甘肃省天水市一中2021届高三上学期第一学段段考(期中)英语试题Word版含答案.docx

天水市一中2022级2022--2021学年度第一学期其次次考试题
英 语
考试时间：100分钟 命题：徐娜 审核：赵良璧
留意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上

第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

A
His first successful fight was for the equal rights of black people in South Africa. Then, as the first black president, he fought to unite the country and organize the government. Now Nelson Mandela has set his sights on a new enemy, AIDS.
On March 19 the former president, hosted his second AIDS awareness concert. He warned that 25 million people in Africa were already infected with the fatal disease.
Mandela was born in a small village in South Africa in 1918. He was adopted by the chief of his tribe and could have been a chief himself and lived a happy country life.
But he refused to be a chief when his people lived under racial discrimination(卑视). He decided to fight for equal rights for all the people in South Africa. Before 1990, under the country's Racial Segregation Law, colored people and white people lived separately. Black people were treated unfairly even when taking a bus. Blacks had to stand at the back of the bus to make room for white people even when there were only a few of them on board
For his opposition to the system, Mandela was arrested and spent 27 years in prison. He was freed in 1990 and became the president of the country after the first election was held in which everyone could vote.
Mandela was not only a political fighter who attacked with speeches. He was also a trained boxer and fought in the ring when he was young.
“Although I did not enjoy the violence of boxing, I was interested in how one moved one’s body to protect oneself, how one used a strategy both to attack and retreat，”he wrote in his autobiography.
As a skillful fighter, he chose music as his weapon against AIDS. He hopes to win another victory against AIDS.
1．When was Mandela arrested?
A．In 1963.
B．In 1990.
C．When he refused to be a chief.
D．When he became the president.
2．Nelson Mandela succeeded in doing the following EXCEPT ________.
A．winning the equal rights for the black people in South Africa
B．uniting South Africa
C．organizing a government in South Africa
D．controlling the spread of AIDS
3．Which of the following statements can best describe the life of Nelson Mandela?
A．Struggle is his life.
B．Sports make his fame.
C．Fight for equal rights.
D．A great fighter against the government.

B
Many people have tried to simplify (简化) the spelling of English words. Unlike other languages, English sometimes spells the same sounds in very different ways. For example, there is “light” but “white”, “loan” but “phone”, and there are at least seven different ways of pronouncing “ough”: “though”, “through”, “bough”, “ cough”, “enough”, “ought” and “thorough”．
The American President Theodore Roosevelt almost succeeded in simplifying English spelling. In 1906, Andrew Carnegie started the Simplified Spelling Board. He was one of the richest men in the United States of America. The board's plan was to make the spelling of words nearer to the way they sound. For example, the word "though" would be spelt “tho” and “through” would become “thru”． Other people on the board were Melvil Dewey, the head of the New York libraries, and Professor Brander Matthews of Columbia University. They explained their idea to President Roosevelt, who thought that it was indeed logical. He immediately asked the government printer to use simplified spelling in all government letters.
But people didn't like the change, even if it made life easier. So the new simpler spelling was not popular. More importantly, when the American politicians (政客) discussed the plan, they did not like it either.
Because Roosevelt did not want to have any problems with the politicians, he changed his mind and told the printer to go back to the old way of spelling.
Since then no one in any government has dared to simplify English spelling. However, people do simplify some words, mainly in advertisements. For example, we often see “tonite” instead of “tonight” and “thru” instead of “through”．
4．Many people have tried to simplify English spelling because________.
A. English words are too long to remember
B. there are many mistakes in English words
C. lots of words are spelt in many different ways
D. sometimes the same sounds have different spellings.
5．Who is NOT a member of the Simplified Spelling Board?
A. Andrew Carnegie.
B. Melvil Dewey.
C. Theodore Roosevelt.
D. Brander Matthews.
6．What was Theodore Roosevelt's attitude towards simplified spelling?
A. Worried B. Supportive C. Uncertain D. Doubtful
7．According to the passage, simplified spelling________.
A. was welcomed by the US politicians
B. changed the way the words sound
C. has been used widely for over a century
D. was first used in US government letters.

C
A romantic message-in-a-bottle discovered by a mother and daughter at a Scottish beach has sparked（触发） a mystery about whether it could have travelled 5,000 miles across the seas from China.
Nicola MacFarlane, 41, and daughter Lucy four, from Portobello, near Edinburgh, were looking for driftwood（浮木）on Portobello Beach when they came across an old glass bottle containing a note inside written in Mandarin. Now the family are trying to work out if the letter has managed the extraordinary journey across the Philippine Sea, into the Indian Ocean and through both the South Atlantic and the North Atlantic Ocean’s before washing up on the shores of Great Britain. It was written on Chinese Valentine’s Day or Qixi Festival as it is more traditionally known, lunar July 7, 2022, so it sent off as recently as six days ago because it followed the modern calendar, which celebrated the occasion on August 23. Nicola was still excited to read about the Chinese love story after having it translated.
“I really do hope that it is from China but even it is from nearer to home, it’s still a lovely gesture and an inspiring find. It’s a love story regardless of where it came from. Nicola, who runs a beach art business in Portobello, added, “I’m always at the beach looking for bits of driftwood but I’ve never come across anything like this before. We knew it was Chinese, but we had no idea what it said.”
Unable to read the Mandarin text, Nicola turned to the internet and her Australian friend, Julie Gould, whose daughter attended a Chinese school in Sydney.
Several hours later Julie returned with the news that it was in fact a love letter.
The translated letter reads, “Da Hai(Ocean), I hope no-one will get this bottle, as we just wish you can hear our voice, and get your blessing. Today is the Chinese Valentine’s Day, we pray that our relationship will last forever and we will have a long happy life together…”
Nicola said, “It sounds to me like the couple are in love but cannot be together so they have sent the message to tell the world of their love.”
8．When did Nicola and her daughter come across the message-in-bottle?
A. On July 15, 2022. B. On August 29, 2022.
C. On August 31, 2022. D. On September 2, 2022.
9．What were Nicola and her daughter probably doing when they found the bottle?
A. They were walking on the beach.
B. They were washing hands and feet.
C. They were looking for the driftwoods.
D. They were lying on the beach resting.
10．The underlined word “Mandarin” probably means “ ” .
A. Scottish B. British C. English D. Chinese
11．We can learn from the passage that Nicola__________.
A. thinks the letter was written to show love
B. had expected to get something unusual
C. knows a little Chinese
D. found the bottle was from a nearby place

D
TIME is an American weekly news magazine published in New York City. It was created in 1923 by Briton Hadden and Henry Luce, making it the first weekly news magazine in the US. Hadden was considered carefree, liked to tease Luce and saw TIME as important but also fun. That accounted for its heavy coverage of celebrities (including politicians), the entertainment industry, and pop culture—criticized as too light for serious news.
It tells the news through people, and for many decades, the magazine’s cover depicted a single person. On Hadden’s death in 1929, Luce became the most important man at TIME and a major figure in the history of 20th-century media.
TIME is also known for its signature red border, first introduced in 1927. It has only changed four times since then. The issue released shortly after the September 11 attacks on the United States featured a black border to symbolize mourning. However, this edition was a special “extra” edition published quickly for the breaking news of the event; the next regularly scheduled issue contained the red border. Additionally, the April 28, 2008 Earth Day issue, dedicated to environmental issues, contained a green border. The next change in border was in the September 19, 2011 issue, commemorating the 10th anniversary of the September 11 attacks with a metallic silver border. The most recent change (again with a silver border) was in the December 31, 2022 issue, noting Barack Obama’s selection as Man of the Year.
TIME has a division magazine, TIME FOR KIDS (TFK), which is especially published for children and is mainly distributed in classrooms. TFK contains some national news, a “Cartoon of the Week”, and a variety of articles concerning popular culture that the younger U.S. citizens are interested in. All the stories in TFK are written by young reporters.
In some advertising campaigns, the magazine has suggested that the letters TIME stand for “The International Magazine of Events”.
12．TIME has a history of _______.
A. about 50 years B. about 70 years C. about 90 years D. about 150 years
13．Why did some people dislike TIME in the beginning?
A. It had kept its cover the same since the 1920s.
B. It didn’t have a serious tone for important events.
C. It didn’t report important events quickly enough.
D. Henry Luce was in charge of the magazine for too long.
14．Why did TIME change its red border for the first time?
A. To remember the 10th anniversary of an attack.
B. To remind readers to protect the environment.
C. To show great sadness about the deaths.
D. To call on readers to vote for Obama.
15．What do we know about TFK?
A. It has young reporters writing articles.
B. It has a division magazine called TIME.
C. It is designed for kids and teachers.
D. It mainly contains popular culture.

二、从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Time is the most valuable thing that mankind has. __16__.Many people try to manage their time. They arrange information and tips in order to effectively do so.
__17__.Time can be managed easily by finding out what is important and arranging these things in the order of importance. In this way you know your direction before making any plans and do not waste time and energy unnecessarily.
Now comes the next question. _18__.The answer is that you need to find out what steps you need to take to do and what you want to do. Then you know how much time to spend for each thing. These steps are like goals.
__19__.Not having them is like walking blindly in a dark room, trying to find the door.
Time management also demands a set schedule that works best for you. In this way you will be able to arrange your tasks based on their importance and finish them. In this way you will not waste your time in beating around the bush.（做事情绕圈子）
__20__.There are a lot of things that we need to do in a short time. Therefore, having good time management skills is at the top of the list of things we all need.
A. We all live in a fast-paced world now.
B. Using every passing second effectively can benefit us.
C. Could you divide your time equally while doing your work?
D. How do you manage time and what type of information is needed to do so?
E. Setting goals is the most important part of tome management.
F. Managing time is not that hard.
G. The aim of time management is to give us a feeling of satisfaction.

三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

When I was 17 years old, I left my comfortable home in a wealthy Midwestern suburb to live as a foreign exchange student in a lower-middle-class neighborhood in a foreign country. I 21 in an apartment with no elevators, no dishwashers and one washer for 300 22 . The tile(瓷砖）floors were always 23 and the rainy winter days there seemed endless. I 24 to wash my clothes by hand in the bathtub and 25 water was so costly, I trained myself to 26 my waist-length hair in less than five minutes.
At that time there were no cell phones and the Internet didn’t exist, so far six months I had no 27 at all with my family or friends in the US. I had no relatives there so I 28 to face the fact that my 29 to adapt and create a life for 30 was one hundred percent up to me. At age seventeen my need for friends was 31 and not knowing a soul was, needless to say, a bit stressful.
To 32 to my stress, I didn’t speak the 33 and had no familiarity with the monetary（货币的）system nor the transportation system. One more 34 that created stress was my 35 family. Of all the families in the city I lived, I was 36 with the ones who spoke the least (or worst) English.
Living abroad and developing 37 in a foreign language required persistence and determination. I made many mistakes 38 the way. Now I’ve transformed my 39 memories into my medals of honor (荣誉勋章). They’re the treasured stories that offer wisdom, provide me with insights into friends and family and provide me with the 40 that I can face future challenges.
21．A. moved B. lived C. turned D. took
22．A. places B. names C. children D. families
23．A. warm B. empty C. tidy D. cold
24．A. tried B. asked C. learned D. forced
25．A. although B. since C. unless D. once
26．A. wash B. comb C. arrange D. adopt
27．A. contact B. quarrel C. letter D. chance
28．A. turned B. needed C. pretended D. stopped
29．A. imagination B. ability C. question D. career
30．A. myself B. other C. another D. none
31．A. impossible B. hopeless C. beneficial D. strong
32．A. adapt B. apply C. add D. reduce
33．A. truth B. language C. fact D. word
34．A. scene B. shortage C. fault D. challenge
35．A. own B. former C. host D. guest
36．A. occupied B. housed C. compared D. chosen
37．A. fluency B. trouble C. habit D. fame
38．A. over B. along C. in D. during
39．A. harmful B. beautiful C. hopeful D. stressful
40．A. advantage B. confidence C. promise D. future

第II卷 （非选择题）

四、阅读填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. __41___wate