【】2022高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习及答案01.docx

完形填空
　　A city man went duck hunting on a friend’s farm, but the first duck he shot fell across the fence line onto the neighbor’s　1　. So he hopped(跳过)the fence to fetch the duck.
As he　2　back for the fence, the old neighbor rushed out in an old car and asked him what he was doing with“his”duck.
　　The city man said, “I shot it but it fell over here on your farm. ”
　　“Well, it’s my duck. ”the old man said. “But since you say that is yours, we’ll just settle this in the old　3　way—we’ll　4　for it. ”
The younger, 　5　, and bigger city man thought he could　6　beat the older man, so he　7　agreed
Then the old man　8　, “But we’ll fight by country　9　. ”
“I get the first three hits, ”he said, “and the first one to give up will　10　. OK? ”The young man believed he could　11　three hits from the old guy first, so he agreed.
　12　, before he could even put the duck down, the old man kicked him in the face. As he　13　how such an old man made him suffer such　14　, the old man kicked the guy in the side of the head, knocking out two teeth. The young man got　15　. Once the young man fell to the ground, the old man kicked him again.
The young man struggled and　16　to his feet finally. The young man, 　17　two of his teeth, slowly smiled as he　18　his first hit on the old guy. “It’s my　19　now. ”He made up his mind to fight back.
To his　20　, the old man smiled as he said, “OK, I give up. According to our rules, you can have the duck now. ”
Wisdom is something powerful than strength.
【文章大意】年轻的城里人到乡下伴侣的农场上猎鸭, 结果和邻家的老人进行了一场决斗, 老人打了他三次, 他都咬牙忍了下来。当他刚要还击时, 老人却认输了, 把鸭子给了他。有时候才智比力气的作用更大。
1. A. car　　　 B. store　　 C. farm　　　 D. house
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。由下文“I shot it but it. . . on your farm. ”可知。
2. A. headed B. returned
C. apologized D. threw
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。head朝……前行; 这里指他捡到鸭子朝栅栏走来。return不和back连用。
3. A. country B. common
C. strange D. traditional
【解析】选A。词汇复现题。依据下文的But we’ll fight by country　　可知, 是依据乡下的方法进行决斗。
4. A. run B. answer C. fight D. hunt
【解析】选C。近义词复现题。依据下文的beat可知, 两人要用打斗的方式打算鸭子的所属。fight和beat是近义词。
5. A. cleverer B. stronger
C. shorter D. funnier
【解析】选B背景常识题。依据and后的bigger以及下文他同意要和老人决斗可知, 他认为自己比对方强壮。
6. A. easily B. hardly
C. carefully D. closely
【解析】选A。规律推理题。自己比对方年轻、强壮、个子大, 因此很简洁战胜对方。
7. A. worriedly B. happily
C. difficultly D. patiently
【解析】选B。规律推理题。既然简洁战胜对方, 所以就欣然(happily)同意了决斗。
8. A. asked B. begged C. added D. argued
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。add接着说; 补充说。符合上下文语境。
9. A. times B. rules C. eyes D. hands
【解析】选B。近义词复现题。country rules乡下规章。指老人提出按当地的规章进行决斗, 和上文的country way同义。
10. A. leave B. lose C. cry D. stay
【解析】选B。背景常识题。既然放弃, 就说明输了。lose输; 竞赛输了。指第一个喊停(放弃)的人输掉竞赛。
11. A. have B. receive C. stand D. win
【解析选C。词义辨析题。stand忍受; 忍耐。指年轻人信任自己能忍受住老人的三次攻击。receive收到; win赢得; have有, 均不符合上下文。
12. A. However B. Therefore
C. Although D. Otherwise
【解析】选A。规律推理题。依据上下文可知这里是转折关系。然而年轻人还没放下鸭子, 老人就朝年轻人脸上踢了一脚。
13. A. found B. knew
C. believed D. wondered
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。wonder惊异, 想知道。他惊异老人为何有这么大力气。
14. A. pain B. courage C. luck D. hope
【解析】选A。规律推理题。脸上挨了一脚, 当然要疼了(pain)。
15. A. sleepy B. injured C. clear D. foolish
【解析】选B。规律推理题。依据上文可知, 年轻人被老人踢掉了两颗牙齿, 因此受伤了。
16. A. sat B. lay C. fell D. rose
【解析】选D。固定搭配题。上文说年轻人倒在地上, 所以年轻人挣扎着站起来。rise to one’s feet站起来。
17. A. getting B. lending
C. using D. missing
【解析】选D。近义词复现题。missing丢失的, 丢掉的, 与上文的knocking out two teeth呼应。指失去两颗牙齿的年轻人。
18. A. forgot B. described
C. planned D. copied
【解析】选C。规律推理题。年轻人边微笑着站起来, 边盘算着他对老人的第一击。
19. A. duck B. food C. question D. turn
【解析】选D。固定搭配题。It’s one’s turn. 轮到某人了。指该年轻人反击了。
20. A. excitement B. surprise
C. imagination D. agreement
【解析】选B。固定搭配题。to one’s surprise使某人吃惊的是。老人的突然认输出乎年轻人的意料, 因此很吃惊。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part. in. and live in.
With this unshakable belief, I, at. fourteen, decided to become a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other people’s writing can one discover what works, what doesn’t and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has.
Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read fiction (文学作品)．As a. law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matter—the volume (量) of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read anything else. Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called life. Reading fiction reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.
( ) 1. What can be inferred about the author as a child?

A. He never watched TV. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
B. He read what he had to.
C. He found reading unbelievable.
D. He considered reading part of his life.
( ) 2. The underlined word "voice" in the second paragraph most probably means “ ”.
A. an idea B. a sound quality
C. a way of writing D. a world to write about
( ) 3. What effect does reading have on the author? w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
A. It helps him to realize his dream.
B. It opens up a wider world for him.
C. It makes his college life more interesting.
D. It increases his interest in worldwide travel.
( ) 4. Which of the following can be the best title of this text? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

A. Why do I read? B. How do I read?
C. What do I read? D. When do I read?
语篇解读：本篇文章是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身体验，叙述读书使人形成自己的独立观点，读书使人开扩视野的重要作用。
1. 答案：D
考点：细节理解题
解析依据首段第一二句， “I grew up in a house… with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves….I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing”可知作者是在一个以书为伴的环境中长大的，读书像呼吸那样已经成为生活必需。
2. 答案：C
考点：词义推想题。
解析：依据文中 “...but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own …”可以推断出voice所表达的意思是“写作方式”。
3. 答案B
考点：细节理解题
解析：由文章的最终一句：“It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.”可得出答案
4. 答案：A
考点：主旨大意题。
解析：文章作者主要以自己的亲身体验叙述读书的重要性。因此Why do I read?“我为什么读书？”作题目最佳。w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

A little brown mouse lived in a small house in the country.His cottage was very warm and comfortable，with lots of flowers in front of it and a few apple trees behind.In his living room the brown country mouse ate good fresh food.
One day his cousin from town came to visit him. “It is so nice to see you，” the country mouse said. “Come in.Sit down.Let’s have supper.” Soon he brought in some bread，bacon and corn for supper and they drank fresh clean water.After supper they sat and talked.
The town mouse said，“ How can you live here？The country is so quiet.I don’t like the food either.Come and stay with me！”
So the next morning the mice went to town.The town mouse’s house was beautiful.But they got into the house by going under the back door.They were very hungry，so the town mouse took his cousin to the dining room.There was a lot of food on the table. “Look at that！” said the town mouse.The mice jumped onto the table.They began to eat some fine French cheese，some very tasty cakes and biscuits.They drank lemonade and milk.
Suddenly the door opened and a man walked in.He came to the table to get some fruit. “Be quiet！” whispered the town mouse.
The man took an apple and went out of the room.The town mouse began to eat again，but the country mouse could not eat a thing，because he felt so afraid.Suddenly he saw a big cat near the sofa in the corner of the room.The cat was sleeping，but then it heard something.It opened its eyes and saw the mice.The country mouse began to cry：“Help！” The cat tried to catch the mice.The mice ran into a hole in the floor.The cat couldn’t get in.
“Oh，dear，” said the country mouse. “Your food is good，but your life is not.I feel afraid everywhere.Goodbye.I’m going back to the country.”
【语篇解读】　乡村的老鼠去城里的老鼠那里做客，它认为城里虽然生活富有，但是却担忧全，于是又回到了乡下。
1．The town mouse considered the life of the country mouse to be________.
A．interesting B．boring
C．exciting D. terrifying
解析：　推理推断题。依据第三段的How can you live here？The country is so quiet可推想，从城里来的老鼠认为在乡村的生活是无趣的，故选B项。
答案：　B
2．The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refers to________.
A．the town mouse’s home B．the back door
C．a lot of food on the table D．the dining room
解析：　指代题。结合第四段的There wa a lot of food on the table可知，这里的that就是指前面提到的food，故选C项。
答案：　C
3．The cat didn’t catch the mice because________.
A．one cat couldn’t fight with two mice
B．the cat was still sleepy at that time
C．the mice were powerful after eating the magic cakes
D．the cat couldn’t get into the hole in the floor
解析：　细节理解题。由倒数其次段的The mice ran into a hole in the floor.The cat couldn’t get in可知，猫无法钻进洞里，所以没有逮住老鼠，故选D项。
答案：　D
4．The country mouse went back to the country because________.
A．life is quiet but safe in the country
B．the city cat was not friendly at all
C．nowhere is better than one’s own home
D．the city life was too busy for it to enioy
解析：　推理推断题。依据最终一段的your food is good，but your life is not.I feel afraid everywhere可知乡村的老鼠认为虽然城里的食物精致，但是却担忧全，所以不如回到自己的乡下去，故选A项。
答案：　A
5．This passage is a________.
A．piece of news B．science novel
C．fairy tale D．drama
解析：　文章体裁题。本文叙述了乡下老鼠与城市老鼠的故事，是一篇童话故事，故C为正确答案。
答案：　C.

阅读理解。
Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.
Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.
This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.
Harry Morrison, chief executive（主管）of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”
Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions（排放）. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.
The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted（授予）the standard, they can use a logo（标识）in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.
( ) 1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.
B. Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.
C. Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.
D. Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers’ environmental awareness.
( ) 2. The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.
A. affect B. change C. disturb D. reject
( ) 3. According to Harry Morrison, businesses .
A. will benefit from cutting carbon emissions
B. should buy carbon allowances for shoppers
C. are required to make up for their carbon emissions
D. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere
( ) 4. We can learn from the passage that businesses will .
A. have a strong desire to reduce costs
B. use the same logo in their marketing
C. gain advantages by taking early action
D. attract more shoppers by storing goods
【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。现在顾客购物已经开头考虑环保的问题。面临顾客环保的心理需求，企业只有主动实行措施，削减排放，才会更好地赢得顾客的信任，进而获得更好的收益
1.答案 D。
【解析】主旨大意题。依据第一段最终一句“However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns”及最终一段第一句可知，企业因购买者的环保意识而去减排。故选D项。K^S*5U.C
2.答案 A。
【解析】词义猜想题。由本段中“while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy”可知，现在三分之二的顾客在购物时对环境的考虑比一年前程度加深了。因此A项符合句子意思
3.答案 A。
解析】推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand”可以推断出：商业会受益于减排。因此A项符合文章。
4.答案 C。
【解析】推理推断题。依据第五段最终一句“This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers”可知，早实行行动减排的企业可以更好地吸引顾客。因此可以推断出C项。

阅读理解。
Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws(爪)on its wings when young .They build their homes about 4.6m above the river ,an important feature(特征)for the safety of the young. It is called the hoatzin.
In appearance，the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside .The head is small, with a large set of feathers on the top, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking feature, though, is only found in the young.
Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip .Using these four claws ,together with the beak