2021拉萨市高考英语阅读理解、书面表达自练(1)答案(三月).docx

2021拉萨市高考英语阅读理解、书面表达自练（1）答案（三月）

阅读理解。
【2022·烟台3月诊断性考试】
Fahad Azad，an engineer in India，invented a robot named DuctBot.The toy­car sized DuctBot measured 23 centimeters in length,19 centimeters in width and 9 centimeters in height and weighs just two kilograms.
The robot is designed to snake through dark，narrow air conditioning ducts (管道) and clean them.A pair of LEDs fitted on the robot light up the dirty scenery，so it can be captured (抓拍) by a camera.
In order to control it more easily，Mr Azad chooses to fix DuctBot on wheels.The robot can clean off lots of dirt，as well as dead pigeons and insects.Keeping indoor air in good quality and monitoring carbon­dioxide levels in buildings with central air conditioning is a challenge.It is important in some places where clean air can mean a difference between life and death，such as hospitals.Dirty air has a bad influence on people’s health.
EPSCO，a Dubai­based company which specializes in improving indoor air quality，read about Mr Azad’s invention in a national newspaper after he had won an international robotics competition.EPSCO had cleaning equipment，but it needed someone to get into those ducts to do the dirty，dangerous work.Across India，for example，the task still falls to children.They are small enough to go through those ducts.
In 2005，Mr Azad who was still at university decided to do something about it.Six years later his own company，Robosoft Systems，has Bluestar，EPSCO and the Indian Navy，some leading air condition makers，as partners.
Mr Azad and his ten employees are currently exploring robot designs to examine oil tanks or sewage (污水) pipes.Their biggest challenge is to make the robots user­friendly enough.Mr Azad hopes that the robot could eventually be operated not by engineers but by workers.There will be lots of difficulties they need to overcome in the future.
1．What can we learn about Ductbot?
A．It is a toy car and popular with children.
B．It is designed to move like a snake in the ducts.
C．many LEDs are fitted on it to tell its location.
D．It is actually a camera to capture dirty scenery.

2．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to “________”．
A．the camera　　　　　 B．the conditioning duct
C．the LED light 　 D．the dirty scenery
3．What can the Ductbot do for us?
A．Clean off the dirt in the ducts.
B．Control the central conditioning.
C．Reduce carbon­dioxide in buildings.
D．Protect more animals in city.
4. According to the text，EPSCO________.
A．has won an international robotics competition
B．hired children to clean the dirty ducts in the past
C．is the only partner of Robosoft Systems
D．specializes in improving people’s health
5．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．Only engineers can operate the Ductbot now.
B．New ways have been found to examine oil tanks.
C．Azad’s difficulties are impossible to overcome.
D．Azad’s team are working to improve their robot designs.

语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了印度的一名工程师制造了一种可以进入空调管道来清理空调灰尘的机器人。
1．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章其次段第一句“The robot is designed to snake through dark，narrow air conditioning ducts (管道) and clean them.”可知，它像蛇一样在管道中行走。
答案：　B
2．解析：　指代推断题。依据文章其次段其次句“A pair of LEDs fitted on the robot light up the dirty scenery”并结合下文可推知，此处的it代指的是the dirty scenery，故答案D符合文意。
答案：　D
3．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章其次段第一句“The robot is designed to snake through dark，narrow air conditioning ducts (管道) and clean them.”和第三段的其次句“The robot can clean off lots of dirt...”可知，这种机器人可以清理管道里的垃圾。
答案：　A
4．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章第四段的其次句和第三句“EPSCO had cleaning equipment，but it needed someone to get into those ducts to the dirty，dangerous work.Across India，for example，the task still falls to children”可知，EPSCO公司在过去经常雇佣小孩来清理管道垃圾。
答案：　B
5．解析：　段落大意题。依据文章最终一段的前两句“Mr Azad and his ten employees are currently exploring robot designs to examine oil tanks or sewage (污水) pipes.Their biggest challenge is to make the robots user­friendly enough.”和整体理解可知，本段主要讲的是Azad团队正在致力于改善自己的机器人设计，故答案D符合文意。
答案：　D。

阅读理解。
Making an apology is not the same as making amends. Sometimes we apologize just because it’s the easiest thing to do. What’s actually important is to identify where we go wrong, take full responsibility for our mistakes and , if possible, try to make up for them.
A recent case involving Hewlett-Packed, the US computer giant, shows the importance of presenting a sincere apology. The Chinese consumers who had bought notebook computers of certain models, which have been put on Chinese market since 2007, suffered a massive flash screen failures and overheating problems. Through investigation, Chinese AQSIQ (国家质检总局) identified these HP computers had quality problems and HP admitted this. HP made a proposal that they would extend the warranty (保修) period of such computers, but this could not satisfied the consumers. What they needed was a thorough description of the truth. HP has “sincerely” apologized. But the consumers remain angry, and say that only a product recall — as HP has done in the past — will prove that the apology is sincere.

Another apology that fell flat on its face was that of Thierry Henry, the famous French footballer. His deliberate handball in November 2009 created the goal which knocked Ireland out of the 2010 World Cup. The incident caused great anger in the football world, and eventually Henry issued an apology. Two days later, he wrote, “I’m not the referee…but if I hurt someone I’m sorry.” Better late than never perhaps, but even then he passed the blame onto the referee!
Such high-profile cases, which attract a lot of publicity often under the spotlight, but similar incidents occur in our everyday lives. Stress caused by schoolwork and tiredness can sometimes result in outbursts of anger against friends and family. Have you ever lost your temper for minor reasons? After calming down, most people are quick to realize their mistake and apologize. But it’s just as important to identify what caused the error in the first place and take action to ensure it doesn’t happen again.
No one should hold a negative attitude to making a sincere apology. Empty words are easy to say, but they are as useless as they sound. A real show of remorse（痛悔;自责）demands hard work and commitment to put error right.

6. What does the author intend to tell us in the case of HP?
A. A true apology needs sincere actions.
B. HP should recall all the faulty computers.
C. Good quality makes a good company.
D. A company should apologize and pay for their mistakes.
7. According to the author, when we do anything wrong we firstly _________.
A. make an apology face to face honestly
B. admit we were wrong and try to make the wrong right
C. take the responsibility for apologizing to others
D. choose the easiest thing to do
8. We can infer from the case of Thierry Henry that _________ .
A. it’s never too late to say “I’m sorry.”
B. writing an apology is not a good idea
C. Henry didn’t identify his fault.
D. the football fans were mad with Henry.

9. Which of the following can best explain the word “commitment” in the last paragraph?
A. Decision. B. Promise. C. Agreement. D. Responsibility.

10. What’s the best title of this passage?
A. What really puts things right
B. Don’t apologize easily
C. Making an apology — no one is out of exception
D. How to judge an apology — sincere enough?
【参考答案】6—10、A B C D A

【北京市丰台区2022统一模拟】第一节（15分）
假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的同学李华，下个月英国Saint Gorge High School的交换同学要来你校学习。学校招募接待家庭。请你依据以下信息，提出申请并说明理由。
1. 家里住宿条件好；
2. 英语听说力气强；
3. 了解英国人的文化习俗。
留意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,

Yours,
Li Hua

第一节 应用类作文（15分）
一、评分原则：
1. 本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先依据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最终给分。
3. 评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否规范。
4. 拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5. 词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。
二、各档次给分范围和要求：
第一档
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
·内容完整，条理清楚；
·交际得体表达时充分考虑到交际对象的需求；
体现出较强的语言运用力气。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
13分—15分
其次档

基本完成了试题规定的任务。
·内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；
·运用的语法和词汇基本满足任务要求；
·语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。
基本达到了预期的写作目的。
9分—12分
第三档
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
·所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解，未
能清楚地传达信息。
4分—8分
第四档
未完成试题规定的任务。
·写了少量相关信息；
·语法或用词方面错误较多，严峻影响了对写作内容的理解。
1分—3分
0分
未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。

三、Possible versions
Possible version 1
Dear Sir or Madam,
I would like to host a student from Saint George High School. My house is big enough to give him a room to live in. Also, I am good at English listening and speaking. I have studied a lot about British culture and customs. I can create a welcoming atmosphere for him. I would be very happy, if you give me this opportunity.
Thank you!
Yours,
Li Hua (65 words)
Possible version 2
Dear Sir or Madam,
I feel very excited to know that the exchange students from Saint Gorge High School will come and study at our school. I would like to be a host family. The reasons are as follows:
First, my home is big with three bedrooms and two bathrooms. This makes it possible for me to provide the exchange student with good living accommodations. Moreover, I have a good command of English and I am good at listening and speaking. I would be able to communicate with the student easily. In addition, I have a good understanding of British customs and culture, allowing us to have a lot to talk about.
Because of the above mentioned reasons I am applying to be a host family. I sincerely hope I will be granted this great opportunity.
Thank you very much!
Yours,
Li Hua (136 words)