2021青岛市高考英语阅读理解自练及答案12.docx

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
体裁：谈论文　话题：如何减压　时间：6分钟
Our children feel stressed out by an educational system that actually uses stress as an educational technique.It's a constant pressure of homework deadlines，essays and exams.And our children are told at a young age that failing a test means that they are failures in life.They'll end up nowhere if they don't pass this or that exam.Our educational system is based on a very Western idea that life is a struggle and you'd better measure up.It's survival of the fittest.While there is some truth to this，not as much as people think.
Our ancestors didn't develop a constant stress environment.Back then，stress came quickly and was over quickly，it wasn't like the stress of modern education.Stress was originally just a short­term biological response to danger；however，the constant stress of modern education rarely stops.It's long term，at least ten years and usually more.
Recent research has shown that the neurological(神经系统的)response to stress is the same response that is found in depression.So，what's the solution? A number have been proposed，including but not limited to the following.
________.Exercise consumes energy that would otherwise build up in the stress response and could cause physical and mental problems.
Teach relaxation exercises.Allowing the mind and body to relax cuts off the stress response and reduces the neurological fatigue，enabling the individual to recover at least somewhat.
Pay attention to thinking.Training the stressed student to pay attention to his or her own mind to a point where he or she is sufficiently aware to shut off the stress response when necessary.
Of course，there's a logical answer to the problem.Just rearrange our teaching methods to encourage，rather than prevent，the natural curiosity and joy in learning that we are all born with.This would remove the stress and probably cut learning time in half.
【语篇导读】　在现行训练制度下，孩子们的压力很大，已经不堪重负了。作为家长和老师，应当怎样有效的挂念孩子减压呢？
1．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Dealing with stress in modern education.
B．Helping children live a happy life.
C．Getting rid of the modern education.
D．Taking measures to learn at school.
解析　主旨大意题。这是一篇谈论文，叙述了现行训练制度下，如何挂念孩子摆脱压力。故选A项。
答案　A
2．Children feel stressed because ______.
A．they dislike the educational technique
B．they have no ability to finish their homework
C．they are convinced high grades are important
D．they suffer numbers of failures in their life
解析　细节理解题。依据文章第一段的our children are told at a young age that failing a test means that they are failures in life可知，孩子们很小的时候就被告知考试失败意味着他们生活中也会失败。故选C项。
答案　C
3．How did our ancestors treat education?
A．They thought education was the only way to success.
B．They felt education could bring short­term stress.
C．They believed education could bring the best out.
D．They knew the importance of good education.
解析　推理推断题。依据文章其次段的Back then，stress came quickly and was over quickly可知，我们的祖先那时候，在训练方面压力来得快，也很快结束，是短期行为，故选B项。
答案　B
4．Which of the following is the best for the blank?
A．Make sure that kids get exercise.
B．Quite a few children avoid exercise.
C．Try to save energy as much as possible.
D．Set a few limits to your physical activities.
解析　推理推断题。运动消耗能量，否则这些能量引起压力反应，可能会导致身体和心理问题。因此让孩子们参与运动，这样可以减压。故选A项。
答案　A
5．If you are a teacher in a high school ______.
A．you should relax yourself as far as possible
B．you should ignore the stressed student
C．you should leave students in a good mood
D．you should stick to your teaching methods
解析　细节理解题。依据文章尾段可知，老师应当鼓舞孩子们的奇异   心，让孩子们在愉悦中学习。故选C项。
答案　C

【2022高考英语广东省梅州市质检试卷】C
The ancient Egyptians appeared to be among the first early civilizations to learn how to grow roses. In 1888, at Hawara in the El Faiyum area of Egypt, two-thousand-year-old roses were found in ancient tombs. The discovery suggested roses were an important part of the complex burial ceremony which took place when an important person died. The roses found in the tombs are thought by modern experts to be the oldest preserved flowers ever found in the world. They must have been cut and dried before flowering so that they would remain undamaged. Over the centuries, the roses had shrunk and became tight balls, but on careful examination it was discovered that the petals (花瓣) themselves were hardly damaged.
Egypt’s skill in mass-cultivation（大面积栽培）of roses in early times led to the flowers becoming an important export product. At the height of the Roman Empire, Egypt exported large quantities of roses to the Roman courts. Wealthy Romans loved the beautiful colors and sweet smells of roses. So the Romans attempted to grow their own roses and they eventually mastered the art of mass cultivation. Egypt then decided to concentrate on growing grain instead of roses, so grain soon took over as the number-one agricultural product of Egypt.
Roses were appreciated in other early civilizations too, including Greece and Persia. They are a decorative feature on coins, sculpture, and vases dating back thousands of years. There is also evidence that roses were highly valued by the Chinese who believed that the flowers could be used to help treat a wide range of illnesses, from toothache to skin and chest diseases.
In the modern world, the rose has not lost its popularity as the “Queen of Flowers” — the name given to it by the Greek poetess Sappho. Even today more roses are sold than any other flower. Modern techniques have enabled people to create ever more beautiful roses. Transportation by air makes it possible to grow roses in countries with favorable climates and sell them within twenty-four hours in profitable markets all over the world. Tons of roses are transported this way every week. Roses from Ecuador, a country in northern South America, can be bought in Holland, even though that country itself has a huge rose-growing business.
36. The roses discovered at Hawara in 1888 were ______.
A. buried about four thousand years ago B. cut after they flowered
C. used to keep the dead body fresh D. finely preserved
37. Grain replaced roses to become the number-one agricultural product of Egypt because _____.
A. the Egyptians showed less interest in roses
B. the competition in rose export became fierce
C. the Romans could grow roses for themselves
D. grain was in great demand in the world market
38. Paragraph 3 is developed mainly _____.
A. by cause and effect B. by order in space
C. by order in time D. by examples
39. With the example of roses from Ecuador, the author shows ______.
A. modern techniques help the cultivation of roses
B. air transport helps the rose trade worldwide
C. roses grown in Ecuador are world-famous
D. roses are sold more than any other flower
40. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Queen of flowers B. History of growing roses
C. Big archeological discovery D. Rose trade around the world
【参考答案】36-40 DCDBA
　　本文是说明文。文章介绍了花中女王——玫瑰。
36. D。细节理解题。由第一段的they would remain undamaged和the petals themselves were hardly damaged可知，这些出土的玫瑰保存完好。
37. C。细节理解题。由其次段的 So the Romans … mastered the art of mass cultivation可知，罗马人最终把握了大面积栽培玫瑰的技术，不需要大量进口埃及人的玫瑰了，因此埃及人把种植谷物放到了首位。
38. D。写作手法题。本段介绍了玫瑰在其他文明古国一样受欢迎，列举了玫瑰在希腊、波斯、中国的用途。
39. B。推理推断题。联系上一句Transportation by air ... all over the world可知，空运促成了玫瑰销售的全球化。这个例子正是用来说明这一点。
40. A。标题归纳题。本文对玫瑰栽培的历史和当今玫瑰产业进行了简要介绍。第四段提到了the “Queen of Flowers”，因此用A项作标题格外恰当。

【2022高考英语广东省梅州市质检试卷】D
Australian cities can keep their native wildlife — but only if they can kick their habit of urban sprawl (无方案的扩展). That’s the finding of a new study by leading Australian environmental researchers Jessica Sushinsky, Professor Hugh Possingham and Dr Richard Fuller of The University of Queensland.
“While urban development usually reduces the number of birds in a city, building more compact (紧凑的) cities and avoiding urban sprawl can slow these reductions greatly,” says lead author Jessica Sushinsky. “Compact housing development leaves birds’ homes untouched, leading to fewer losses of birds.”
The researchers surveyed native and wild birds in Brisbane’s urban areas, including living and industrial areas, public parks and gardens, major roadways and airports. They then used statistical modeling to find out what will happen to the birds as the city grows. The first setting was compact growth — where multiple homes are built on land that previously had only one house. The second setting was sprawling growth — a familiar pattern where homes are built here and there beyond the city’s current boundaries.
The team’s forecasts showed that a much greater diversity of species was lost over 20 years in the sprawling setting compared to the more compact setting. “Urban sprawl resulted in the disappearance of many urban-sensitive birds — birds that only live in areas where there is native vegetation (植被), such as parklands and woodlands,” Ms Sushinsky says.
“On the other hand, we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds because it kept more of its parks and green areas.”
Now the Queensland Government has adopted the more compact urban growth strategy, which, Dr Richard Fuller says, is good news for Australia’s native birds. These birds are environmental specialists — they need a particular environment to do well. “While compact development means smaller backyards, it can also make our entire cities more biodiverse,” according to Dr Fuller. “The study shows that we should hold on to our green spaces instead of clearing them for sprawling development.”
This is the first time science has modeled the effects of different urban growth strategies on birds, the researchers say. “Statistical models like these are important because they help us to understand the ecological consequences of a particular decision,” says Dr Fuller.
41. The study deals with the relationship between ______.
A. city development and birds B. the environment and birds
C. humans and wildlife D. climate and wildlife
42. Why is compact urban growth better than the sprawling strategy?
A. It makes the cities more beautiful. B. It gives people larger backyards.
C. It is money-saving. D. It is bird-friendly.
43. Dr Richard Fuller thinks the Queensland Government’s action ______.
A. is really brave B. is worth praising
C. has an uncertain future D. should be performed nationwide
44. What can we learn about the study from the passage?
A. It is based on the statistics in the past.
B. It is strongly against urban development.
C. It criticizes the city environment in Brisbane.
D. It suggests leaving more green spaces for birds.
45. Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A news report. B. A travel guide C. A health magazine. D. A history book.
D篇 (环境) 41-45 ADBDA
　　本文是新闻报道。澳大利亚争辩者发觉：紧凑型的城市进展能够使得城市保留大量绿地，为鸟类供应良好的生存空间。
41. A。细节理解题。由其次段的urban development usually reduces the number of birds in a city, building more compact cities and avoiding urban sprawl can slow these reductions greatly和最终一段可知，该争辩关注的是城市进展方式与鸟类之间的关系。
42. D。推理推断题。依据倒数第三段的we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds because it kept more of its parks and green areas可知，紧凑型的城市进展模式有利于鸟类在城市的生存。
43. B。推理推断题。依据倒数其次段的which, Dr Richard Fuller says, is good news for Australia’s native birds可知，Dr Richard Fuller赞扬昆士兰政府的做法。
44. D。细节理解题。由第一段的kick their habit of urban sprawl和第五段的we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds because it kept more of its parks and green areas及倒数其次段的The study shows that we should hold on to our green spaces instead of clearing them for sprawling development可知，争辩人员主见紧凑型进展，让城市保留大量绿地。
45. A。文章出处题。由文章第一段的That’s the finding of a new study by ...可知，本文最有可能选自一篇新闻报道。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Grandma celebrated her fifty-third birthday just weeks before grandpa died of cancer in 1965. Although his passing was very difficult for her, I think their shared struggle to make his life longer taught grandma that good health was not to be taken forgranted, and she made up her mind to live the rest of her own life as fully and as long as she could. One day, when she announced to attend lessons at the Fred Astaire Dance Studio in Portland, Oregon, where she lived, we rolled our eyes in embarrassment and helplessly wished she would just stay home and bake cookies as normal grandmothers did. Many years filled with countless dance lessons passed before we learned to appreciate the wonder of having a dancing grandma.
I suppose grandma's primary motivation for wanting to learn to dance was social. She had been a shy girl, always very tall and heavy, and had married into grandpa's quiet lifestyle before developing any elegance or confidence in her personal appearance. Dancing, on the other hand, filled her life with flash lights, wonderful parties, beautiful dresses, handsome young dance instructors, and the challenge of learning. Although the weekly dance lessons did not change her ample, two-hundred-pound figure, grandma surprised everyone with energetic performances on the dance floor, which soon gave her as much elegance and confidence as any Miss American competitor.
Having taken weekly dance lessons for years, my grandma learned various dances easily and was soon participating in dancing matches all over the Northwest. When I was fourteen, grandma proudly invited me to watch her compete in one of these matches to be held in the grand ballroom of the Red Lion Inn. My attitude was still unenthusiastic at that point, but to make her happy, my mother and I attended the match. As if to prove me wrong, grandma made a wonderful showing in every event she entered. I thought she was truly the queen of the ball during the dance, and my thoughts were shared by the judges a short time later when she was awarded a gold cup for her outstanding performance.
26. What did grandma learn from grandpa's death?
A. Good health was not there for everyone.
B. She should take dance lessons.
C. She had to struggle to live a better life.
D. She should wear beautiful dresses.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。依据good health was not to be taken forgranted，对于大家来说好的健康已经不在了，故选A。
27. How did the author's family feel when Grandma decided to take dance lessons?
A. Hopeless. B. Helpless. C. Embarrassed. D. Proud.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。依据we rolled our eyes in embarrassment可知作者的家人都感到尴尬，故选C。
28. Normal grandmas usually ________ in the author's point of view?
A. took dance lessons
B. did some exercises at home
C. took care of grandchildren at home
D. did some housework at home
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。依据she would just stay home and bake cookies as normal grandmothers did.在作者眼中祖母就是能在家做做家务，故选D。
29. The author felt ______ when he was invited to watch grandma's match.
A. happy B. proud C. excited D. uninterested
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。依据My attitude was still unenthusiastic at that point,作者对于祖母的邀请他去看竞赛感