2021高考英语(三月)阅读类课外自练(8)及答案【南宁市】.docx

2021高考英语（三月）阅读类课外自练（8）及答案【南宁市】

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Stress caused by social situations, such as giving a speech or going to a job interview, can affect some people’s immune system in ways that harm their health, researchers have found.
The study included 124 volunteers who were purposely put into embarrassed social situations. Those who showed greater neural (神经) sensitivity to social rejection also had greater increases in inflammatory (炎症) activity when exposed to social stress.
“It turns out there are important differences in how people explain and respond to social situations,” lead author George Slavich, at the Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology at the University of California, Los Angeles, said in a UCLA news release.
“For example,” he explained, “we sometimes see giving a speech in front of an audience as a welcomed challenge; other times, it’s threatening and sad. In this study, we sought to examine the neural bases for these differences in response and to understand how these differences relate to biological processes that can affect human health and well-being.”
The findings provide “further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connected. We have known for a long time that social stress can get under the skin to increase risk for disease, but it’s been unclear exactly how these effects occur. As we know, this study is the first to identify the neurocognitive (神经认知) pathways that might be involved in inflammatory responses to sharp social stress,” Slavich said.
Increases in inflammatory activity are part of the immune system’s natural response to potentially harmful situations, but “frequent or chronic (慢性的) activation of the system may increase the risk for a variety of illnesses,” Slavich added.
The study was released online Aug. 2 in advance of publication in an upcoming print issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
1. Where do you first find the study?
A. A magazine.　　　B. A website.　　　 C. A literature.　　 D. An advertisement.
2. Judging from volunteers, 　　　might be more likely to have inflammation.
A. those who were more sensitive to social rejection
B. those who were purposely put into society
C. those who gave a speech before audience
D. those who suffered frequent or chronic illness
3. The author quotes examples of the fourth paragraph mainly to　　　.
A. show further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connected
B. prove important differences in how people explain and respond to social situations
C. explain volunteers are sensitive to social rejection when exposed to social stress
D. make clear that how stress caused by social situations breaks down immune system
4. We can infer that　　　if there is inflammatory response in people’s immune system.
A. chronic illness will be caused by the repeated stress
B. doctors can identify the neurocognitive pathways
C. people may avoid being affected by sharp social stress
D. risk of getting various diseases will be reduced
【参考答案】1—4、BABA　　

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
People can write many things about this life. In this case, precious moments become the compositions of history. What about you? People should learn from each other, thus they need to read the latest news. It is really interesting to spend your spare time and start your day in the morning. How can you get the information? You will never run out of choices, since there are many different resources to read out there. You can say hello to the world by clicking the mouse on your computer and you can also read the daily newspaper in your patio (庭院).
However, Internet offers fast and effective solutions for the readers. Reading the news on the Internet is just a simple task to do. If you are a mobile person, it is impossible for you to bring the computer and mouse. So, several digital devices are accessible to meet your needs of latest information. You have iPad, smart phone and some other possible solutions. They are your best friends to gain the information about every single thing which has happened in certain part of the world.
Now, it’s time to find the most reliable source. You can easily find the amount of websites on the Internet. They offer news and information about many different things, but only few of them will answer your questions. The reliable and accurate sources will let you read and think further about certain news and information. Definitely, you should find the site with various popular categories of news. There should be some categories such as business, sports and technology. Where should you go now?
You will find the answer at News Daily Spot and get the complete information about other issues. For you who love to know more about celebrity and biography, feel free to read the biography (传记) of several celebrities, such as Kourtney Kardashian. Read the news and see the face of the world today.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Many ways exist for us to know about the world.
B. Newspaper plays an important part in our daily life.
C. The Internet shortens the distance between people.
D. The Internet helps people get more information about the world.
2. You are always on business, so　　　.
A. it is convenient for you to carry a desktop computer
B. you’d better carry several digital devices
C. an iPad will benefit you a lot

D. you only read newspapers every day
3. Why does the author say “it’s time to find the most reliable source”?
A. You must find the reliable and accurate information.
B. You can get all answers to any questions.
C. Various websites will offer the same things.
D. You should use your head to think over after reading.
4. The purpose of the author is　　　.
A. to get us to know more about the usage of Internet
B. to advertise for News Daily Spot
C. to draw attention to News Daily Spot
D. to introduce more famous people
5. Why does the author mention Kourtney Kardashian?
A. To stress he is the most famous in the world.
B. To introduce the all-sidedness of the website.
C. To give answers to the questions above.
D. To show off the celebrities of the world.
【参考答案】1—5、DCDCB 　　

完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[谈论文型完形填空]
What separates people who reach their goals from everyone else is their ability to stay on track, despite challenges. __1__ will come; you can bet there will be chances for you to get off track. If you're an athlete, it may be an injury that causes you to have to __2__ practices. If you're trying to get to a healthy weight, you may have to travel __3__ and stay with a friend who doesn't like to work out. The point is that some kind of challenge will __4__.
How we deal with these challenges __5__ the victims from the victors. You can use challenges as a stepping __6__ or as a block, and you can use them to __7__ your ambition or block your view; the __8__ is yours.
Challenges should __9__ to make you stronger and more consistent as you attend to each difficulty. They should cause your __10__ to dig deeper, in search of a(n) __11__.
The problem arises when you don't __12__ challenges. If you can predict potential problems and plan __13__， you will have confidence and your belief in yourself will build up.
Your ability to stay __14__ and overcome difficulties is what will set you apart and allow you to achieve your goal.
Start working towards your dreams daily. Get started by setting down what your next step is to accomplish your goal. Then get into __15__ as you move closer to your goal daily.
1. A．Abilities B．Goals
C．Possibilities D．Challenges
2. A．miss B．strengthen
C．appreciate D．confuse
3. A．disappointedly B．unexpectedly
C．deliberately D．daily
4. A．raise B．arise
C．appoint D．turn
5. A．separates B．protects
C．shelters D．deserts
6. A．appointment B．arrangement
C．stone D．expectation
7. A．produce B．ignore
C．reduce D．strengthen
8. A．choice B．comment
C．preparation D．promise
9. A．provide B．serve
C．offer D．expect
10. A．characteristics B．ability
C．roots D．signs
11. A．solution B．comfort
C．study D．adaptation
12. A．blame B．accept
C．meet D．expect
13. A．actually B．otherwise
C．beforehand D．after
14. A．solved B．focused
C．deserted D．reduced
15. A．effort B．measure
C．plan D．action
A
【要点综述】 生活中我们会遇到各种各样的挑战，它们可能成为你成功路上的铺路石，也可能成为你实现人生目标的绊脚石，关键在于你如何去选择。
1．D　由下文可知，挑战是确定会毁灭的。ability力气； goal目标； possibility 可能性；challenge挑战。
2．A　由上文“你确定会遇到挑战”可知，假如你是一名运动员，你可能因受伤而缺席训练。miss 漏掉，错过；strengthen加强； appreciate感谢； confuse使困惑。
3．B　你想保持体重，却不得不进行意料之外的旅行。disappointedly无望地；unexpectedly 出乎意料地；deliberately有意地；daily每天。
4．B　总结上文可知，挑战总是会毁灭的。raise上升；arise产生，毁灭；appoint商定；turn旋转。
5．A　由文章的第一句可知，如何应对这些挑战是受害者和成功者的区分。separate分开；protect疼惜；shelter庇护；desert抛弃。
6．C　由下文可知，你可以把挑战当成铺路石，也可以当成绊脚石。appointment任命；arrangement支配；stone石头；expectation期盼。
7．D　由上文可知，你可以用挑战来坚决你的抱负，也可以让挑战来阻碍你的意图。
8．A　由上文可知，这个选择权在你自己的手中。choice选择；comment评论；preparation预备；promise许诺，承诺。
9．B　在你处理困难时，挑战应有助于让你更坚强、更有韧性。serve对……有用。
10．C　由上文可知，挑战会让你的根扎得更深(让你深化争辩问题)。root根；characteristic特征；ability力气；sign标记。
11．A　由上文可知，你会深化地争辩问题，寻求解决问题的方法。
12．D　当你没有预料到有挑战的时候，问题就会毁灭。blame指责；accept接受；meet遇见；expect预料。
13．C　由上文可知，假如你预见到潜在的问题并事先方案好，那么你确定会布满自信，更加信任自己。beforehand事先，提前。
14．B　由第一段首句可知，你的专注和克服困难的力气会使你比别人更加优秀，并且挂念你实现目标。focused专注的。
15．D　制定好目标，那就投入到实际行动中去吧。effort努力；measure措施；plan方案；action行动。