2021高考英语(三月)阅读、短文改错自练(3)答案(广州市).docx

2021高考英语（三月）阅读、短文改错自练（3）答案（广州市）

阅读理解。
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽视) the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
( ) 1. The discovery shows that Westerners .
A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B. consider facial expressions universally reliable
C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
( ) 2. What were the people asked to do in the study?
A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive.
C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers' faces.
( ) 3. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A. The participants in the study. B. The researchers of the study.
C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study. ( ) 4. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to .
A. do translation more successfully
B. study the mouth more frequently
C. examine the eyes more attentively
D. read facial expressions more correctly
( ) 5. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
【语篇解读】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍了最新的科学争辩发觉：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。
1. 答案：A
考点：细节理解题
解析：依据第三段 “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽视) the mouth.” 可以得出答案
2. 答案：C
考点：细节理解题
解析：依据第五段 “…by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.”可以推断选C
3. 答案：A
考点：词义猜想
解析：依据定语从句 “that they show”所修饰的 eye movements 在争辩中为the participants 所作（从the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people”可知）可推断选A
4. 答案：C
考点：细节理解题
解析：依据第六段 “It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners.”可推断选C
5. 答案：B
考点：主旨大意题
解析：文章首先指出科学争辩的最新发觉：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍争辩的结构及其争辩过程，最终得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此推断最佳标题应为B。

阅读理解【2022·湛江市一般高考测试一】
When you make a mistake，big or small，cherish it as it’s the most precious thing in the world.
Most of us feel bad when we make mistakes，beat ourselves up about it，feel like failures，and get mad at ourselves.
And that’s only natural：Most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad，and we should try to avoid mistakes.We’ve been scolded when we make mistakes—at home，school and work.Maybe not always，but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.
Yet without mistakes，we could not learn or grow.If you think about it that way，mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world：They make learning possible；they make growth and improvement possible.
By trial and error—trying things，making mistakes，and learning from those mistakes—we have figured out how to make electric lights，to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel，and to fly.
Mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler，make speech possible，and make works of genius possible.
Think about how we learn：We don’t just consume information about something and instantly know it or know how to do it.You don’t just read about painting，or writing，or computer programming，or baking，or playing the piano，and know how to do them fight away.Instead，you get information about something，from reading or from another person or from observing usually...then you construct a model in your mind...then you test it out by trying it in the real world...then you make mistakes...then you revise the model based on the results of your real world experimentation...and repeat，making mistakes，learning from those mistakes，until you’ve pretty much learned how to do something.
That’s how we learn as babies and toddlers，and how we learn as adults.Mistakes are how we learn to do something new—because if you succeed in something，it’s probably something you already knew how to do.You haven’t really grown much from that success—at most it’s the last step on your journey，not the whole journey.Most of the journey is made up of mistakes，if it’s a good journey.
So if you value learning，if you value growing and improving，then you should value mistakes.They are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible.
1．Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes?
A．Because mistakes make us suffer a lot.
B．Because it’s a natural part in our life.
C．Because we’ve been taught so from a young age.
D．Because mistakes have ruined many people’s careers.
2．According to the passage，what is the right attitude to mistakes?
A．We should try to avoid making mistakes.
B．We should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.
C．We should treat mistakes as good chances to learn.
D．We should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.
3．The underlined word “toddler” in Paragraph 6 probably means________.
A．a small child learning to walk
B．a kindergarten child learning to draw
C．a primary pupil learning to read
D．a school teenager learning to write
4．We can learn from the passage that________.
A．most of us can really grow from success
B．growing and improving are based on mistakes
C．we learn to make mistakes by trial and error
D．we read about something and know how to do it right away
5．The author wants to tell us________.
A．what you should do when meeting with difficulties
B．where you can find your mistakes
C．how you can avoid making mistakes
D．why you should celebrate your mistakes

语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要说明错误是生活中不行避开的事情，我们应当正确对待错误，在修正错误中不断地学习和成长。
6．解析：　细节理解题。依据第三段第一句话中“Most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad，and we should try to avoid mistakes.”可知，C项符合题意。
答案：　C
7．解析：　推理推断题。依据文章第一段“When you make a mistake，big or small，cherish it as it’s the most precious thing in the world”以及下文的表述可推断，人们在错误中学习和提高，故选C项。
答案：　C
8．解析：　词义猜想题。依据该词所在句子中“walking”和“smallest”可猜想，此处toddler应指“蹒跚学步的孩子”。句意为：错误使幼小的孩子学会走路成为可能，使学会讲话成为可能……故选A项。
答案：　A
9．解析：　推理推断题。依据第八段第三句话中“ You haven’t really grown much from that success”可知，A项与文章不符；依据第五段第一句话“By trial and error—trying things，making mistakes，and learning from those mistakes”可知，C项与文章不符；依据第七段第一、二句话可知，D项与文章不符。依据第四段中“they make growth and improvement possible”可推断B项与文章相符。
答案：　B
10．解析：　推理推断题。文章开头提出了文章的写作主旨，即我们应当珍惜错误。全文叙述了为什么我们应当珍惜并庆祝我们的错误。
答案：　D。

短文改错
　　Many teachers worry about the effects of television on young
　　people. According to studies, any children spend more time 1. _______
　　watching television than they spend in school. Because so 2. _______
　　much viewing, children may not be develop the habit of3. _______
　　read and the ability to enjoy themselves. No one worries 4. _______
　　much about the radio program young people listen to, 5. _______
　　although radios can be very noise. Teachers also wonder 6. _______
　　about the effects of television commercials. On one year the 7. _______
　　average child will see 25,000 television commercials, all 8. _______
　　plann
ed and written by grown-ups to make children to want9. _______
　　things that they don’t real need. 10. ______
　　答案及解析
　　1. any 改为 many/some。依据句意， 此处应表示“一些， 很多”， 而 any 表示“一些”时， 经常用于否定句、 疑问句和条件句中。
　　2. Because 后面加 of。此处 so much viewing 相当于一个名词， 故加 of。
　　3. 删去 be。此处 may not develop 已经构成谓语动词部分， be 属于多余。
　　4. read 改为 reading。of 为介词， 后面需要接名词、 代词、 动名词作宾语。
　　5. program 改为 programs。program 为可数名词， 且依据句意， 此处应为复数概念。
　　6. noise 改为 noisy。noise 为名词， noisy 为形容词。此处应用形容词构成系表结构。
　　7. On 改为 In。依据上下文规律， 此处意为“在一年中”。
　　8. 此行无错。
　　9. 删去其次个 to。make sb. do sth. 为固定搭配， 意为“让某人做某事”。
　　10. real 改为really。此处应用副词修饰谓语动词 don’t need。