2021青岛市高考英语阅读理解自练及答案2.docx

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
体裁：记叙文　话题：人生百态　时间：7分钟
The Olympic medal ceremonies have already begun.But some athletes hardly disguise their disappointment when silver and not gold is hung around their necks.The British judo silver medallist Neil Adams calls his two from the 1980s “loser's medals”．
Until four years ago，they were in a box at the back of a cupboard.His wife then had them framed for his 50th birthday and they are now up on the wall.
Adams feels proud when he looks at them，but his thoughts quickly turn to “what ifs”．“I wouldn't change much”，he adds.And he wouldn't need to.Gold was within his grasp twice，but slipped away by a narrow margin on the judo mat.
“The losses at the Olympic Games were the most difficult thing for me to accept，” he said.“I didn't win the silver medal.I lost the gold.In my mind they were losses.It has taken more than 30 years to get over it.”
Mark Cavendish，Jessica Ennis and Mo Farah have never won Olympic gold，but they came into London 2022 as three of Team GB's biggest medal hopes.Unfortunately，Cavendish has already suffered disappointment in the cycling road race.Neil Adams was in that same position in both the 1980 and 1984 games.However，in a career in which he collected every other judo accolade，things simply went wrong at the Olympics.
In Moscow 1980，Adams was just 21 years old and found the media focus and pressure of expectation too much.
Asked about being a favourite，Adams said：“It is hell，and about how you cope with it in the mind.It can make you afraid to win or lose and there is a difference.I was afraid to lose.Sometimes you freeze.Sometimes it takes you over.”
Adams says that he was very cautious and that when something was tactical and technical he approached it too tactically.Perhaps it's better to go in with a ‘nothing to lose’ attitude.That might be the reason why the Olympic Games have often created surprise results.Sometimes it's the ones who keep their cool and work the hardest who get the results.
【语篇导读】　参与奥运会的运动员都期望获得金牌，而那些与金牌失之交臂获得银牌的运动员的心里是什么味道儿呢？
1．Where are Neil Adams'silver medals now?
A．Around his neck. B．At the back of a cupboard.
C．In a box. D．On the wall.
解析　细节理解题。依据其次段其次句可知，现在这两枚银牌被他的妻子裱框后挂在了墙上。
答案　D
2．How long did Adams keep the medals in the box?
A．More than 30 years. B．More than 40 years.
C．More than 20 years. D．No more than 20 years.
解析　细节理解题。依据文章内容可知，他分别于1980年和1984年参与奥运会，并分别夺得了一枚银牌，但他的两枚银牌是在四年前才从盒子里拿出来的，也就是2008年，那么第一枚银牌在盒子里放了28年，其次枚银牌放了24年。因此答案应为20多年。
答案　C
3．Adams always felt it a pity to win silver medals because ________.
A．he was narrowly beaten by the champion
B．he didn't try his best
C．he lacked techniques
D．he was too greedy
解析　细节理解题。依据文章第三段最终一句可知，他原来是能够获胜的，但最终都是对手牵强获得冠军，这让他觉得很惋惜。
答案　A
4．What advice does the author give to other athletes?
A．Try to become the media focus.
B．Keep their cool and work hard.
C．Try to do better next time.
D．Use as many techniques as possible.
解析　细节理解题。依据文章最终一句可知，作者建议其他运动员要保持冷静并努力熬炼，因此选择B。
答案　B。

【广东省2022届高三考前冲刺卷(四)】C
Marie Curie was a Polish physicist and chemist who lived between 1867—1934.Together with her husband，Pierre，she discovered two new elements (radium and polonium，two radioactive elements that they extracted chemically from pitch­blended ore) and studied the x­rays they emitted.She found that the harmful properties of x­rays were able to kill tumors.By the end of World War Ⅰ，Marie Curie was probably the most famous woman in the world.She had made a conscious decision，however，not to patent methods of processing radium or its medical applications.
Marie Curie was born on November 7,1867 in Poland and died on July 4,1934.Her co­discovery with her husband Pierre Curie of the radioactive elements radium and polonium represents one of the best­known stories in modern science for which they were recognized in 1901 with the Nobel Prize in Physics.In 1911，Marie Curie was honored with a second Nobel Prize，this time in Chemistry，to honor her for successfully isolating pure radium and determining radium’s atomic weight.
As a child，Marie Curie amazed people with her great memory.She learned to read when she was only four years old.Her father was a professor of science and the instruments that he kept in a glass case fascinated Marie.She dreamed of becoming a scientist，but that would not be easy.Her family became very poor，and at the age of 18，Marie became a governess.She helped pay for her sister to study in Paris.Later，her sister helped Marie with her education.In 1891，Marie attended the Sorbonne University in Paris where she met and married Pierre Curie，a well­known physicist.
Marie Curie contributed greatly to our understanding of radioactivity and the effects of x­rays.She received two Nobel Prizes for her brilliant work，but died of leukaemia，caused by her repeated exposure to radioactive materials.
36．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．To give us a general introduction to Madame Curie.
B．To show us how Madame Curie discovered radium.
C．To tell us how Madame Curie developed as a scientist.
D．To tell us how Madame Curie received two Nobel Prizes.
37．Madame Curie was given the Nobel Prize in Chemistry because ________.
A．she discovered radium
B．she separated pure radium and calculated its atomic weight
C．she discovered polonium
D．she didn’t patent methods of processing radium
38．Which of the following statements about Madame Curie is NOT true?
A．Madame Curie made great contributions to medical science.
B．Madame Curie was very smart and ambitious when she was a child.
C．Madame Curie received two Nobel Prizes in Physics.
D．Madame Curie’s husband helped her a lot in her research.
39．We can infer from the third paragraph that ______.
①Madame Curie got married when she was at college.
②Madame Curie had a great ambition when she was young.
③Madame Curie loved teaching more than anything else.
④Madame Curie must have met a lot of difficulties to get high education.
⑤Her father had a great influence on Madame Curie’s future career.
⑥Madame Curie was very smart when she was a child.
A．①②④⑤⑥ B．②④⑤⑥
C．②③④⑤⑥ D．①②③④⑤
40．Which is the right order about Madame Curie according to the passage?
a．married Pierre
b．attended university
c．discovered radium
d．determined radium’s atomic weight
e．won the Nobel Prize in Physics
A．b，c，a，d，e B．b，a，c，d，e
C．b，a，c，e，d D．b，c，a，e，d
36．A　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知。]
37．B　[细节理解题。依据文中其次段最终一句话可知答案。]
38．C　[依据其次段内容可知居里夫人两次获得诺贝尔奖，其次次是诺贝尔化学奖。]
39．B　[推理推断题。依据第一、二句话可知居里夫人格外聪慧；第三句可知居里夫人的父亲对她有很大影响；第四句可知她有很大的抱负；依据第五句话可知她所遇到的困难。她当家庭老师只是由于家庭贫困依据最终一句话可知她在上高校期间遇到了其丈夫，但结婚不愿定是在求学期间。]
40．C　[细节理解题。依据全文可知答案为C项。]

【广东省2022届高三考前冲刺卷(四)】D
Living in the wild can be hard.Finding food and staying safe aren’t easy.Each day，animals struggle to survive in their habitats.Not all animals get by on their own.Some animals form a close partnership with other kinds of animals.These pairings are called symbiotic (共生的) relationships.
In a symbiotic relationship，the animals depend on each other.One animal helps the other meet its needs.Sounds good，right? Not always.Some animals are not very kind to their partners.In some cases，one animal meets its needs but hurts its partner.Take ticks，for example.These insects suck blood to live.To get blood，they attach themselves to other kinds of animals.Ticks can pass germs that cause disease instead of helping their hosts.
In other relationships，animals don’t treat their partners so poorly.Both animals benefit from living with the other animals.
Small animals called cleaner shrimps have found a way of helping fish at coral reefs.As their name suggests，the shrimps clean the fish.They hang out at what scientists call a cleaning station.A fish stops by.Then a shrimp climbs onto the fish and even steps into the fish’s mouth.The shrimp uses its tiny claws to pick stuff off the fish’s body.That can include dead skin，tiny pieces of food，and wee creatures that can hurt the fish.The fish gets a nice cleaning.The shrimp enjoys a tasty meal of fish trash.
Small birds called plovers are also in the cleaning business.They have big customers—crocodiles.Crocs have long snouts (鼻子) filled with sharp teeth.Cleaning them is tricky.When a croc opens its mouth，the plover hops right in.The croc does not snap its snout shut.Instead，it lets the plover eat small，harmful animals attached to the crocodile’s teeth.The plover gets an easy meal while the croc gets clean teeth.
41．The text is mainly about ________.
A．the hard life in the wild
B．some dangerous animals
C．animals living together
D．animals in a symbiotic relationship
42．According to the text，in a symbiotic relationship，______.
A．animals depend on each other
B．birds depend on animals for food
C．both sides can get help
D．not all animals treat their partners well
43．Why do the cleaner shrimps clean the fish?
A．To get fish trash for food.
B．To eat wee creatures.
C．To help fish go out of coral reefs.
D．To get food for fish.
44．When plovers hop into crocodiles’ mouths，they ________.
A．are really to clean crocodiles’ teeth
B．are to make crocodiles happy
C．aren’t afraid of being eaten
D．aren’t happy to clean the crocodiles’ teeth
45．According to the text，it can be inferred that ______.
A．living in the wild can be hard
B．different animals have different living ways
C．crocodiles mainly live on plovers[来源:
D．ticks are useful to some animals
41．D　[主旨大意题。本文主要是介绍了生物界的一种共生现象，也就是说生物之间相互依存，相互挂念。故答案选D项。选项C表达语意不精确，表达范围太广。]
42．D　[深层理解题。由文章其次、三、四段可知，有共生现象的动物中，有的是相互得到挂念，而有的是单方面的。故答案为D项。]
43．A　[细节理解题。由文章第四段可知，cleaner shrimps之所以要挂念鱼清理垃圾，主要是由于想得到它们想吃的食物——fish trash。故答案为A项。]
44．C　[细节理解题。由文章最终一段可知，plovers是不担忧被鳄鱼咬伤的，由于鳄鱼是期望plovers这样做的，而对于plovers而言，其真正的目的是为了得到自己的食物。故答案为C项。]
45．B　[推理推断题。文章第一段就提到有些动物是靠自己去捕获食物，而文章又举例讲了一些动物是靠共生来猎取食物的，也就是说不同的动物有不同的方式来生存，所以答案为B项。选项A是文章直接叙述的；选项C表达与原文不全都；选项D是无法推断出的。]

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
If you were walking around a supermarket and saw a woman with a shaved head, a ring through her nose, a tattoo（纹身）design on her arm and she has a small child in her shopping trolley, what would your opinion be? Do you think this kind of body decoration is attractive or ugly Different people have different ideas. The following are some examples of body decoration from around the world.
In many parts of Africa, it is thought that an attractive girl should have really shinny skin.
On Bali, a little island in Indonesia, they believe that a beautiful woman or handsome man must have perfectly straight, flat teeth. The Balinese believe that teeth with pointed edges make you look like an ugly wild animal. So when a girl or boy becomes a teenager, he or she is taken to a special person in their village who will file off teeth points to make them smooth and flat. There is no anesthetic（麻药）and this tooth filing is really painful. It is a kind of test. If you can stand it without screaming or crying too much, then you are thought ready to become an adult.
In Myanmar, there is a small group of people who are called the “Papaung”. They believe that a woman can only be really beautiful if she has a long neck. I mean a VERY long neck. Now you might think that you are either born with a long or short neck and that there’s nothing whatever you can do about it. But you would be wrong! At around the age of 5, a Papaung girl has heavy metal rings fitted around her neck, tightly between the chin and shoulders. Each year more rings are added and very, very slowly their weight pushes the shoulders down, in this way making the neck look longer. A Papaung woman will wear her neck rings all her life, never once taking them off.
So now I’m sure you will all agree that different people have different ideas about what is beautiful.
26. What is mainly talked about in paragraph one?
A. Women’s design.                                B. Beautiful body decoration.
C. Body decoration. D. Attractive decoration. 
【答案】C
【解析】大意归纳题。第一段讲的是假如你在超市里见到一个剃光头，穿鼻环，胳膊上有纹身并且在购物车里推着一个小孩的女人，你会有什么看法。你认为这样的装饰是有魅力的还是丑陋的。由此可见答案选C。
27. What does the underlined word “trolley” mean?
A. schoolbag                 B. luggage            C. basket D. shopping cart 
【答案】D
【解析】词义猜想题。由在超市里和“she has a small child”可以推断出，孩子是在购物车里。
28. On Bali, it is believed that _________.
A. a person with straight, flat teeth looks ugly
B. a person with sharp teeth looks ugly
C. a teenager’s teeth points must be filed off with anesthetic
D. no one will scream or cry when having his teeth points filed off
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由“The Balinese believe that teeth with pointed edges make you look like an ugly wild animal.”可知在巴厘岛牙齿尖的人被认为是丑陋的。
29. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Many people think that a woman with a ring through nose is neither attractive nor ugly.
B. Most African people think that a girl with shinny skin is beautiful.
C. It is thought that a beautiful woman should have straight, flat teeth on Bali.
D. Some people think it beautiful that a woman has a long neck in Myanmar.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。本文并没有讲到人们对于穿鼻环的女人有什么看法，只是举这个例子来说不同的人有不同的观点。所以A得说法不正确。
30. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Different ideas about beautiful.
B. Body Decoration.
C. Who is a beautiful woman?
D. What is beautiful?
【答案】D
【解析】标题归纳题。通过本文介绍巴厘岛和缅甸人对于秀丽的不用看法以及最终的“different people have different ideas about what is beautiful.”可以总结出文章的标题是“什么是秀丽？”