t expect; were B. haven’t expected; are
C. am not expecting; are D. didn’t expect; were
7. — Look! How long ________ like this?
—Three weeks! It’s usual here that rain _______ without stopping these days of the year.
A. has it rained; pours B. has it been raining; pours
C. is it raining; is pouring D. does it rain; pours
8. Our team was ahead during the first half, but we ________ in the last ten minutes.
A. had lost B. would lose
C. were losing D. lost
9. You needn’t hurry her; she _______ it by the time you are ready.
A. will have finished B. will finish
C. will be finishing D. has finished
10. —Who is the old man talking with your teacher?
—I don’t know. I _________ him before.
A. was never seeing B. had never seen
C. never saw D. wouldn’t see
11. —Tom came back home the day before yesterday.
— Really? Where __________ at all?
A. had he been B. has he been
C. had he gone D. has he gone
12.—Can I help you, Madam?
— No, thanks. I_______.
A. have just looked around B. just look around
C. just looked around D. am just looking around
13. —I haven’t seen you for ages. Where have you been?
— I _______ on leave in Europe.
A. have been B. am
C. was D. had been
14. —Have you heard from Janet recently?
—No, but I ______ her over Christmas.
A. saw B. will be seeing
C. have seen D. have been seeing
15. —What were you up to when she dropped in?
—I _________ for a while and __________ some reading.
A. was playing; was going to do B. played; did
C. had played; was going to do D. had played; did
16. He was hoping to go abroad; but his parents __________ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.
A. were deciding B. have decided
C. decided D. will decide
17. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _______ each year.
A. is washing away B. is being washed away
C. are washing away D. are being washed away
18. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I __________ half of it.
A. was missing B. had missed
C. will miss D. missed
19. The news came as no surprise to me. I ______ for some time that the factory was going to shut down.
A. had known B. knew
C. have known D. know
20. One of them told me, “This is the first time I ________ to the capital to attend the flag-raising ceremony.”
A. came B. come
C. have come D. had come
21. ―Do you have anything to do this afternoon?
―What’s up?
―Let’s go shopping. It’s said that Jinying Shop _ and all the sweaters are sold at half price.
―Why not?
A. has closed down B. was closing down
C. closes down D. is closing down
22. ―What about 10 o’clock tomorrow morning?
―I’m afraid I can’t make it. I _________ then.
A. am going to take an exam B. am taking an exam

C. will be taking an exam D. an to take an exam
23. ―What’s the matter? You look worried and restless.
―Oh, nothing really serious. As a matter of fact, I ______ of my graduation thesis. I have to hand it in soon.
A. am just thinking B. just thought
C. have just thought D. was just thinking
24. ―Twenty dollars, please!
― How terrible!―I ________ to bring my wallet with me.
A. was forgetting B. forgot
C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
25. My money_____, I must go to the bank to draw some of the savings out before I have none in hand.
A. has run out B. has been run out
C. is running out D. is being run out
26. ―What were you doing when I called you yesterday afternoon?
―I ________ my homework and I was starting to take a bath.
A. had just finished B. was finished
C. have already finished D. was going to finish
27. ―__ for Beijing?
―Yes. And I’ll come back in three months.
A. Have you left B. Are you leaving
C. Do you leave D. Did you leave
28. ―Why? Where is the key to the sound lab?
―Dear me! You _______ it in the taxi！
A. have never left B. never left
C. haven’t left D. didn’t leave
29. ―Was the doctor there when you arrived?
―Yes, but he ______ out a moment later.
A. had gone B. has gone
C. went D. is going
30. In warm weather fruit and meat ________ long.
A. don’t keep B. can’t be kept
C. are not kept D. aren’t keeping
31. ―The telephone is ringing.
―I _________ answer it.
A. will B. am going to
C. am to D. am about to
32. ―What do you think of my composition?
―It _______ well _____ a few spelling mistakes.
A. reads; except for B. read; besides
C. is read; except for D. is read; besides
33. In 1960, this was the longest bridge that __________.
A. was ever built B. had ever built
C. has ever been built D. had ever been built
34. Just after putting the baby onto bed, Mrs. White suddenly caught sight of the pet cat and didn’t know how long it________ on the table for the family dinner.
A. had been laying; lying B. had been lying; laid
C. had been laid; laid D. had lain; laying
35. ―How are things going?
―The disabled _______ no relatives in Guangzhou _______ by the volunteers, who will graduate from Zhongshan University next year.
A. with; are taking care of B. have; will be taken care of
C. with; are being taken care of D. have; are being taken care of
36. A short time before she______, the old lady _______ a will, leaving all her money to her brother.
A. died; has written B. has died; wrote
C. had died; wrote D. died; had written
37. ―Kate doesn’t look very well. What’s wrong with her?
―She has a headache because she ________ too long; She ought to stop work.
A. has been reading B. had read
C. is reading D. was reading
38. It was said that other possibilities ________ at the meeting the day before yesterday.
A. were never paid attention B. were never paying attention to
C. never paid attention to D. were never paid attention to
39. The two sides _______ to make peace, but something unusual _________.
A. had intended; happened B. intended; happened
C. intended had happened D. would intend; happened
40. She would love to have gone to the party, but she _______ extra hours to prepare for a meeting.
A. had to work B. had worked
C. could work D. would have worked
41. ―Are you still able to speak French and Russian?
―I _________. But I can only remember few French words. No Russian words at all now.
A. am B. was
C. have D. had
42. The women’s club _________ Lin, a foreign company employee who used to pay little attention to her appearance, to improve her dress style and become more confident and open-minded.
A. enabled B. had enabled
C. has enabled D. enables
43. A large crowd _______ wildly as the pilot _________ her plane safely in California.
A. had cheered; was landing B. had cheered; landed
C. was cheering; had landed D. was cheering; landed
44. Caunen Ferreira ______ up hope of finding her pet parrot, Raquel, who ______ from the back garden of her house two years ago.
A. has given; was disappeared B. has given; had disappeared
C. had given; was disappeared D. has given; disappeared
45. ―Hello! May I speak to Jack, please?
―Yes, speaking.
―Oh, I _________ your voice at first.
A. don’t recognize B. didn’t
C. hadn’t recognized D. haven’t recognized
46. ―I guess you might have got lost there last Sunday.
―Well, I_______.
A. mostly did B. nearly had
C. almost had D. almost did
47. We plan to reach the North Pole in mid-July, and by then we _______ for six weeks.
A. are walking B. have been walking
C. will be walking D. will have been walking
48. ―You haven’t said a word about my new hair-style, Molly. Do you like it?
―I’m sorry I ______ anything about it sooner I certainly think it’s pretty.
A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say
C. won’t say D. didn’t say
49. You _______ things about. Look, what a mess in your room.
A. always throw B. have always thrown
C. are always throwing D. have always been throwing
50. He traveled to many mountain villages and saw many poor children out of school. This experience _______ his life.
A. would change B. had changed
C. was to change D. was changing
51. ―Have you finished your composition already?
―Yes. I _________ it in twenty minutes.
A. have finished B. finished
C. will finish D. had finished
52. ―Did you meet Professor Johnson?
―Yes, but when I arrived, he ________, so we only had time for a few words.
A. had just left B. has just left
C. was just leaving D. just left
53. ―________ you _________ the chief editor at the airport?
―No. He _______ away before my arrival.
A. Have; met; has driven B. Had; met; was driven
C. Did; meet; had been driven D. Have; met; was driven
54. You ________ to leave until you _______ your work.
A. won’t be allowed; have finished B. won’t allow; finish
C. won’t be allowed; will finish D. won’t allow; will finish
55. ―Are you still busy?
―Yes, I ________ my work, and it won’t take long.
A. just finish B. am just finishing
C. have just finished D. am just going to finish
56. ―What’s wrong with your coat?
―Just now when I wanted to