2022海淀区高考英语完形填空和阅理暑假自练(9)及答案.docx

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Wilderness
“In wilderness (荒野) is the preservation of the world. ” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.
As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation (开发) brings to such landscapes (景观) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr. Sauven, these “ecosystem services”far outweigh the gains from exploitation.
Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.
I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.
This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.
1. John Sauven holds that　　　.　
A. many people value nature too much
B. exploitation of wildernesses is harmful
C. wildernesses provide humans with necessities
D. the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong
2. What is the main idea of Para. 3?
A. The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.
B. Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.
C. Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.
D. All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.
3. What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?
A. Objective.　　　　B. Disapproving.　　　　C. Sceptical.　　　　D. Optimistic.
4. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

　CP: Central Point　　 P: Point　　 Sp: Sub- point(次要点)　　C: Conclusion
【参考答案】1—4、BCAD　　

【山东省潍坊市2022高考英语一模试题】
完形填空。阅读下列短文，把握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
There are many taxi drivers in our city．They often like to chat with passengers to 11 time when the taxis are caught in traffic jams．The other day，I went home by taxi．Knowing I was a student，the driver told me that he was once a student twenty years ago．12 ，his family could not afford the school fees，so he dropped out of school at an early age．He 13 me to work hard and go to a good college．I was moved by his kindness，but what really impressed me next was his 14 ．After arriving home，I soon realized that I had 15 my cell phone in the taxi．Greatly worried，I immediately called my number，16 the driver would answer．Then came the driver's 17 from tlle other end．He told me he had been 18 my call and that he would gladly return my phone where he dropped me off earlier that day．Thanks to the driver，I got my phone 19 ．I believe honesty is one of the greatest 20 a person should have．Thank you ever so much，Mr．Taxi driver．
11．A．have B．kill C．spend D．1ive
12．A．Unfortunately B．Unusually C．Absolutely D．Accurately
13．A．persuaded B．ordered C．required D．encouraged
14．A．modesty B．ability C．honesty D．security
15．A．forgotten B．placed C．left D．dropped
16．A．begging B．praying C．thinking D．saying
17．A．whisper B．noise C．sound D．voice
18．A．making B．expecting C．refusing D．fearing
19．A．over B．through C．back D．across
20．A．advantages B．achievements C．qualities D．images
【参考答案】11—20、BADCC BDBCC

第1模块 完形填空 模块导读（5）
探究点四　句子、句组和语篇的层次
　　完形填空题设空的答案有的由一个句子打算， 有的由相邻不远的一组句子打算， 还有的由语篇内容综合打算。因此， 完形填空设空分为句子层次、句组层次和语篇层次。设空的难度， 从句子层次到句组层次， 再到语篇层次， 依次递增。
　　1．句子层次
　　完形填空的设空答案由一个句子打算。其所供应的四个选项往往在语法上都能成立， 但从语境来看， 却只有一个选项是最合适的。
　　例1 I could hardly wait for him to open up his gift. In fact, I barely slept the night before. Upon awakening, I went to the kitchen to ________ the coffee, tea and morning goodies
　　A．start B．Cook　C．set D．serve

【解析】 A　cook(烹调)与后面的宾语coffee和tea不搭配， 它可以与breakfast搭配；set(摆放)，serve(端饭菜)都必需有服务对象， 通过对全段的理解可知我一早就去厨房，此时家里其他人都还没起床； start(开头动手)正说明一开头的状况。

例2 For hours, the secretary took no notice of them, hoping that the couple would finally become ________ and go away.
　　A．surprised 　 B．disappointed　　C．worried 　　D．troubled
【解析】 B　依据句子中的took no notice和go away可以推断出答案。

例3 I would go to the pile of letters marked with “Funny” if we needed a“________”， or...
　　A．Cry 　　　B．Laugh 　　C．Chat 　　 D．Sigh
【解析】 B　 依据“Funny”可以推断出答案。

2．句组层次
　　完形填空题有的设空仅仅依据一个句子往往解决不了问题， 必需联系上下句， 甚至更多的句子才能得出答案。有的试题需要考生越过句子， 甚至是段落来进行理解和推断。句组层次的题型， 比句子层次的在难度上提高了。

例4 And they asked why I would risk everything for a dream. I made my __1__ to start my own company and leave my secure position after __2__ a regional sales meeting. The vicepresident of our company delivered a __3__ that changed my life. He asked us, “If a god would offer you three wishes, what would they be？” After giving us a moment to write down the three wishes, he then asked us, “Why do you need a god？” I would never forget the power I felt at that moment.
1．A. plan　B．Promise　C．decision D．mind
2．A. attending B．Joining　C．entering D．holding
3．A. newspaper B．Book　C．report D．speech

【解析】 1.C　从空后的to start my own company and leave my secure(无忧无虑的) position我们知道这是作者作出的“打算”。
　　2．A　从空后的a regional sales meeting 我们知道作者是参与会议。
　　3．D　从He asked us, “If a god would offer you three wishes, what would they be？” 以及后文我们知道， 他作的是一个“演讲”， 而不是作报告。

3．语篇层次
　　完形填空的设空答案若从单句或局部来分析， 所给的四个答案在语法或结构上都是正确的， 若统观全篇， 则只有一个是正确的。语篇层次是完形填空命题的较高层次， 这个层次的题难度较大， 做题时需要具备很强的阅读理解力气以及规律推理、分析推断的力气。

例5
　　Dear Laura，
　　I just heard you tell an old story of gift giving and unselfish love in your program.You doubted that such unselfish love would happen in today’s world.Well, I’m here to give you ________ .
...
　　So I wanted you to know, that kind of love still exists and lives even in the everchanging world of me, me, me! I thought you’d love to share this story.
　　A．hope B．Advice　C．support D．courage
Yours，
Hilary

【解析】 A　You doubted that such unselfish love would happen in today’s world.这句话正体现作者要说明的中心是unselfish love(无私的爱), 而信的结尾又作了确定回答that kind of love still exists and lives even in the everchanging world of me, me, me！首尾呼应， 中心明确。把握住这个中心， 对选出正确选项极有挂念。本小题在第一段中体现出对全文的概括， 文中的you持怀疑态度， 作者当然不行能support(支持)、courage(鼓舞)；advice(劝告)是在对方没方法的状况下发出的；hope(期望)正是针对怀疑而来， 作者在下文中用事实给you以“期望”， 打消you的怀疑。

例6 Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the________ and have made up their minds to ring the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest against heavy trucks which run day and night through the narrow High Street.
...
“Not really，” she said, “actually we are proper bellringers. I mean we are assistant bellringers for the church...I left the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.”
　　A．college 　　 B．village　　C．town 　　　 D．church

【解析】 D　该题答案提示始终到最终(I mean we are assistant bellringers for the church...I left the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.)才毁灭， 答案选D。

阅读理解。
When milk arrived on the doorstep
When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5­year­old boy, I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.
Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note—“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”—and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically (魔术般) appear.
All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr.Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.
There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.
Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.
本文叙述了自己小时候与送奶人之间的故事。Basille先生不仅是送奶的，而且和他的家人建立了亲热的关系。现在大公司开头大量生产奶，处处都有卖奶的，因此不再需要送奶服务，但作者很怀念以前的事情。
1．Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer ________.
A．to show his magical power B．to pay for the delivery
C．to satisfy his curiosity D．to please his mother
答案：C。推理推断题。由短文第一段最终两句话可知：“我始终盯着他腰带上的钱包，当Basille留意到这一点时，从里面拿了一枚硬币给了我”。由此可知，是为了满足我的奇异   心。
2．What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy's house?
A．He wanted to have tea there. B．He was a respectable person.
C．He was treated as a family member. D．He was fully trusted by the family.
答案：D。推理推断题由短文第三段可知，我们与送奶人有亲热的关系，他有我们家的钥匙，并不时来我们家休息、谈天、讲故事。由此可推断我们一家人格外信任他。
3．Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?
A．Nobody wants to be a milkman now.
B．It has been driven out of the market.
C．Its service is getting poor.
D．It is forbidden by law.
答案：B。推理推断题。由短文倒数其次段可知，由于大公司生产大量的廉价奶，人们处处都可以买到，不再需要送奶的。由此可知送奶业被挤出的市场。
4．Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?
A．He missed the good old days. B．He wanted to tell interesting stories.
C．He needed it for his milk bottles. D．He planted flowers in it.
答案：A。细节理解题。由短文最终一段可知，旧奶箱使他回想起来童年时代的记忆，因此他把这个旧奶箱带回家。由此可知，他惦念过去的奇怪日子。