2021广东惠州市高考英语语法填空、阅读自练(1)及答案.docx

2021广东惠州市高考英语语法填空、阅读自练（1）及答案

语法填空。
　　阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear　1　spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with confidence and without hesitation. 　2　, we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to success　3　language learning. 　4　good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only　5　(memorize)rules from a grammar book. It is no much use learning by heart long lists of words and their meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn　6　using the language. 　7　we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use”is a good piece of　8　(advise)for those　9　are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practise speaking and　10　(write)the language whenever we can.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了如何学好一门外语。
1. 【解析】it。考查代词。代替上文的language, 应用it。
2. 【解析】Thirdly。考查副词。由上文的Firstly, Secondly及下文的fourthly可知, 此处是第三条, 应用Thirdly。
3. 解析】in。考查介词。和success连用的介词应用in。
4. 【解析】A。考查冠词。memory意为“记忆”, 常用单数形式, 此处泛指“一个好的记忆”, 故用不定冠词a。
5. 【解析】to memorize。考查不定式。句中it是形式主语, 真正的主语是不定式to memorize。
6. 【解析】by。考查介词。by doing sth. 通过做某事, 作方式状语。
7. 【解析】If。考查连词。句意: 假如我们只满足于我们记住的几个规章, 我们就不是真正在学语言。if引导条件状语从句。
8. 【解析】advice。考查名词。介词(of)后面应跟名词。
9. 【解析】who。考查关系代词。who引导定语从句, 修饰those并在从句中作主语。
10. 【解析】writing。考查动名词。writing和speaking是并列成分, 作practise的宾语。

完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。
People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have __1 effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been __2 at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad __3 of sports They think sports are just too aggressive.
Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main _4 of too much aggression ill children's sports. They believe children _5 _ aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that__6 is everything. Many parents go to children's sporting events and shout _7 _ at other players or cheer when their child behaves _8__. As well, children arc even taught that hurting other players is _ 9 or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured _10 , the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.
As a society, we really need to 11 this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches _12 should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better__13 . They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to _14 _ , themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that __15 is not as important as winning.
( ) 1. A. restrictive B. negative C. active D. instructive
( ) 2. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted
( ) 3. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation
( ) 4. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence
( ) 5. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect
( ) 6. A. winning B. practicing C. fun D. sport
( ) 7. A. praises B. orders C. remarks D. insults
( ) 8. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely
( ) 9. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible
( ) 10. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D. Afterall
( ) 11. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with
( ) 12. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance
( ) 13. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions
( ) 14. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy
( ) 15. A. body B. fame C. health D. spirit

【答案与解析】
主要内容是：人们一般认为孩子要进行运动，由于运动是好玩的，而且可以使孩子保持身体健康。然而，对孩子来说，进行体育运动也有消极的作用。
1. B．依据句中的however可知此处是表示了语意的转折，那么就要选择一个表示否定、消极的意义的词，所以选择negative。restrictive是“受约束的，限制的”，active是“乐观的”，instructive是“有训练意义的”，都不合题意。
2. D．此处的shout at和后面的call names构成并列关系，简洁选出。
3. A．依据句意“这会给孩子留下不好的印象”，leave impression是“留下印象”的意思。
4. B．依据句意知“很多争辩人员认为，成年人，尤其是父母和教练，是在孩子的运动毁灭很多攻击/侵略行为的起因”，导致某事发生的缘由用cause,其他三项意思不合句意。
5. C．依据上下文可知，“他们认为孩子在仿照/复制成年人的行为”，故选择copy。
6. A．据上下文知道，大人们经常是有意无意地把这样的信息传达给孩子，那就是“在运动中取胜就是一切”，所以，选择winning。
7. D．在运动中对其他的选手，即对手当然是insults(辱骂/污辱的言行)。
8. C．大人们常由于自己的孩子在运动中表现出进攻性、侵略性动作时就为之欢呼、加油。
9. A．同样，孩子们甚至被训练到损害对手是可以被接受的，所以选择acceptable, impolite是“不礼貌的”，possible是“可能的”，accessible是“易接近的”，均不合题意。
10. B．这里是又说到了另外的一个方面，即media的作用，所以，此处要填in addition。
11. B．此处考查短语意思辨析。face up to是“面对，直面”的意思，符合句意。look up to是“敬重”的意思，make up for是“弥补，补偿”的意思，come up with是“提出，供应，赶上”的意思，都不合句意。
12. A．此处填in particular表示“尤其”，强调尤其是父母或教练应当给孩子们树立起好的榜样。in all是“总共”，in return是“作为报答，作为回报”,in advance是“提前”的意思，都不合此处意思。
13. C．依据句意，“父母或教练应当教给孩子更好的价值观”，而不是“技术、手段、方向”。
14. D．enjoy oneself 是固定搭配，意为“过得快活”，其他三项意思不符。
15. C．依据句意“假如大人们告知孩子受伤了也要连续进行运动，他们就给了孩子这样的信息，即：生命健康不如获胜重要”，所以此处要选择health，而不是body(身体)，fame(名誉)，spirit(精神)。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Most American students go to traditional public schools. There are about 88, 000 public schools all over the US. Some students attend about 3000 independent public schools called charter schools．
Charter schools are self-governing. Private companies operate some charter schools.
They are similar in some ways to traditional public schools. They receive tax money just as other public schools do. Charter schools must prove to local or state governments that their students are learning. These governments provide the schools with the agreement called a charter that permits them to operate．
Charter schools are different because they do not have to obey most laws governing traditional public schools. Local, state, or federal governments cannot tell them what to teach．Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to reach them. Class size is usually smaller than that in traditional public schools．
The Bush Administration strongly supports charter schools as a way to re-organize public schools that are failing to educate students. But some education agencies and unions oppose charter schools. One teachers' union has just made public the results of the first national study comparing the progress of students in traditional schools and charter schools．
The American Federation of Teachers criticizes the government's delay in releasing the results of the study, which is called the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Union education experts say the study shows that charter school students perform worse on math and reading tests than students in regular public schools．
Some experts say the study is not a fair look at charter schools because students in those schools have more problems than students in traditional schools．Other education experts say the study results should make charter school officials demand improved student progress．
6. If a private company wants to operate a charter school, it must_______．
A. try new methods of teaching B. get the government's permission
C. obey the local and state laws D. prove its management ability
7. Charter schools are independent because_______．
A. they make greater progress B. their class size is smaller
C. they enjoy more freedom D. they oppose traditional ways
8. What's the government's attitude toward charter schools?
A. Doubtful． B. Optimistic C. Supportive． D. Subjective．
9. What can we learn from the text?
A. More students choose to attend charter schools．
B. Charter schools are better than traditional schools．
C. Students in charter schools are well educated．
D. People have different opinions about charter schools．
10. It can be inferred from the text that _______.
A. charter schools are part of the public education system
B. one-on-one attention should be paid to students
C. the number of charter schools will be limited
D. charter schools are all privately financed
【参考答案】6—10、BCCDA

阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, "Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn't work out, you'll have something to rely on." Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, "the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course," she recalls.
The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards. Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her morn," I don't know how to use a computer," she admits.
Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病). All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), an organization she serves as international chairman. "I felt there was a need for a book like this," she says." I didn't want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we're self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease."
But she hasn't always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow u p ---again---and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.
Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. "Everybody on earth can ask, 'why me?' about something or other," she insists. "It doesn't do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache, pain, and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I've come to realize the importance of that as I've grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be."
( ) 1. Why did Mary feel regretful?
A. She didn't achieve her ambition.
B. She didn't take care of her mother.
C. She didn't complete her high school.
D. She didn't follow her mother's advice.
( ) 2. We can know that before 1995 Mary
A. had two books published B. received many career awards
C. knew how to use a computer D. supported the JDRF by writing
( ) 3. Mary's second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her .
A. living with diabetes B. successful show business
C. service for an organization D. remembrance of her mother
( ) 4. When Mary received the life-changing news, she .
A. lost control of herself B. began a balanced diet
C. Med to get a treatment D. behaved in an adult way
( ) 5. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Mary feels pity for herself.
B. Mary has recovered from her disease.
C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible.
D. Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.
【语篇解读】本文为人物介绍说明文。主要介绍了玛丽·摩尔的职业生涯及抗病之争。
1. 答案D。考点：细节理解题。
解析：依据其次段“Only recently，when she began to write Growing Up Again，did she regret ignoring her mom，‘I don’t know how to use a computer,’ she admits.”可推断选D项。
2. 答案B。考点：细节理解题。
解析：依据其次段“The show business thing worked out，of course. In her career，Mary won many awards.”可推断选B项。
3. 答案A。考点：细节理解题。
解析：依据第三段“her second book is less about life as an award winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病).”可推断选A项。
4. 答案A。考点：细节理解题。
解析：依据第四段“In a childlike act，she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈).Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up again—and take control of her diabetes，not let it control her.”可推断选A项。
5. 答案C。考点：推理推断题。
解析：依据最终一段中的Mary Moore 所说的话“I’ve come to realize the importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”可推断她想尽可能地去挂念他人，故选C项。