2021高考英语完形填空、阅读理解通用练习(22)及答案.docx

2021高考英语完形填空、阅读理解通用练习（22）及答案

完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My wife and I moved into our home two years ago. We had a yard with a lot of 41 ．Very often when we have flowers, Denise or I would plant some between the rocks, just to add some 42 to the area．
Last summer, I found a tiny little 43 in the yard that I could not immediately identify. I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise said she didn’t either. We decided to let it 44 growing until we could find out what it was.
Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the 45 plant, it appeared to be a sunflower. I decided to 46 the weeds around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something 47 . The sunflower had not 48 where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big 49 and grown under and around it to reach the 50 ．
That’s when I 51 that if a tiny little sunflower didn’t let a big rock stand in its 52 of developing, we too have the ability of doing the same thing. If we 53 ourselves like that little sunflower, we can reach where we 54 to go and get what we need for growth．
We need to believe in ourselves knowing we have the 55 to achieve our goals. Like the 56 , it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks because it had 57 in itself that it would succeed. Stand tall like the sunflower and be 58 who and what we are, then the environment will begin to 59 us. We will find a way to go under or 60 any “rocks”in order to reach our goals．
41. A. flowers B. insects C. rocks D. vegetables
42. A. color B. water C. fertilizer D. shape
43. A. weed B. seed C. rock D. plant
44. A. stop B. continue C. improve D. escape
45. A. weak B. lonely C. strange D. pretty
46. A. remove B. tend C. watch D. collect
47. A. wonderful B. terrible C. valuable D. unusual
48. A. passed B. started C. left D. died
49. A. tree B. table C. rock D. wall
50. A. air B. top C. sun D. house
51. A. realized B. doubted C. regretted D. hoped
52. A. place B. way C. course D. process
53. A. fill in B. put in C. worry about D. believe in
54. A. forget B. hate C. aim D. wait
55. A. ability B. wish C. plan D. idea
56. A. yard B. sunflower C. home D. summer
57. A. energy B. virtue C. courage D. faith
58. A. aware of B. afraid of C. proud of D. tired of
59. A. support B. affect C. upset D. forgive
60. A. into B. around C. through D. from
完形填空：（每小题1.5分）
41. C. 从下一句话可知院子里有很多石头。
42. A. 种一些花朵为了给院子增加一些颜色。
43. D. 后文提到那是一株向日葵，所以是一种植物。
44. B. 从后文until we could find out what it was 可知作者想让它连续生长。
45. C. 到目前为止作者还不知道它到底是一种什么植物，所以选择C。
46. A. 从下文的As I pulled…the weeds。可知作者要除草。
47. D. 从下文可知，向日葵并没有生长在我最开头发觉它的位置。这件事是不寻常的。
48. B. 同上，start表示开头生长。
49. C. 文章前面提到院子里有很多石头，另外我要为它除草的时候搬走了石头可知，它应当是长在石头下面的。
50. C. 向日葵是朝向太阳生长的。
51. A. 以下是作者意识到所发生的事实。
52. B. stand in one’s way表示阻碍，挡道。
53. D. 作者认为假如我们也能像这株向日葵一样布满信念，与下文的55空前的内容相呼应。
54. C. 最终一段作者提到“achieve our goals”，所以此空应为aim。
55. A. have the ability to do sth. 表示有力气做某事。下文“it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks…”有提示。
56. B. 就像这株向日葵一样，与前文相呼应。
57. D. 与前文提到的believe in 相呼应。
58. C. 像向日葵一样直立，为自己而感到傲慢。
59. A. 四周的环境和事物也会开头对我们有所挂念。
60. B. 与50空前内容相呼应。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.
The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”
1. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.
A .university researchers know little about the commercial world
B. there is little exchange between industry and academia
C. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
D. few university professors are willing to do industrial research
2. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?
A. Flexible work hours. B. Her research interests.
C .Her preference for the lifestyle on campus. D. Prospects of academic accomplishments.
3. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.
A. do financially more rewarding work B. raise his status in the academic world
C. enrich his experience in medical research D. exploit better intellectual opportunities
4. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
A. Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.
B. Develop its students’ potential in research.
C. Help it to obtain financial support from industry.
D. Gear its research towards practical applications.

【参考答案】1—4、CBDA

高考英语完形填空
Many adults see teens as energetic. Many of us see ourselves as proud. This thinking __1__ many adults and us to have the idea that if we can’t handle school or __2__ life well, we are just not trying hard. But in my opinion, that may not be __3__. Earlier this school year, I was leaving my class one Friday __4__ suddenly it felt like I had pulled a muscle in my back. I knew I was ill.
After a few days I stopped eating. This meant I lost __5__； the clothes that I bought two weeks earlier began __6__ loose. This time my parents got scared. In addition, I started sleeping less. My eyelids (眼皮) were constantly __7__.I refused to accept that I was ill. I kept my job working 25 hours a week in a shop; I didn’t __8__ any classes. When I was hurting, I didn’t mind and kept on going. __9__it kills you, it makes you stronger, right?
But now I find myself thinking. Is it worth it? I’m taking the classes and working for the newspaper because it does good __10__ college applications. And I’m working 25 hours a week so that, once I get into my dream school, I can __11__ it.
Here I am, already sick from the __12__ of work I’m doing in and out of school. So, what good is a(n) __13__ application if I’m badly ill? What is the __14__ of doing this work if I can’t enjoy the results? In fact, by writing my story I’m telling all the people who __15__ much about the future to worry about it now.
(　　)1.A.makes　B．forces C．causes D．intends
(　　)2.A.still B．even C．just D．yet
(　　)3.A.true B．real C．wrong D．false
(　　)4.A.while B．when C．then D．how
(　　)5.A.face B．hope C．weight D．direction
(　　)6.A.hanging B．holding C．changing D．dressing
(　　)7.A.light B．shut C．open D．heavy
(　　)8.A.lose B．drop C．give D．take
(　　)9.A.Unless B．If C．Though D．Before
(　　)10.A.at B．to C．on D．with
(　　)11.A.control B．manage C．support D．afford
(　　)12.A.amount B．set C．kind D．number
(　　)13.A.suitable B．impressive C．believable D．usual
(　　)14.A.reason B．idea C．point D．tip
(　　)15.A.think B．careC．miss D．realize

【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。为了使自己的高校申请表更有吸引力，作者带病学习、工作后来，作者对这种舍本逐末的做法做出了自我反省。
1．C　 cause sb. to do sth.意为“促使某人做某事”，符合语境。
2．B　前文school与后文life之间存在递进关系，故选用even。
3．A　由下文可知，作者认为这种想法不见得真的如此。true意为“符合事实，是真的而不是假的或捏造的”，real意为“人或事物真实存在，而不是想象的或虚构的”。
4．B　语境：我刚要离开教室，恰在此时突然感觉像是背部抽筋了。 when是并列连词，连接前后两个句子，表示“恰在此时(突然)”，因此选B。
5．C　几天不吃饭体重当然下降。
6．A　hang在此表示衣服宽大、松弛的样子。
7．D　睡得少会感觉眼皮很重，故用heavy。
8．B　drop class意为“旷课”，符合语境。
9．A　作者固执地认为：生活中的磨难要么把人击倒，要么使人更坚强。
10．B　作者如此卖力地工作是为了让高校申请表看起来更吸引人。do good to意为“对……有利”。
11．D　这样舍命工作，作者是为了上得起抱负的高校。afford意为“花得起(钱)，拿得出(时间)”。
12．A　the amount of...意为“……的数量”，这里指“工作的量(大)”，不行数，因此不能用number。
13．B　申请表再有吸引力又有什么用呢？impressive 意为“有吸引力的”与上文 “does good”前后照应。
14．C　不能享受结果，做这些工作又有什么意义呢？point 意为“意义，道理”；reason意为“缘由”；idea 意为“想法”；tip意为“尖端，建议”。
15．B　关注将来的人，应担忧(关注)现在(的健康)。

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
It's interesting to see how people make use of the time they spend on public transport in Indian cities like Delhi and Mumbai.
In crowded buses and trains people manage to take a short nap and some even reach the snoring stage.Or they spread out a newspaper over multiple knees and arms to read about the latest sport results or political crisis.
Then there are the experienced travellers who have been playing cards with the same group over the last decade or so.They even have their specific seats so well－worn that you can make out the shape of their backsides.
There is no doubt about it.Travelling by public transport is being in the thick of the seasons of life－a sweaty life in summer where people，blissfully unaware of the rivers of sweat running down their brows and inside their clothes.At the first smell of a perfumed man or woman boarding the stuffy bus or train，most people feel they are reborn.
During the rains you can't avoid getting wet or muddied.The windows，almost always，are not a perfect fit and if you're not drenched by a sudden，heavy rain shower then you are bound to catch a jet spray of muddy water caused by a fellow motorist driving fast through a puddle.
The rains are a perfect time for people to switch their old umbrellas for new ones.Since there are so many that look alike，it's impossible to tell whose is whose.
Winter is the time when it feels good－or at least warm—to be part of a crowd.It is amazing how much the collective breaths of a hundred or so people can raise the freezing temperature inside.Looking at the masses dressed in their bright red pullovers or green coats，it's fun to imagine what faces lie beneath their dark woolen hats.
The cold winter passes，making way for spring.It is impossible not to see every little flower by the wayside blooming proudly.And the warm sun manages to transmit some of their pleasantness to the inside of a bus or train.
Now，wouldn't it be perfect if we had public transport worth the name in all our cities?
【语篇解读】 一般的画面，平常的生活，变化的季节，永恒的旋律，印度的公共交通工具上每天都演绎着平凡人平淡的故事。
1．On Indian public transport，you can always expect to see people ________.
A．sleeping and reading newspapers
B．arguing and playing games
C．enjoying the view and playing cards
D．carrying umbrellas and whispering politely
解析　细节理解题。依据其次段中的内容可知在印度的公共交通工具上，可以看到人们在睡觉或者在看报纸。
答案　A。
2．According to the author what will make passengers feel refreshed when travelling in summer?
A．The cool evening breeze.
B．The rain pouring over their clothes.
C．The joy of a game of cards.
D．The sweet fragrance of a new passenger.
解析　细节理解题。依据第四段最终一句的内容可知，一位新乘客散发出的香味能让车上的乘客神清气爽，犹如重生。
答案　D。
3．If you see people in colourful clothing and breathing heavily，you are probably travelling during the ________.
A．summer B．rainy seasons
C．winter D．spring
解析　推理推断题。依据倒数第三段中的内容可推知，当人们穿着各色衣服并且大口呼吸的时候，这里是”冬季”。
答案　C。
4．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．Indian people don't mind switching umbrellas with others
B．almost everyone in India wears perfume when they go out
C．the buses and trains are old and in poor conditions
D．Indian transport is the most crowded in the world
解析　推理推断题。结合第三段以及第五段中的内容可推知，公共汽车和火车都很破旧。
答案　C。
5．What is the tune of language used in this passage?
A．Humourous. B．Critical.
C．Frightening. D．Concerned.
解析　推理推断题。文章生动形象地刻画了印度公共交通工具上的众生相，依据文章中的多处细节描写可知作者笔调“幽默”。后三项分别表示“批判的”“令人恐惊的”“担忧的”，都不是本文的写作风格。
答案　A.