2021高考英语一轮课外精炼题(1)答案-(通用版).docx

2021高考英语一轮课外精炼题（1）答案 （通用版）
I. 完形填空
If you make one close friend in school, you will be the most fortunate. A true friend is someone who stays with you for life. 　1　teaches that is right: A good friendship is not easily　2　.
It is possible that we simply do not stay in one place long enough for a　3　friendship to develop. However, there can be　4　disagreement on the need for each of us to think carefully about the kinds of friendship we　5　.
To most of us, 　6　is considered very important, but we need to be clear in our　7　about the kinds of friendship we want. Are they to be close or　8　at arm’s length? Do we want to　9　ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people, many friendships on the surface are　10　enough—and that’s all right. But at some point, we need to　11　that our expectations are the same as our friends’ expectations. The sharing of personal experience　12　our tears as well as our dark dreams is the surest way to deepen friendships. But it　13　be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there are　14　of interest and actions in return.
What are some of the　15　of friendship? The greatest is the attraction to expect too much too soon. Deep relationships　16　time. Another“major difficulty”is the selfishness to think one“possesses”the other, including his time and attention. Similarly, friendships　17　actions in return. In　18　words, you must give as much as you take. Finally there is a question of taking care of the friendship. Unless you spend　19　time together, talking on the phone, and writing letters, friendships will die　20　.
【文章大意】人人都渴望友情。那么如何才能培育和进展真正的友情呢? 现实生活中, 人与人之间的友情又经常面临哪些困难呢? 该如何克服这些困难, 让你和伴侣们的友情不至于渐渐消逝呢? 读完本文, 你就会找到这些问题的答案。
1. A. Knowledge B. Teacher C. Experience D. Parent
【解析】选C。规律推理题。由语境可知。“A true friend is someone who stays with you for life. ”是由生活阅历总结出来的。所以选Experience。
2. A. understood B. formed
C. realized D. produced
【解析】选B。背景常识题。友情(friendship)是form(培育)出来的, 而不是understand(理解), realize(实现)或produce(生产)的。
3. A. true B. common C. deep D. actual
【解析】选A。规律推理题。由上文的“A good friendship”可知, 此处应是a true friendship“真正的友情”。
4. A. no B. some C. any D. none
【解析】选A。规律推理题。There is no disagreement on. . . “在……方面是没有分歧的”。
5. A. find B. get C. want D. receive
【解析】选C。规律推理题。由前文的need可断定这里应当选want, the kinds of friendship we want“我们所想要的那种友情”; 且下段有提示。
6. A. disagreement B. friendship C. want D. receive
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。全文始终在谈友情, 下文也有示意。
7. A. hearts B. thoughts C. actions D. minds
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。下面几句列举的都是想法, 所以用thought“思想, 想法”, 指一般概念。mind指“思维, 理智, 留意力”。
8. A. remained B. left C. stayed D. kept
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。这里表示的是“使友情保持确定距离(at arm’s length)”这一状态, 只能用及物动词keep。
9. A. own B. owe C. share D. spare
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。依据下文的The sharing of personal experience可知。share ourselves“我们之间相互共享”。
10. A. that B. very C. not D. quite
【解析】选D。规律推理题。由下文的“and that’s all right”可知, 这里要表达的是确定的意思, quite enough“足够”。
11. A. make sure B. remember C. expect D. check out
【解析】选A。规律推理题。由上下文可知, 确保(make sure)我们的期望值和伴侣的期望值一样是获得友情的基础。
12. A. and B. or C. including D. besides
【解析】选C。规律推理题。including表示包括。
13. A. can B. need C. will D. must
【解析】选D。规律推理题。句意: (尽管别人共享自己的经受能加深友情, )但这一活动必需(must)在对方表现出爱好或有回报的活动等类似的迹象时才能渐渐进行。
14. A. marks B. sights C. scenes D. signs
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。sign“征兆, 迹象”。
15. A. difficulties B. differences C. advantages D. things
【解析】选A。词汇复现题。该部分叙述了进展友情的两大困难: the attraction to expect too much too soon和the selfishness, 也可以从下面的Another“major difficulty”得到启示。
16. A. cost B. spend C. ask D. take
【解析选D。词语辨析题。上文提到进展友情最大的困难就是期望尽快得到太多的东西, 也就是说像友情这样的深层关系需要时间, take“需要, 花费”。spend也可以指花费时间, 但主语应是表示人的词语。
17. A. require B. request C. depend D. suggest
【解析】选A。规律推理题。上文提到友情的其次大困难: 自私, 想占有对方的时间和留意力。因此要进展友情需要(require)有回报的行动。
18. A. some B. many C. other D. different
【解析】选C。固定搭配题。“you must give as much as you take”是对上句“friendships require actions in return”的解释说明, 所以用in other words, 意思是“换句话说”。
19. A. enough B. comfortable C. less D. a lot
【解析】选A。规律推理题。句意: 除非你们有足够的时间在一起、打电话、写信, 你们的友情才不会停止。下文所列举的“talking on the phone, and writing letters”需要足够的时间去做, 才能使友情经久不衰。
20. A. for B away C. out D. from
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。die away事物渐渐消逝; 渐渐变弱。die for为……而死; die out灭亡; die from死于……, 均不符合句意。

II. 阅读理解
Most of the movies show our relationships and our society. What’s more important is that people love to watch highs and lows of the relationships in movies. Friendship has been the favorite subject of movie makers for a long time. Many movies are based on lovely relationships like friendship. Friendship can be between two persons or among more than two persons. Movies based on friendship make us remember that the relationship among friends is delicate(需要当心处理的). These movies also show how important it is to have a true friend in life and to own the friendship.
Friendship is described in different ways in movies. These movies show different faces of this lovely relationship including the pleasant and interesting faces. Let us discuss how friendship is described in movies.
Friends share common interests: In most of the movies, it is shown that two people become friends easily when they share some common interests. For example, two friends may be in love of the same sports, studying in the same school or living in the same neighborhood. You can see such friendship in movies such as“Harry Potter”and“Lord of Rings”. Harry Potter has two friends. All of them are interested in the use of magic.
Friends make sacrifices(牺牲): In most of the movies, friends make sacrifices for each other. A good example is“Sholay”. In this movie, there are two friends Jay and Veeru who are there for each other till death. Jay sacrifices his life to save his friend.
Friends never run away from difficulties: In movies, it is always shown that true friends always stand up for their friends in times of difficulties.
Understanding: In movies, friends understand each other without even saying a word. A single smile can brighten up the faces of all the friends.
【文章大意】电影中的友情是社会和现实生活中友情的反映。那么电影中的友情都有哪些特点呢? 读完本文你就会发觉现实生活中的友情和电影中的友情的异同点。
1. Which of the following may the author accept?
A. Most movies are about relationships between friends.
B. Most movies describe stories that happen in our life.
C. Movies about friendship are popular with young men.
D. Movies always show relationships in the same way.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。依据第一段“Most of the movies show our relationships and our society. ”可知, 多数电影反映人际关系, 反映社会, 内容都是与生活相关的。
2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that　　　.
A. friendship needs skillful and careful treatment
B. people should try their best to make more friends
C. movies about friendship talk about just happiness
D. most movie makers prefer movies about friendship
【解析】选A。推理推断题。依据第一段“. . . the relationship among friends is delicate. ”可知, 伴侣之间的关系需要当心处理, 谨慎对待。
3. Which of the following opinions agrees with the passage?
A. Friends must part in the end.
B. A good book is a good friend.
C. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D. A friend is easier lost than found.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。四个选项的内容分别是: A. 伴侣最终要分开。B. 好书如挚友。C. 患难见真情。D. 得伴侣难, 失伴侣易。其中, 只有“患难见真情”与本文中列举的电影中的友情的第三个特点“Friends never run away from difficulties. . . ”全都, 即困难时刻不离不弃。
4. What is mainly talked about in this passage?
A. Movies about friendship.
B. Friendship in movies.
C. Ways of making movies.
D. Ways of making friends.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文列举了电影中友情的四个特点, 故本文主要讲的是电影中的友情”。

Ⅲ. 语法填空
　　阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　(原创)The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2021 is awarded to the Canadian author Alice Munro, “master of the contemporary short story”.
　　Canada’s Alice Munro—　1　(call)the“master of the contemporary short story”—won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature, the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences announced Thursday.
The prize committee compared the 82-year-old author　2　Anton Chekhov, the 19th century Russian　3　is considered one of the greatest short story writers in history.
　　She’s the first Canadian-based writer　4　(win)the literature award. Saul Bellow, who won it in 1976, was born in Quebec but moved to the United States as a child and is regarded as　5　U. S. author.
Munro is the 13th woman to receive the literature prize.
“On behalf of all Canadians, ”Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper said in a tweet, “　6　(congratulation)to Alice Munro. ”
After the prestigious award　7　(announce), the Nobel committee said on Twitter that it hadn’t been able to contact Munro and left a phone message to tell　8　the good news. But The Canadian Press contacted her, and she was quoted as saying the award was“quite wonderful”and she was“　9　(terrible)surprised”.
　　“I knew I was in the running, yes, 　10　I never thought I would win, ”she said, according to a Toronto Star story quoting The Canadian Press.
【文章大意】诺贝尔奖官方宣布, 2021年诺贝尔文学奖授予加拿大女作家爱丽丝·门罗, 颁奖词称其为“当代短篇小说大师”。
1. 【解析】called。考查过去分词。call和规律主语Alice Munro之间是被动关系, 应用被动语态作定语
2. 【解析】to。考查介词。compare. . . to . . . 把……比作……。本句句意是: 组委会把这位82岁的女作者比作19世纪俄国作家契诃夫。
3. 【解析】who。考查关系代词。who引导定语从句修饰Anton Chekhov, the 19th century Russian, 并在从句中作主语。
4. 【解析】to win。考查不定式。the first / second. . . 后要接不定式作定语。
5. 【解析】a。考查冠词。此处是泛指一位美国作家, 应用不定冠词表泛指。
6. 【解析】congratulations。考查名词。表示庆贺时, 应用congratulation的复数形式。
7. 【解析】was announced。考查被动语态。announce和award之间是被动关系, 且是发生在过去的事情, 应用一般过去时的被动语态。
8. 【解析】her。考查人称代词。指代上文中提到的Munro。
9. 【解析】terribly。考查副词。修饰形容词(surprised), 应用副词。
10. 【解析】but。考查连词。句意: 我知道我有期望, 但我从来没想过会获奖。上下文之间是转折关系, 应用but连接。

【技法导练】多学一点　棋高一着
完形填空——巧借词汇复现解题
词汇复现是指为了表达的需要, 在具体的上下文中通过原词、同义词、近义词、同源词、反义词等形式重复某一信息。我们可以借助这些信息做出正确的推断。请依据以下题号提示找出对应词。
题　号
选　项
原文及位置
6
____
the kinds of _______ we want
9
____
The _______ of personal experience
15
____
Another“major _______” is the selfishness
答案:
题　号
选　项
原文及位置
6
B
the kinds of friendship we want
9
C
The sharing of personal experience
15
A
Another“major difficulty” is the selfishness