2021高考英语安徽黄山市语法填空及阅读类自选练习(10)及答案.docx

2021高考英语安徽黄山市语法填空及阅读类自选练习（10）及答案

语法填空
阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
A London-based translation firm is offering parents-to-be the chance to check the meaning of prospective baby names in other languages to avoid causing their offspring future __1__ (embarrass)．
Celebrity couple Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes might have thought twice about naming __2__ daughter Suri if they __3__(know) that it means “pickpocket” in Japanese, “turn sour” in French, and “horse mackerel” in Italian, suggests Today Translations.
__4__1000 pounds ( $ 1 678 ), the company’ s linguists will carry out a “basic name translation audit” of names，__5__(check) their meaning in 100 languages, or more for an additional cost.
While open to everyone, the firm said __6__ expects the service is likely to attract celebrity clients, who are known for giving their babies unusual names.
Other names of celebrities’ babies it has checked include Kai Rooney, the name of the newborn son of English soccer player Wayne Rooney，__7__ means “probably” in Finnish, “pier” in Estonian, and “stop it” in the west African language of Yoruba.
__8__ musicians Gwen Stefani and Gavin Rossdale may have known Zuma meant “peace” in Arabic when __9__(choose) their son’ s name, they may not have been aware it also translates as “Lord frowns in anger” in the Aztec language of Nahuatl.
However, some unusual name choices of celebrities’ babies are beyond easy translation, the company admits，__10__ as Jermajesty — the name of Michael Jackson’ s brother Jermaine’s son.
1． [解析]　考查词性转换。空格前为形容词修饰语，而且此处是cause sb.sth.的结构，因此断定此处需要填名词，embarrass的名词形式为embarrassment。
[答案]　embarrassment
2． [解析]　结合语境考查形容词性物主代词。名词前设空答案首先考虑限定词，由于上文提到“Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes”，所以用their，意为“他们的女儿”。此处表示“名人夫妇Tom Cruise和Katie Holmes要是知道Suri这个名字在其他语言里的意义的话，他们或许会三思后再起名字了”。
[答案]　their
3． [解析]　结合语境考查动词的时态。由上文“might have thought”可知，条件句中应用“had＋过去分词”。
[答案]　had known
4． [解析]　结合语境考查介词。此处for表示交换，此处表示公司给你供应名字方面的调查服务是要收取确定的服务费的。
[答案]　For
5． [解析]　结合语境考查现在分词作伴随状语。文章中的“__5__(check)their meaning in 100 languages”作伴随状语；设空处的动词与主句的主语是规律上的主谓关系，所以用check的现在分词形式。
[答案]　checking
6． [解析]　结合语境考查代词的用法。空格位于宾语从句的谓语动词之前，因此此处需要能作主语的名词或代词。上文刚毁灭过the firm，所以此处用it来代替它。
[答案]　it
7． [解析]　考查which引导的非限制性定语从句。此处which引导的定语从句是修饰Kai Rooney这个名字的，which在定语从句中作主语。
[答案]　which
8． [解析]　结合语境考查连词。此处意为“尽管音乐家Gwen Stefani和Gavin Rossdale或许知道Zuma在阿拉伯语中的意思是和平，但是他们或许不知道……”。前后两个分句之间有规律上的让步关系，故此处应填While/Although/Though。
[答案]　While/Although/Though
9． [解析]　结合语境考查“连词＋分词”型省略句。连词后设空且给出动词提示词，这时要首先考虑动词和句子主语的关系，若是主谓关系就用现在分词，此处主语和choose之间就是主谓关系。
[答案]　choosing
10．[解析]　结合语境考查such as的用法。此处such as用于列举事物。句意：然而有些名人的孩子的名字不好翻译，例如乔丹的弟弟的儿子的名字Jermajesty就不好翻译。
[答案]　such

【上海市徐汇区2022诊断卷】短文语法填空
He almost killed somebody, but one minute changed his life. This beautiful story comes from Sherman Rogers’ book, Foremen: Leaders or Drivers? .
In his true-life story, Rogers illustrates the importance of effective relationships. During his college years, Rogers spent 34______ summer in an Idaho(爱达荷州) logging camp. When the superintendent had to leave for a few days, he put Rogers in charge.
“35______ if the men refuse to follow my orders?” Rogers asked. He thought of Tony, an immigrant worker who roared all day, giving the other men a hard time.
“Fire them,” the superintendent said. Then, as if 36______ (read) Roger’s mind, he added, “I suppose you think you are going to fire Tony if you get the chance. I’d feel badly about that. I have been logging for 40 years. Tony is the most reliable worker I’ve ever had. I know he hates everybody and everything. But he comes in first and leaves last. There has not been an accident for eight years on the hill 37______ he works.”
Rogers took over the next day. He went to Tony and spoke to him.
“Tony, do you know I’m in charge here today?” Tony grunted（发哼声）. “I was going to fire you the first time we fought, but I want you to know I’m not,” he told Tony, adding what the superintendent 38______ (say).
When he finished, Tony dropped the shovelful of sand he had held and tears streamed down his face.
“Why he no tell me dat eight years ago?”
That day Tony worked harder than ever before --- and he smiled! He later said to Rogers, “My first foreman who ever say, ‘Good work, Tony’ and it made me feel like Christmas.”
Rogers went back to school after that summer. Twelve years later he met Tony again who was now superintendent for railroad construction for one of 39______ (large) logging companies in the West. Rogers asked him how he came to California and happened to have such success.
Tony replied, “If it not be for the one minute you talk to me back in Idaho, I keel somebody someday. One minute change my whole life.”
Effective managers know the importance of taking a moment to point out 40___ a worker is doing well. But what a difference a minute of affirmation can make in any relationship!
【参考答案】
(B) 34. a 35. What 36. reading 37. where
38. had said 39. the largest 40. what

【广东省汕头市2022高考英语模拟试题】
语法填空(共10小题；每小题1。5分，满分15分)
认真阅读下面短文，短文中有10个空格。请依据语境以及括号里所给的词完成短文。答案填写在答题卡标号为1L—25的对应位置。
Until about 150 years ago, the most important, expensive and renowned kind of painting was large-scale pictures that told a story, regarded as the 16 (hard) challenge for an artist. 17 (choose) suitable subjects, artists had to be well-read. Then they had to know 18 stories could be told without words, using only gestures and expressions. To create lifelike scenes, they had to understand perspective, lighting and anatomy. So history painting needed a lot of thought and 19 . (imagine). Large-scale pictures used to be reserved for grand religious or patriotic subjects, but that changed in the 19th century, as artists began creating history paintings based 20 contemporary news stories. One of the first of these was The Raft of the Medusa, inspired by the wreck of 21 French ship in 1816, which showed how art could have a powerful political impact. It presents a scene 22 the survivors of the wreck on a raft littered with bodies try to signal to a distant ship. When they 23 ( rescue ), they told how they had been abandoned by their captain, while he sailed to safety in a lifeboat. Starving, they had to eat each other to survive—though this picture makes 24 look heroic rather than violent. The picture caused a huge outcry. Some people thought the artist meant to criticize the French king, 25 had been involved in appointing the ship's captain.
【参考答案】
16、hardest 17、To choose 18、how 19、imagination
20、on 21、a 22、where 23、were rescued
24、them 25、who

完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Thanks to a combination of young businessmen, large numbers of university students and revitalization (新生) efforts by the local and national governments, today’s Nanjing has an 1 of youthful exuberance (繁茂) that would have been 2 only a few decades ago. 3 , the city, a booming city of 6.5 million on the banks of the Yangtze River some 185 miles west of Shanghai, bears 4 resemblance to the former capital of China that suffered the worst cruelty and violence of World War II.
5 Nanjing has shown a remarkable capacity for reinvention during its 2,500-year history. And in recent years, the city has moved 6 its tragic past to become a vital engine of China’s economic growth, thanks 7 to its position in the middle of China’s prosperous eastern seaboard. Growth has also 8 thanks to improved ground transportation: A new bullet train linking Nanjing and Shanghai started service last year, 9 travel time between the cities from several hours to just 75 minutes, and a Beijing-Shanghai high-speed line is 10 to open later this year, with a stop in Nanjing. Within the city, two metro lines were built in the last few years; 15 more are planned to begin service by 2030.
Signs of Nanjing’s 11 wealth and optimism can be seen everywhere. In the heart of the downtown Xinjiekou district, a bronze statue of Sun Yat-sen, 12 the father of modern China, looks 13 over a busy 14 area.
There is perhaps no more 15 symbol of the city’s transformation than the Zifeng Tower, a 1,480-foot skyscraper that opened its doors last May. 16 offices, restaurants and an InterContinental hotel, the tower is the second-tallest building in China and billed as the seventh-tallest in the world.
Underlying all this development is a large Chinese and 17 student population — there are several major universities, plus a branch of Johns Hopkins’s international studies school. In fact, art and music 18 in all sorts of places.
On a larger 19 , local government officials and private investors are pushing the city as a rising center for contemporary art and architecture, hoping to attract 20 from the neon-bathed streets of its neighbor Shanghai.
1. A. advance B. affection C. air D. ability
2. A. unforgettable B. unthinkable C. unbearable D. unnecessary
3. A. Actually B. Regretfully C. Hopefully D. Consequently
4. A. close B. slight C. much D. little
5. A. Because B. But C. As D. Since
6. A. beyond B. on C. off D. out
7. A. in addition B. in all C. in part D. in fact
8. A. started B. enlarged C. existed D. accelerated
9. A. removing B. cutting C. dividing D. lowering
10. A. scheduled B. invented C. desired D. meant
11. A. attractive B. well-received C. newfound D. discovered
12. A. thought B. treated C. considered D. elected
13. A. out B. at C. about D. for
14. A. remote B. regional C. rural D. commercial
15. A. universal B. visible C. traditional D. political
16. A. Keeping B. Consisting C. Opening D. Housing
17. A. British B. western C. American D. foreign
18. A. spring up B. stand up C. set up D. keep up
19. A. extent B. degree C. scale D. level
20. A. businessmen B. students C. tourists D. painters

【参考答案】
1—10、C B A D B A C D B A
11—20、C C A D B D D A C C

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
Maggie was very glad that James was not a frequent visitor to the house. So far as the children were concerned, they had a mystery about him that stirred their imagination. He stirred Maggie’s anger, however, so that she often said to her husband, “It’s mercy that brother of yours doesn’t come oftener.”
In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly, around eight o’clock in the evening, and he stayed for six hours of close discussion with his brother. His arrival was a signal to the children that their bedtime would be delayed. Not that he ever spoke to them or played with them. He took no notice of them, as if he was unable to see children, at least until the time came for him to go. Instead, after his first greeting and a careless kiss, James took no notice of Maggie either, except to add, “You’ll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her.
Maggie paid him back in her own way. She kept the children up, the four of them, to keep her company, she said, but of course they sang and made a noise and broke the endless sound of James’s voice. Very late, they dropped off to sleep in their chairs. Then, when James was about to go, Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction, for James, though rich, was mean. He always went home by the last train, just after two o’clock.
Maggie’s children secretly stared at their uncle. They could not forget that he had, in their mother’s words, “lost two wives and taken a third, ” They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies. They asked each other what their fate had been, and if neither could ever be found again. James never brought his third wife with him nor ever mentioned her. The children decided that he must be so frightened of losing her that he never allowed her outside the door.
1. The underlined word “mercy” in the text most probably means _______.
A. loss B. wonder C. lucky thing D. terrible thing
2. Maggie never prepared anything special for James because _______.
A. he was a man difficult to please
B. she never knew when he was coming
C. she was too busy looking after her children
D. he never stayed long enough for a meal
3. What do we know about James’ behavior?
A. He was a kind man, with love for the family.
B. He was generous, especially towards his brother.
C. He was anxious to please the family, especially the kids.
D. He was rude to his sister-in-law.
4. Maggie felt pleased when _______.
A. she paid James the money that she owed him
B. James gave some money to the children
C. she had to wake James up to catch his train
D. James thanked her for the nice supper
5. The children did not realize that two of James’ wives _______.
A. had been dead B. suffered from loss of memory
C. had run away from him D. might appear again one day

【答案与解析】
本文讲Maggie和她的孩子们对他们的叔叔James来访的不欢迎。
1. C。词义猜想题。Maggie不宠爱James的来访, 由此可以说他不常来是一件幸运的事，所以答案为C。
2. B。事实细节题。依据 In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly可知答案为B。
3. D。推理推断题。依据 except to add, “You’ll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her可知他对Maggie的态度不是很友好，故答案为D。
4. B。推理推断题。依据 Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction可知答案为B。
5. A。推理推断题。依据 They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies可知答案为A。