2021广州市高考英语阅读类训练(3)及答案【三月版】.docx

2021广州市高考英语阅读类训练（3）及答案【三月版】

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
“Luck is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity，” said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I’ve never watched her show, but when a self－made billionaire gives life advice, it’s probably worth listening to.
Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you’re a Chinese，you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump (树桩) for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.
A book written by the UK psychologist Richard Wiseman, called The Luck Factor, argues we can all make ourselves luckier. It’s not about going to a temple to burn some incense (香) in hopes that the gods will give you good fortune；it’s practical advice you can follow each day.
Wiseman conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he separated volunteers into two groups：those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, “Stop counting. There are 43 photographs in this newspaper，” was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message.
It’s easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are “lucky”， in fact, keep an open mind and don’t go through the same routine every day.
I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do. Like many foreigners，my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I’ve had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I’ve also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman’s studies I think not.
As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational thinking, but it’s important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem.
Finally, try to turn bad luck into good.Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English.
1. Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer’s point?
A．Make the best of a bad job.
B．Rome was not built in a day.
C．All that glitters is not gold.
D．A good heart conquers ill fortune.
2. What do you know about Oprah Winfrey?
A．She became famous through her family background.
B．She was very lucky and seldom suffered setbacks in her life.
C．She is a British talk show host.
D．She became successful by her own effort.
3. The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show________.
A. luck is in your own hand
B．bad luck can turn into good
C．you should not sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you
D．man can conquer nature
4. The underlined word “spot” is the closest in meaning to“________”.
A．recognize B．mark
C．locate D．receive
[解题导语]　本文为谈论文。作者认为命运只垂青那些有所预备的人。身处逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方设法化厄运为好运。每个人都可以做自己命运的仆人。
1. 解析：选A。 推理推断题。Make the best of a bad job意为“身处山穷水尽，力争柳暗花明”，与最终一段作者的观点“try to turn bad luck into good(把厄运变好运)”最为接近。故答案为A。Rome was not built in a day意为“伟业非一日可成”；All that glitters is not gold意为“闪光的东西并不都是金子”；A good heart conquers ill fortune意为“善心克厄运”。
2. 解析：选D。 细节理解题。依据第一段中的a self­made billionaire可知美国talk show主持人Oprah Winfrey是从白手起家，通过自我奋斗而成功的。
3．解析：选C。 推理推断题。依据其次段的内容可以推断，作者引用中国“守株待兔”的故事是为了说明“人们不应当待在家里等待机会的降落”的观点。
4．解析：选A。 词义猜想题。依据上文语境及The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message. 可知spot在句中用作及物动词，是“发觉，识别”之意。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
What makes a person a scientist？Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others？The answer is “NO”．It is not what the tools that a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.You will probably agree that knowing how to use the power is important to a carpenter (木匠)．You will probably agree，too，that knowing how to investigate (调查)，how to discover information，is important to everyone.The scientist，however，goes one step further，he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed (确认) by other persons.He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.
The scientist’s knowledge must be exact.There is no room for half right or right just half the time.He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit.What works under one set of conditions sometimes must work under the same conditions at other times.If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration (演示) must be explained by the changes in the conditions.This is one reason that investigations are important in science.Albert Einstein，who developed the theory of relativity，arrived at this theory through mathematics.The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations.Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct.A scientist uses many tools for measurements.Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.
1．What makes a scientist according to the passage?
A．The tools he uses. B．His ways of learning.
C．The ways he uses his tools. D．The different tools.
解析：　细节理解题。由第一段“It is not what the tools that a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.”可知。
答案：　C
2．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The scientist’s knowledge is always right under all conditions.
B．When the condition changes，the result of the observation may also change.
C．Condition makes no difference to scientists.
D．There’s no point for ordinary people knowing how to investigate.
解析：　细节理解题。由其次段“If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration (演示) must be explained by the changes in the conditions.”可知。
答案：　B
3．“The scientist，however，goes one step further，...”the author says this to show ________.
A．the importance of information
B．the importance of thinking
C．the difference between scientists and ordinary people
D．the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs
解析：　句意理解题。上文提到了如何调查，如何发觉信息对每个人来说都很重要，下文用however引起转折，说明科学家们应当更进一步，他必需确保问题有合理的答案。故此处的the scientist，however，goes one step further，...用来说明科学家和一般人的不同之处。
答案：　C
4．A scientific theory should be one that________.
A．not only works under one set of conditions sometimes，but also works under the same conditions at other times
B．leaves no room for improvement
C．does not allow any change even under different conditions
D．can be used for many purposes
解析：　细节理解题。由“What works under one set of conditions sometimes must work under the same conditions at other times.”可知答案。
答案：　A
5．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Scientists are different from ordinary people.
B．The theory of relativity.
C．Exactness is the center of science.
D．Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.
解析：　主旨大意题。本文第一句“What makes a person a scientist？”提出了文章的主题，第一段论述“how a scientist uses these tools makes him a scientist”，其次段论述“The scientist’s knowledge must be exact”，故D正确。其余各项只是文章中的细节。
答案：　D。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
Like many people you may be dreaming of a career as a rock and roll star. There are two ways to go about getting one. First there is the traditional way. Find some friends and form a group. Learn to play the guitar or the drums. Write your own songs. Spend hours arguing about the band name. Then go on the road.
The next step is to spend a year or two touring. If you are good, the crowds will get bigger. In the end an artist from a record company may come to a show. If he or she likes you，there may be a deal. This is the route traditionally followed by bands in the music industry. Success means fame and wealth. And failure gives you some interesting stories to tell your children.
Over the last few years a different path to success has become known. Boy bands like Boyzone and girl bands like the Spice Girls don't come together on their own.They are created by managers and record companies.Their image is strictly controlled. Professional song writers usually write their music. This is a convenient arrangement and the public seems to love the result.
Though boy and girl bands have become very popular recently，there is a long tradition of making music in this way. In the early 1960's an American businessman called Berry Gordy founded Motown Records. Motown is short for “motor town”. The record company was based in the city of Detroit, where thousands of African­Americans had moved to work in the car industry. They brought with them a cultural tradition of writing and performing music. This style later became known as “soul music” Berry Gordy was a diamond miner. He took raw talent from the street and polished it until it shone. Motown stars were not just given songs to sing. They were also taught how to dress well and speak properly.
1．In the first paragraph the writer seems to tell us ________.
A. to form a band is very hard
B. the name of the band is very important
C. newly­built bands can only perform by road
D. to form a band is very simple
答案：D　推断题。依据第一段中“First...”所在的句子可看出作者认为组成一个乐队格外简洁。
2．If a newborn band wants to succeed, as the writer tells, it must have the chance________.
A. to travel in big cities
B. to perform before an artist
C. to make an agreement with a record company
D. to experience failure again and again
答案：C　细节题。依据其次段中“In the end an artist from a record company may come to a show. If he or she likes you, there may be a deal.”可知C项正确。
3．From the fourth paragraph，we can conclude that ________.
A. Motown was only enjoyed by the workers in Detroit
B. Motown showed the style of the black Americans
C. Detroit used to be famous for its music industry
D. Detroit was founded by African­Americans
答案：B　细节题。依据该段中“.. where thousands of African­Americans had moved to work in the car industry.”而确定选B项。
4．From the passage, we can learn that Motown stars________.
A. used to be miners
B. used to dress poorly
C. became perfect little by little
D. came from Berry Gordy's hometown
答案：C　推理推断题。依据最终一段中“He took raw talent from the street and polished it until it shone.”可知C项是最佳选项。

完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
The Florida sun baked my shoulders as I worked along the I-595 freeway near Fort Lauderdale, picking up rubbish. I paused to 1 the sweat off my forehead and look up at the cloudless blue sky. “ 2 can’t it rain?” I thought. That would 3 things down.
I thought about my 4 , who were probably sitting in an air-conditioned 5 right now. I’d had some problems in school, 6 my parents decided to let me 7 full-time with my dad, We both worked for my uncle, who had taken 8 of a maintenance（道路养护）company. It was up to us to keep the roads 9 of rubbish. The job was 10 and dirty, especially on hot days
11 this. I wondered why I ever agreed to do it.
We continued our 12 route along the I-595, 13 for the overpass bridge. Then I noticed an area where some 14 were broken on the ground. It wasn’t like that before.
“Dad! Pull over! I want to 15 something out.”
I jumped off the truck and rushed to the bridge. Something was telling me to 16 …there wasn’t much time. 17 I saw a Toyota that 18 upside down in the tree. Maybe it was a stolen car that somebody 19 there, I thought. Then, just at that 20 , I noticed something moving. It was a bloody leg poking out of the driver’s side window!
“Heeeelp!” a lady moaned.
( ) 1. A．wipe B．cut C．put D．send
( ) 2. A．When B．How C．Why D．Where
( ) 3. A．turn B．keep C．make D．cool
( ) 4. A．parents B．school-times C．friends D．school yards
( ) 5. A．office B．classroom C．restaurant D．living room
( ) 6. A．but B．or C．for D．so
( ) 7. A．work B．study C．stay D．spend
( ) 8. A．business B．possession C．position D．place
( ) 9. A．away B．from C．far D．clear
( ) 10. A．easy B．lonely C．smelly D．noisy
( ) 11. A．for B．like C．after D．as
( ) 12. A．regular B．common C．unusual D．normal
( ) 13. A．reaching B．going C．looking D．heading
( ) 14. A．cars B．bottles C．branches D．glasses
( ) 15. A．check B．help C．take D．bring
( ) 16. A．decide B．hurry C．consider D．stop
( ) 17. A．Above B．Behind C．Ahead D．Below
( ) 18. A．hung B．trapped C．caught D．fell
( ) 19. A．stored B．deserted C．lost D．hid
( ) 20. A．bridge B．tree C．moment D．way
答案解析
1.【答案】A
【解析】依据后面的宾语sweat可知答案，wipe擦。
2.【答案】C
【解析】天热，活脏，因此作者期望下雨。此处用特殊疑问句why表达作者渴望下雨的心情。
3.【答案】D
【解析】下雨可以使万物凉快下来。
4.【答案】C
【解析】依据后面的定语从句可排解B，D，作者的父亲和他在一起工作，故排解A项。另外，下文也提到了作者在学校时的情形。
5.【答案】B
【解析】此处作者通过回忆自己的同学在教室上课的情形与自己工作环境形成鲜亮的对比。后文也解释了作者辍学参与工作的缘由。
6.【答案】D
【解析】此句与上一句为因果关系。
7.【答案】A
【解析】结合后文作者的工作性质可知，和父亲一起为叔叔工作。
8.【答案】B
【解析】take possession of拥有，掌管。
9.【答案】D
【解析】作者的工作就是清除路上的垃圾保持路面清洁。
10.【答案】C
【解析】依据作者的工作（picking up rubbish）可知，这项工作既脏，气味也难闻，尤其是在夏天的时候。
11.【答案】B
【解析】第一段提到了这一天很热，像这么热的天，清理垃圾这种工作确定又脏又难闻。
12.【答案】A
【解析】regular通常的，例行的。作者的工作是清理路面，这个工作具有反复性，即同一线路要定期清理。
13.【答案】D
【解析】head for朝……驶去。结合前一句话可知，作者正往天桥驶去。
14.【答案】C
【解析】后文所列举的事故是一辆丰田汽车倒挂在树上。 因此，树枝被折断散落在地上。
15.【答案】A
【解析】check…out：检查。作者把车停到路边检查发生了什么事。
16.【答案】B
【解析】依据后一句话 there wasn’t much time 可知答案。
17.【答案】D
【解析】作者在高速路上工作，汽车落在树上应是坠落。
18.【答案】A
【解析】汽车倒挂在了树上。fall下落，强调动作。如选B，C应当用被动语态。
19.【答案】B
【解析】desert抛弃。
20.【答案】C
【解析】正在我想那是一辆偷来的车时，突然留意到有人正晃动受伤的腿。