浙江省嘉兴一中2020-2021学年高一自主学习能力测验(三)英语-Word版含答案.docx

嘉兴市第一中学2022学年第一学期自主学习力气测试
高一英语 试题卷
命题： 刘丽华 马皓 审题：于智勤
满分[ 100]分 ，时间[90]分钟 2022年12月
选择题部分（共70分）
第一部分 英语学问运用（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 单项填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ---What should I do first?
---The instructions ________that you should mix flour with water carefully first.
A．go B．tell C．write D．say
2. For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I'll ________my own business some day.
A．turn up B．fix up C．set up D．make up
3. To my anger, the dog followed me ________I went.
A．everywhere B．anywhere C．any place D．where there
4. Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention ________ before class.
A．be underlined B．being underlined C．to be underlined D．to being underlined
5. I really don’t know ________ I have my money stolen.
A．when was it that B．that it was when
C．where it was that D．it was where that
6. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane ________.
A．takes off B．is taking off C．has taken off D．took off
7. Remember to ______ the pockets before you put those trousers in the washing machine.
A. get through B. pass through C. go through D. get along
8. --- ________ was not careful enough in the test.
--- I agree with you. Bob, for example, is always a careless boy.
A．Anyone B．None C．All D．Everyone
9. I'd like to offer my hearty ______to you on your______.
A．congratulate; getting married B．congratulations; getting married
C．congratulations; get married D．congratulations; getting marry
10. It was ________great shock to the world that two aeroplanes crashed into ________World Trade Center in New York on September 11th, 2001.
A．a; / B．a; the C．the; the D．/; the
11. It is surprising that there was ______ time ______ people enjoyed eating more and weren’t afraid of getting fat.
A. a; when B. a; while C. /; when D. /; while
12. ________ you work more efficiently are you able to catch up with others in the class.
A．Only when B．Long before C．Unless D．Until
13. He is addicted to computer games, which ______ has a bad effect on his studies.
A. regularly B. especially C. openly D. undoubtedly
14. Our school has developed a learning system ________students can do a lot of team work.
A．that B．when C．which D．where
15. My family climbed up the hill, ______ we had a picnic.
A. on the top of which B. on its top
C. on the top of that D. on the top of it
16. They are just trying to reach a point ________ both sides will sit down together at the table.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
17. Judging from his face_______ there was a confident smile, we knew that he didn’t lose heart.
A. in which B. from which C. by which D. on which
18. Many of the plants in this area would _______ if the government didn’t take measures to protect them.
A. die away B. die by C. die out D. die from
19. ---Mr. Hu, have you finished correcting the papers?
---Not yet, the papers ____ You _______ get the results from me by tomorrow.
A. are corrected; will B. are being correcting; should
C. are being corrected; shall D. are being corrected; would
20. The days we had been looking forward _______ at last.
A. come B. came C. to coming D. to came

第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该标题号涂黑。
One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color?”
I thought for a minute, and then I said, “I’ll explain, 21 you can just wait until we make a quick 22 at the grocery store. I have something 23 to show you.”
At the grocery store, we 24 some apples – red, green and yellow ones. Back home, I told Adam, “It’s time to 25 your question.” I put one apple of each 26 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 27 look on his face.
“People are like apples. They come in all 28 colors, shapes and sizes. On the 29 , some of the apples may not 30 look as delicious as the others.” As I was talking, Adam was 31 each one carefully.
Then, I took each of the apples and peeled (削皮) them, 32 them back on the table, but 33 a different place.
“Okay, Adam, tell me which is which.”
He said, “I 34 tell. They all look the same now.” “Take a bite of 35 . See if that helps you 36 which one is which.”
He took 37 , and then a huge smile came across his face. “People are 38 like apples! They are all different, but once you 39 the outside, they’re pretty much the same on the inside.”
He totally 40 it. I didn’t need to say or do anything else.
21. A. although B. so C. because D. if
22. A. stop B. start C. turn D. stay
23. A. encouraging B. expressive C. informative D. interesting
24. A. bought B. counted C. saw D. collected
25. A. check B. mention C. answer D. improve
26. A. size B. type C. shape D. class
27. A. worried B. satisfied C. proud D. curious
28. A. ordinary B. normal C. different D. regular
29. A. outside B. whole C. table D. inside
30. A. still B. even C. only D. ever
31. A. examining B. measuring C. drawing D. packing
32. A. keeping B. placing C. pulling D. giving
33. A. on B. toward C. for D. in
34. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
35. A. each one B. each other C. the other D. one other
36. A. admit B. consider C. decide D. believe
37. A. big bites B. deep breaths C. a firm hold D. a close look
38. A. just B. always C. only D. seldom
39. A. put away B. get down C. hand out D. take off
40. A. made B. took C. got D. did

第三部分 阅读理解( 共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
A
Imagine this: you come home from school and find that your dog has messed up your bed and eaten the pizza on the table while you were away. You get so angry and start telling it off for what it did.
While you are doing this, the little “criminal (罪犯)” just sits there quietly, head down, ears back, eyes droopy (下垂的), looking extremely guilty. This makes you think that it understands you and you are teaching it a lesson.
But don’t be fooled by this look – animal behaviorists say that dogs actually lack the ability to feel shame, reported The Associated Press. Instead, they just put on that look so their owners will calm down.
“My guess is that their thinking is: ‘Oh man, my owner is super mad about something, but I don’t know what, but he seems to calm down when I give him the sad face, so let’s try that again,’” said Pascale Lemire, Canadian author of the book Dog Shaming.
One of the first scientific studies on the “guilty look” of dogs was conducted in 2009 by Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College in the US. In the study, she videotaped how 14 dogs reacted when their owners left the room. When the owners returned, they were asked to scold (责骂) the dog no matter if they had misbehaved (做错事) or not.
Horowitz found that the guilty look would appear as long as the owner was angry, not when the dog had actually done something wrong, which means the look has nothing to do with guilt.
Surely, dogs can learn from their behavior – for example, when you give your dog a treat after it fetches a ball or punish it after it tears up your mail. But rewards or punishments are most effective right after the behaviors occur. “The farther it gets from that, the less connection is made with the behavior,” said Bonnie Beaver a professor at A&M University, US. This means that when you come home and scold your dog for the damage he did hours ago, he won’t necessarily learn anything.
So the best way to deal with a dog that has misbehaved is probably to “just get over it and remind yourself not to put temptation (有诱惑力的东西) in the way next time”, suggested Beaver. In other words, don’t leave your bedroom door open or the pizza on the table in the first place.
41. The example given at the beginning of the article is meant to ______.
A. show the disadvantages of keeping pets
B. introduce a new book on pet behavior
C. prove that pets have strong senses of guilt
D. show how owners should teach lessons to their dogs
42. The most significant finding in Alexandra Horowitz’s research is that ______.
A. dogs learn quickly from previous punishments
B. dogs with the guilty look don’t actually feel shame at all
C. dogs try hard to calm down their owners when they get mad
D. dogs are more likely to misbehave when their owners are absent
43. According to Bonnie Beaver, ______.
A. dogs don’t remember what they did hours ago
B. rewarding and punishing dogs don’t make much difference
C. owners’ quick responses help dogs learn from their behaviors
D. it is totally unnecessary for owners to get mad at their dogs’ misbehavior
44. According to the last paragraph, the best way to keep dogs from misbehaving is to _____.
A. make strict house rules for them
B. offer better rewards and more serious punishments
C. avoid leaving them possibilities to misbehave
D. turn a blind eye to their misbehavior

B
When US astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first man to ever set foot on the moon, he was treated as a hero. However, when he got back to Earth, he wasn’t allowed to return home to his family immediately. He and his crewmates were quarantined (隔离) for 21 days out of concern that they might have brought harmful germs (细菌) back with them from the moon, according to NBC News.
This may sound a bit strange today because going to space now is more common than it was in 1969. However, no matter how familiar we get with space, we still can’t deny that it is a completely alien environment compared to Earth.
In fact, previous studies have shown that trips to space can mess with many aspects of astronauts’ health, causing bone mineral loss, muscle pain and eyesight damage. And now, new research from Johns Hopkins University, US, has found that space missions can also affect astronauts’ brain functions, reported The Atlantic.
Unlike people who live on the ground, where they are protected by the Earth’s magnetic field (磁场), astronauts in space are exposed to both solar and cosmic (宇宙的) radiation.
To study how radiation influences astronauts’ brains, researchers put lab mice into a similar radiation environment and measured their cognitive (认知的) abilities through a series of tests. They found that radiation can change the proteins in mice’s brains and cause cognitive problems like shorter attention spans (时长) and slower reactions.
However, this is not an easy problem to solve. According to Forbes, space radiation is so powerful that even the walls of a spaceship can’t keep it away completely. “To effectively defend against the radiation,” said Michael O’Banion at the University of Rochester Medical Center, US, “one would have to essentially wrap a spacecraft in a six-foot (1.8-meter) block of lead or concrete.”
But the good news is that the radiation doesn’t affect everyone the same way. In the study, researchers found that about half of the mice tested in the experiment remained unaffected.
This means that scientists could soon be able to identify those who are more at risk from radiation exposure and help them to better protect themselves in space. For example, they could wear additional radiation protection or limit the lengths of their space walks.
45. The author mentioned Neil Armstrong’s story at the beginning to ______.
A. pay respect to his achievements in space exploration
B. remind us that we still have a lot to discover about space
C. introduce the idea of space travel affecting astronauts’ health
D. explain why astronauts have to go through quarantine procedures
46. The new study from Johns Hopkins University suggests that ______.
A. bone mineral loss and muscle pain are major threats to astronauts in space
B. space radiation can lead to cognitive problems
C. astronauts in space might one day be completely protected from radiation
D. astronauts’ cognitive abilities drop once they get to space and they never fully recover
47. The underlined word “this” refers to ______.
A. changing the functions of proteins in our brain
B. radiation exposure affecting brain functions
C. improving the attention spans of astronauts in space
D. building a living environment similar to that on Earth
48. We can infer from the last two paragraphs that ______.
A. space radiation is not deadly for everyone
B. space walks are not suitable for every astronaut
C. future astronauts might take more measures to protect against radiation
D. future spaceships might be built with thick walls of lead or concrete

C
AT the beginning of every school year, I was afraid of coming home with that first night of homework after a summer of fun. And I feared getting a teacher who had a long list of rules and a stare that could kill a cat.
But there was always one part of beginning a new school year that I enjoyed. I always liked going to the store to arm myself with new school supplies – even if I didn’t need them.
Sure, my pencils, erasers and notebooks from my last school year could have been used for a while longer. But this didn’t matter. Every year, Dad would take us to Wal-Mart and let us buy the newest and coolest pencils, erasers and notebooks.
Besides school supplies, many parents also took their kids to buy new clothes and book bags.
I guess many of my classmates and I must have shown up to school on the first day of school smelling something like a new car. We’d keep our new pencil bags and notebooks on top of our desk, just to make sure our classmates saw them.
All of this buying sounds a little environmentally unfriendly. But our parents seemed to think that buying these school supplies was worth it. Doing this meant we’d work a little harder in school. Who knows? Perhaps we’d even start loving to do our math homework.
Supplies from past years were always stored away in the living room desk. Used clothes that had lost their appeal (吸引力) were sent to thrift shops (旧货店), where they would be sold for 50 cents a piece.
On the other hand, all of this new stuff did make us excited about going to school – at least for a week.
49. When every school year had just started, the author would _______.
A. feel joyful B. not do homework C. expect it to be bad D. have mixed feelings
50. What made the author excited at the beginning of every school year?
A. Getting a new car. B. Getting new school supplies.
C. Taking his old clothes to thrift stores. D. Seeing his teachers and classmates again.
51. Why did parents buy new school supplies for their kids, according to