2021高中英语一轮复习阶段性效果检测题18Word版含答案.docx

Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2021·杭州模拟)The flight to Antarctica was delayed by the lack _______ information about the weather conditions there.
A. in　　　B. from　　　C. for　　　D. of
2. —Just a minute, Miss White, our glasses have been　　　　.
—Oh, sorry, they look like the same, and I am so careless.
A. switched B. stolen
C. broken D. robbed
3. (2021·嘉兴模拟)Don’t believe in those ads that you can master a language in one month. Instead, it is a(n)　　　process, which may last for years.
A. rapid B. instant
C. gradual D. regular
4. Those trucks, filled with all kinds of relief supplies, are　　　　to the earthquake-stricken areas.
A. speeding up B. keeping up
C. holding up D. putting up
5. The heavy fog in London made　　　deep impression on us, which was sometimes so heavy that we lost　　　sight of everything around us.
A. a; the B. a; 不填
C. the; the D. the; 不填
6. (原创) “Carrier Style” was named after the “Gangnam Style” music video and rapidly　　　online.
A. took up B. took on
C. took off D. took in
7. She insisted that animals should live in their natural　　　.
A. surrounding B. resources
C. environments D. surroundings
8. Her parents’quarreling with each other　　　　led to her family’s breaking up.
A. strictly B. constantly
C. hardly D. occasionally
9. She couldn’t　　　the pain any more and screamed loudly.
A. release B. tolerate
C. feel D. foresee
10. Every person has his own way in learning English. No one should　　　　his own way upon other people.
A. press B. fix C. impress D. fit
11. (2021·太原模拟)—Can you speed it up a little? I’ll be late for my flight.
—　　　. I’m taking a short cut. We’ll make it on time.
A. OK, I’ll speed it up B. Never mind
C. Take it easy D. Take your time
12. The old man was very angry when he　　　　his daughter dancing with a middle-aged man last night.
A. caught the sight of B. caught sight of
C. caught a sight D. caught sight
13. The old man volunteers to　　　the fallen leaves in the street every autumn.
A. sweep aside B. sweep up
C. clear up D. make up
14. (2021·湖州模拟)　　　every day, the information on the Internet is always new and up-to-date.
A. Updated B. Updating
C. To update D. Having updated
15. I’d love to be surrounded by hills and streams. They’re so much better　　　than concrete(混凝土), rows of parked cars and tall buildings.
A. being looked at B. to be looked at
C. to look at D. looking at
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
(A)
　　I just hope that our brains won’t crash(死机). Are you working on your typing skills to make you a more efficient worker? That may be all for nothing as Intel believes that we’ll be able to control our computers with our brains by 2022.
　　Intel and its research partners are studying how brain acts when it thinks. For example, scientists have found that people’s brains react in a similar manner when asked to think of a bear.
　　Through sensors(感应器)that can find this sort of brain activity, Intel thinks that it will be able to read and translate this into an input system thanks to a chip in the brain.
　　 “We’re trying to prove you can do interesting things with brain waves. ” Intel research scientist Dean Pomerleau told Computerworld. “Eventually people may be willing to be more devoted to brain implants(植入物). Imagine being able to surf the Web with the power of your thoughts. ”
　　Even if thinking about a bear isn’t enough to show that you want to copy and paste something. Intel still thinks that there’s a future in using your brain instead of the keyboard.
　　 “If we can get to the point where you can accurately find specific words, you could mentally type, ” he added. “You could compose characters or words by thinking about letters flashing on the screen or typing whole words rather than their individual characters. ”
　　While this may all sound impractical for present time, Intel thinks that it’s possible and something we’ll all want.
　　 “I think human beings are unusually adaptive, ” said Andrew Chien, vice president of research and director of future technologies research at Intel Labs. “If you told people 20 years ago that they would be carrying computers all the time, they would have said, ‘I don’t want that. I don’t need that. ’Now you can’t get them to stop carrying devices. There are a lot of things that have to be done first, but I think implanting chips into human brains is well within the scope of possibility. ”
　　Make good use of your favorite mouse and keyboard set-up before they’re old-fashioned. (427W)
1. What are Intel and its partners doing at present?
A. Controlling our computers with our brains.
B. Working on typing skills to improve efficiency.
C. Studying how the brain behaves when it thinks.
D. Finding how the brain reacts when it thinks of a bear.
2. It is thought that brain activity can be translated into an input system by means of　　　.
A. sensors that can notice brain activity
B. interesting brain waves
C. the power of thoughts
D. a chip in the brain
3. According to Dean Pomerleau, we can learn that　　　.
A. brain implants will not be accepted
B. he holds negative attitude to the research
C. mentally typing will be possible in the future
D. people need a period of time to accept the new idea
4. Computers were taken for example by Andrew Chien (in the last but one paragraph) to prove　　　　.
A. nothing is impossible
B. mankind has great power
C. society is always changing
D. human beings can adapt very well
5. In the last paragraph, the author probably means that　　　.
A. there will be no mouse or keyboard any more
B. new kinds of mouse and keyboard will appear
C. human brains will replace the present computers
D. the mouse and keyboard should be used to the full
(B)
　　(原创)A bicycle made almost entirely of cardboard has the potential to change transportation habits from the world’s most crowded cities to the poorest reaches of Africa, its Israeli inventor says.
Izhar Gafni, 50, is an expert in designing automated mass-production lines. He is an amateur cycling enthusiast who for years considered an idea of making a bicycle from cardboard.
After much trial and error(反复试验), his latest model has now proven itself and mass production will begin in a few months.
“I was always fascinated by applying uncommon technologies to materials and I did this on several occasions. I worked for four years to get rid of the cardboard’s weak structural points, ” Gafni said.
“Making a cardboard box is easy and it can be very strong and durable(耐用的), but to make a bicycle was extremely difficult and I had to find the right way to fold the cardboard in several different directions. It took a year and a half, with lots of testing and failure until I got it right, ” he said.
Once the shape has been formed and cut, the cardboard is treated with a secret mixture made of organic materials to give it its waterproof(防水的)and fireproof qualities. In the final stage, it is coated with paint for appearance.
In testing the durability of the treated cardboard, Gafni said he dipped a cross-section(横截面)in the water for several months and it kept all its hardened characteristics.
Once ready for production, the bicycle will include no metal parts, even the brake mechanism and the wheel and pedal bearings will be made of recycled substances.
Gafni owns several top-of-the-range bicycles which he said are worth thousands of dollars each, but when his own creation reaches mass production, it should cost no more than about $20 to buy. The costs of materials used are estimated at $9 per unit. (295W)
6. The bicycle mentioned in the passage　　　.
A. is made completely of cardboard
B. is made by a professional designer
C. will only change transportation habits of the people in the cities
D. will be mass-produced within a year
7. Izhar Gafni is a person who　　　.
A. was crazy about putting some technologies to use
B. worked for four years before he could fold the cardboard in several directions
C. made a cardboard bicycle as easily as a box
D. took a year and a half to remove the cardboard’s weak structural points
8. Izhar Gafni dipped a cross-section in the water for several months to test whether it was　　　.
A. water-proofing　　　　 B. fire-proofing
C. durable D. foldable
9. We can infer from the passage that　　　.
A. the cardboard bicycle is not only environment friendly but also inexpensive
B. Gafni has ever invented some bicycles worth thousands of dollars each
C. Gafni succeeded in making cardboard bicycles without much difficulty
D. even the wheel will be made of cardboard
【语篇随练】
Ⅰ. 依据阅读理解A, 写出下面单词或短语的含义
1. for nothing　　　　　　　　____________
2. inputn. _________________
3. pastevt. _________________
4. adaptiveadj. _________________
Ⅱ. 用30个词左右概括阅读理解A大意
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析
Ⅰ. 1.【解析】选D。考查固定搭配。句意:去南极洲的航班由于缺乏关于那儿天气状况的信息而被推迟。lack of “缺乏……” , 为固定搭配。
2. 【解析】选A。由答语可以看出, 说话者要表达的意思为 “我们的玻璃杯对调了” 。所以选switch, 意思是 “转换” 。
3. 【解析】选C。句意:不要信任说你一个月之内就能把握一门语言的广告。相反, 它是一个渐进的过程, 可能持续几年的时间。gradual渐进的, 渐渐的, 符合句意。rapid快速的; instant马上的; regular有规律的。
【变式备选】
(2021·东营模拟)Much to my surprise, she　　　　tears　　　　she read the letter.
A. burst out; instant B. burst into; the instant
C. burst out; instantly D. burst into; instant
【解析】选B。burst into后接名词; burst out后接v. -ing形式; the instant/instantly作连词用, 表示 “一……就……” 。
4.【解析】选A。句意:那些装满各种救援物资的卡车正急速朝地震灾区开去。speed up加速。
5.【解析】选B。考查冠词。句意:伦敦的大雾给我们留下了深刻的印象。雾有时候大到我们看不见四周任何东西的程度。make a deep impression on sb. “给某人留下深刻印象” , 表示具体某一种印象时, impression和a连用; lose sight of “看不见” , 固定短语。
【变式备选】
The young man acted strangely during the interview. He made a bad　　　　on the employer.
A. impression B expression
C. experience D. opinion
【解析】选A。impression印象; make a bad impression on sb. “给某人留下不好的印象” 。expression表达; experience经受, 阅历; opinion观点。
6.【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: “航母style” 用了 “江南style” 的命名风格, 并在网上快速流行起来。take up拿起, 从事, 占据; take on雇用, 呈现; take off起飞, 脱衣服, 成名, 流行; take in吸取, 改小, 理解, 哄骗。
【变式备选】
Three days later, the torchbearers　　　　the Olympic torch relay in Ningbo of Zhejiang Province.
A. took up B. picked up
C. brought up D. put up
【解析】选A。take up着手开头, 开头(从事于); pick up捡起, 好转, 接人; bring up训练, 培育; put up张贴, 搭起。
7.【解析】选D。句意:她坚持动物应当生活在自然环境中。natural surroundings表示 “自然环境” , 符合题意。surrounding adj. 四周的; environment在此不行用复数; resource “资源” , 均不符合题意。
8.【解析】选B。句意:她父母之间经常争吵, 这导致了家庭裂开。strictly严格地; constantly不断地; hardly几乎不; occasionally间或地。
9. 【解析】选B。句意:她再也忍受不住苦痛, 尖叫了起来。tolerate意为 “忍受” , 符合句意。release释放; feel感觉; foresee预见。
10. 【解析】选A。句意:每个人都有自己学英语的方法。任何人都不应把自己的方法强加给别人。press sth. on/upon sb. 意为 “把……强加给某人, 强迫某人接受……” ; fix sth. on/upon sb. 意为 “集中……于某人” ; impress sth. on/upon sb. 意为 “某事给某人留下印象” 。依据句意可知A项正确。
11.【解析】选C。考查交际用语。句意:——你能速度快点吗?我要赶不上航班了。——放心吧。我走捷径, 我们会准时到达。take it easy放心好了, 别焦急, 符合语境。A项表示 “我会加速的” , 与后面的 “走捷径” 以确保 “准时赶到” 相冲突; take your time渐渐来。
12.【解析】选B。句意:昨天晚上, 当这位老人看到女儿在和一个中年男人跳舞的时候, 他很生气。catch sight of. . . 意为 “观看……” , 符合句意。
13.【解析】选B。句意:这个老人每年秋天都义务打扫街道上的落叶。sweep aside不予理睬; sweep up打扫; clear up澄清, 解释, 天气变晴; make up弥补, 编造, 化妆, 组成。
14.【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意:由于每天都更新, 所以互联网上的信息总是最新的。句中主语the information与update之间存在规律上的动宾关系, 故用update的过去分词形式作缘由状语。
15. 【解析】选C。句意:我宠爱被山岭溪流所环绕。它们看上去比混凝土、成排的车辆和高楼大厦好多了。后一句使用了 “主语+be+adj. + to do(不定式的主动形式)” 句型, 故选C。
Ⅱ. 1. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。依据文章其次段首句Intel and its research partners are studying how brain acts when it thinks. 可知答案。
2.【解析】选D。细节理解题。依据文章第三段中. . . it will be able to read and translate this into an input system thanks to a chip in the brain. 可知答案。
3.【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据文章第四段和第六段中Dean Pomerleau所言可以推知C项正确。其他选项所述与文章内容不符。
4.【解析】选D。细节理解题。依据文章倒数其次段首句I think human beings are unusually adaptive. . . 可知, Andrew Chien举电脑的例子是为了证明首句的观点。
5. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。最终一段作者风趣地告知读者:人类大脑将把握电脑是必定趋势, 鼠标和键盘终将被淘汰。
　　骑着纸板和回收材料制作的自行车, 体验不一样的低碳生活。以色列一位自动生产线设计师Izhar Gafni设计的纸板自行车即将在数月内开头大量生产, 售价不超过20美元。
6. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第一段的almost entirely of cardboard和change transportation habits from the world’s most crowded cities to the poorest reaches of Africa可知, A和C两项错误; 由其次段的He is an amateur cycling enthusiast可知, B选项错误。由第三段的mass production will begin in a few months可知, D选项正确。
7.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第四段的I was always fascinated by applying uncommon technologies to materials and I did this on several occasions. 可知, A选项正确; 由I worked for four years to get rid of the cardboard’s weak structural points. . . 可知D选项错误; 由第五段的Making a cardboard box is easy and it can be very strong and durable, but to make a bicycle was extremely difficult. . . 可知C选项错误; 由It took a year and a half, with lots of testing and failure until I got it right. . . 可知, B选项错误。故选A。
8. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第七段中In testing the durability of the treated cardboard, Gafni said he dipped a cross-section in the water for several months. . . 可知选C。
9. 【解析】选A。推理推断题。由第一段和第八段可知, 该款自行车主要由纸板和可循环材料制成, 应是环保的; 由最终一段可知, 该自行车售价仅约20美元, 应是廉价的。故选A。
【语篇随练】
Ⅰ. 1.徒然地, 无益地
2.输入
3.粘贴
4.有适应力气的
Ⅱ. If you are working on your typing skills, that may be all for nothing as Intel believes that we’ll be able to control our computers with our brains by 2022.
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