2022届高考英语人教版新课标一轮总复习-滚动测试12.docx

课时作业12Healthy eating.阅读理解(2021湖北省重点中学联考)“Eat local.” Its one way to reduce human effect on the planet. Eating local means to try to buy and consume foods that are grown in places close to home. However, most of the food sold at supermarkets is not locally grown or produced. Trucks and planes deliver these foods from hundreds or thousands of miles away. During the transportation, greenhouse gases are produced, causing global warming. So the shorter the distance your foods must travel, the less the harm is done to the environment.But how do you get local food if you live in a large city, hundreds of miles away from farms ? Environmental health scientist Dickson Despommier and his students came up with the idea of a “vertical(垂直的) farm”A vertical farm is a glasswalled structure that could be built as tall as a skyscraper. Since the garden is built upwards, rather than outwards, it requires much less space than an ordinary farm. The world is quickly running out of room for ordinary farming. Vertical farms could be a key to this situation. Despommier imagines a 30story building with a greenhouse on every floor. The walls of the building would be clear, to allow crops to get as much sunlight as possible. Depending on a citys water resources, Despommier thinks hydroponic(水培) farming is another method for the vertical farm which needs no soil to grow plants.Despommier says the hydroponic greenhouses would use a system that would use a citys waste water and fill it with nutrition to make the crops grow. If this method works, it would provide food to a city and save millions of tons of water.The idea of a vertical farm has attracted the attention of government officials around the world. Scott Stringer, a government official from New York City, thinks the city is suitable for the vertical farming. “Obviously we dont have much land left for us，” Stringer said, “But the sky is the limit in Manhattan.”Despommier admits that there is still a lot of work to do to make vertical farms a reality. “But I think vertical farming is an idea that can work in a big way.” he says.1Why are people advised to eat local?ABecause it means convenience to people.BBecause it can help people save a lot of money.CBecause local food has more nutrition.DBecause it is environmentally friendly.2Which is one of the vertical farms benefits when compared with ordinary farming?AIt produces healthier food.BIt does less harm to the cities.CIt consumes more energy of the city.DIt needs less space of the city.3By saying “the sky is the limit in Manhattan”， Stringer means _.Apeople can make full use of vertical space of ManhattanBthere is a limit for using empty land in ManhattanCthe height of buildings in Manhattan is limitedDManhattan has a great potential for development4What can we learn about the vertical farming in the passage?AIn a vertical farm, soil may not be needed to grow plants.BIt has solved the problem of the food shortage in a big way.CIt is a 30story building with a greenhouse on every floor.DCrops are mainly grown in the rainwater in a vertical farm.答案与解析这篇文章介绍了建议人们吃当地食物，由于对环境有好处。1D细节理解题。依据第一段最终一句So the shorter the distance your foods must travel, the less the harm is done to the environment. 可知人们被建议吃当地食物的缘由是对环境有好处，故选D项。2D细节理解题。依据倒数其次段The idea of a vertical farm has attracted the attention of government officials around the world. Scott Stringer, a government official from New York City, thinks the city is suitable for the vertical farming. “Obviously we dont have much land left for us，” Stringer said, “But the sky is the limit in Manhattan.”可知优点在于它需要城市中比较少的空间，故选D项。3A句意理解题。依据最终一段Despommier admits that there is still a lot of work to do to make vertical farms a reality. “But I think vertical farming is an idea that can work in a big way.” he says. 可知Stringer 的意思是人们应当充分利用曼哈顿的垂直空间，故选A项。4A推理推断题。第三段最终一句Despommier thinks hydroponic(水培的) farming is another method for the vertical farm which needs no soil to grow plants. 可知有些农田不需要土壤来生长植物，故选A项。.完形填空One night, when I was eight, my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. “Sweetie, my company wants to _1_ me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling you that youve done _2_ and allowing you to skip a grade(跳级), but youll have to _3_ your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher？” She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was puzzled. The question kept me _4_ for the rest of the night. I had said “yes” but for the first time, I realized the _5_ decisions adults had to make.For almost four years, my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening Id _6_ wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day. A phone call, however, could never replace her _7_ and it was difficult not to feel lonely at times.During my fourthgrade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large _8_ apartment, I became _9_ how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. It was then _10_ I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on _11_ family and work. _12_ difficult decisions, she used to tell me, you wouldnt know whether you made the right choice, but you could always make the best out of the situation, with passion and a _13_ attitude.Back home, I _14_ myself that what my mother could do, I could, too. If she _15_ to live in Rio all by herself, I, too, could learn to be _16_ . I learnt how to take care of myself and set high but achievable _17_.My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the _18_ has really taught me. Sacrifices _19_ in the end. The separation between us has proved to be a _20_ for me.1A.attractBpromote Csurprise Dpraise2A.little Bmuch Cwell Dwrong3A.leave Brefuse Ccontact Dforgive4A.explaining Bsleeping Cwondering Dregretting5A.poor Btimely Cfinal Dtough6A.eagerly Bpolitely Cnervously Dcuriously7A.patience BpresenceCintelligence Dinfluence8A.comfortable Bexpensive Cempty Dmodern9A.interested in Baware of Cdoubtful about Dsatisfied with10A.when Bwhere Cwhich Dthat11A.abandoning Bbalancing Ccomparing Dmixing12A.Depending on BSupplied with CFaced with DInsisting on13A.different Bfriendly Cpositive Dgeneral14A.criticized Binformed Cwarned Dreminded15A.managed Boffered Cattempted Dexpected16A.grateful Benergetic Cindependent Dpractical17A.examples Blimits Crules Dgoals18A.question Bexperience Chistory Doccasion19A.pay off Bcome back Crun out Dturn up20A.blessing Bgathering Cfailure Dpleasure答案与解析母爱无言，妈妈为家庭所做的努力和牺牲让作者体会颇深，使作者学会了独立和设定有确定高度但可达到的目标。1B下文提到“就像你老师说你做得好能跳级一样”可推断，此处指妈妈的公司想提拔妈妈，故选B项。attract “吸引”； promote “提升，提拔”； surprise “吃惊”； praise “表扬”。2C能跳级说明学习很好，故选C项。3A既然要跳级，当然要离开自己的伴侣，故选A项。leave “离开”； refuse “拒绝”； contact “联系”； forgive “原谅”。4C整个晚上的其他时间“我”都在想这个问题。explain “解释”； sleeping “睡觉”； wonder “想知道，琢磨”； regret “懊悔，圆满”。5D“我”首次意识到大人们要做的困难的选择。poor “贫困的”； timely “准时的”； final “最终的”； tough “困难的，困难的”。6A前文提到妈妈每天都会给“我”打电话，下文提到“我”告知她生活中的点滴，故此处表示每天傍晚“我”都会急迫地等在电话前。eagerly “急迫地”； politely “有礼貌地”； nervously “紧急地”； curiously “奇异地”。7B后文提到作者放假去探望妈妈可知，此处表示的是即使妈妈每天打电话也不能代替她在身边，故选B项。patience “急躁”； presence “在场”； intelligence “智力”； influence “影响”。8C依据下文“how lonely my mother”可知妈妈很孤独，所以她住的公寓应当也是空荡荡的。comfortable “舒适的”； expensive “昂贵的”； empty “空的”； modern “现代的”。9B看到妈妈空荡荡的公寓“我”意识到妈妈一个人在巴西是多么孤独。become interested in “对感爱好”； become aware of “意识到”； become doubtful about “对怀疑”； become satisfied with “对满足”。10D就是在那时“我”开头鄙视妈妈所做出的困难的选择。It was.that.构成强调句型。11B妈妈要在工作和家庭之间保持平衡。abandon “放弃”； balance “平衡”； compare “比较”； mix “混合”。12C妈妈告知“我”在面临这些困难选择时，你不知道你所做的打算是否正确。depend on “取决于；依靠”； supply with “供应”； be faced with “面临，面对”； insist on “坚持”。13C依据 passion 可知妈妈告知作者要充分利用所处的境地，要有热忱和乐观的态度。different “不同的”； friendly “友好的”； positive “乐观的”； general “一般的”。14D前文提到“我”意识到妈妈所做的一切有多么困难，回来后“我”不断提示自己妈妈能做的“我”也能做到，故选D项。criticize “批判”； inform “告知，通知”； warn “警告”； remind “提示”。15A假如妈妈能独拘束里约热内卢生活，“我”也能独立。manage to do “成功做某事”； offer to do “主动做某事”； attempt to do “试图做某事”； expect to do “期望做某事”。16C依据 take care of myself(照看“我”自己)可知此处表示“我”也能学会独立。grateful “感谢的”； energetic “精力充分的”； independent “独立的”； practical “实际的”。17D此处表示作者会为自己设定有确定高度但能达到的目标。example “例子”； limit “限制”； rule “规章”； goal “目标”。18B“我”永久也不会遗忘那次经受所教会“我”的。question “问题”； experience “经受”； history “历史”； occasion “场合”。19A牺牲最终得到了回报。pay off “取得好的结果，得到回报”； come back “回来”； run out “用完”； turn up “毁灭，调大”。20A“我”与妈妈的分别结果成为了对“我”有益的事情。blessing “祝愿，好事，有益之事”； gathering “聚集，聚会”； failure “失败”； pleasure “欢快”。.语法填空Mr. Jones woke early one morning. It was a beautiful morning, so he went to the window and looked out. He was surprised to see a _1_ (neat) dressed, middleaged professor, _2_ worked in the university near his house. He had grey hair and thick glasses, and was carrying _3_ umbrella, a morning news paper and a bag. Mr. Jones thought that he must have arrived by the night train and decided to walk to the university instead of _4_ (take) a taxi.Mr. Jones had a big tree in his garden, and the children had tied a long rope to one of its _5_ (branch) so that they could swing on it.Mr. Jones was surprised to see the professor stop and look _6_ (care) up and down the road. When he saw that there was nobody _7_ sight, he stepped into the garden (there was no fence), put his umbrella, newspaper, bag and hat neatly on the grass and took hold of the rope. He pulled it hard to see _8_ it was strong enough to take his weight, then ran as fast as he could and _9_ (swing) into the air on the end of the rope.At last the professor stopped and continued on his way _10_ the university, looking as quiet and correct as one would expect a professor to be.答案与解析1neatly修饰实义动词用副词。2who先行词为人，定语从句中缺主语，故用 who 引导。3an表示“一个”，用不定冠词。4taking介词后用动名词作宾语。5branchesone of 后跟复数名词。6carefully修饰实义动词用副词。7inin sight 看得见。8whether/ifwhether/if引导宾语从句意为“是否”。9swung该空与 ran 并列，故用过去式 swung。10toon ones way to 在某人去某地的路上。.短文改错(2021浙江省宁波市阶段性考试)Dear Sir or Madam，Thank you for taking your time to read my letter. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of the coming International Trade Exposition.All our citizens are host for this great event. All of us should work hard to make well preparations for it. I promise I would try to serve for our honored guests from all over the world with enthusiasm. Besides, have a rich knowledge of Chinese history, I will be not only a servant but also a carrier for our splendidly culture. Whats more, English, an international language, will play important role in communication during the Exposition. Unluckily, I am good at them and can express myself fluently and clearly in English.To sum up, I believe I can be a qualified volunteer. I will value the chance and do that I can if I could be accepted to be one.Yours，Susan答案Dear Sir or Madam，Thank you for taking your time to read my letter. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of the coming International Trade Exposition.All our citizens are for this great event. All of us should work hard to make preparations for it. I promise I try to serve our honored guests from all over the world with enthusiasm. Besides, a rich knowledge of Chinese history, I will be not only a servant but also a carrier for our culture. Whats more, English, an international language, will play important role in communication during the Exposition. ， I am good at and can express myself fluently and clearly in English.To sum up, I believe I can be a qualified volunteer. I will value the chance and do I can if I could be accepted to be one.Yours，Susan