2021高考英语(四川专用)二轮复习-第4部分-阅读理解解答技巧-专题2-.docx

Ⅰ.体验高考
(2022·福建)It was Mother's Day morning last year and I was doing shopping at our local supermarket with my five­year­old son，Tenyson.As we were leaving，we found that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fallen over at the entrance and had hit her head on the concrete.Her husband was with her，but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock.
Walking towards the scene，Tenyson became very upset about what had happened to the couple.He said to me，“Mum，it's not much fun falling over in front of everyone.”
At the front of the supermarket，a charity慈善) group had set up a stand selling cooked sausages and flowers to raise funds.Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower.“It will make her feel better，”he said.I was amazed that he'd come up with this sweet idea.So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up.“Just take it，”she replied.“I can't take your money for such a wonderful gesture.”
By now paramedics(急救人员)had arrived，and were attending to the injured woman.As we walked up to her，my son became intimidated by all the blood and medical equipment.He said he was just too scared to go up to her.
Instead I gave the flower to the woman's husband and told him，“My son was very upset for your wife and wanted to give her this flower to make her feel better.”
At that，the old man started crying and said，“Thank you so much，you have a wonderful son.Happy Mother's Day to you.”
The man then bent down and gave his wife the flower，telling her who it was from.Though badly hurt and shaken，the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.
【语篇导读】　本文是一篇记叙文，记述了五岁小男孩Tenyson为了使摔倒的老太太快活，向花摊买花并送给老太太的动人故事。
1．What does the author intend to tell us?
A．One can never be too careful.
B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Love begins with a little smile.
D．A small act of kindness brings a great joy.
解析　推理推断题。尽管老人受伤严峻，但是仍旧向作者的儿子露出了微笑。由此可见一个小小的善举都可带来欢快。故选D项。
答案　D
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The elderly woman was knocked down by Tenyson.
B．Tenyson's idea of buying a flower gained his mother's support.
C．Tenyson's care for the elderly woman puzzled the flower seller.
D．The elderly woman was moved to tears by Tenyson's gesture.
解析　事实细节题。依据第三段中so we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up.可知Tenyson的办法获得了他母亲的支持，故选B项。
答案　B
3．The underlined word“intimidated”in the fourth paragraph probably means“________”．
A．astonished B．struck
C．frightened D．excited
解析　词义猜想题。依据he said he was just too scared to go up to her可猜出“intimidated”意思是“可怕的”故选C项。
答案　C
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Flower Power
B．Mother's Day
C．An Accidental Injury
D．An Embarrassing Moment
解析　主旨大意题。尽管老人受伤严峻，但是仍旧向作者的儿子露出了微笑。所以最好的题目应当是鲜花的力气，故选A项。
答案　A
Ⅱ.仿真、模拟
Passage 1
体裁：谈论文　话题：如何减压　时间：6分钟
Our children feel stressed out by an educational system that actually uses stress as an educational technique.It's a constant pressure of homework deadlines，essays and exams.And our children are told at a young age that failing a test means that they are failures in life.They'll end up nowhere if they don't pass this or that exam.Our educational system is based on a very Western idea that life is a struggle and you'd better measure up.It's survival of the fittest.While there is some truth to this，not as much as people think.
Our ancestors didn't develop a constant stress environment.Back then，stress came quickly and was over quickly，it wasn't like the stress of modern education.Stress was originally just a short­term biological response to danger；however，the constant stress of modern education rarely stops.It's long term，at least ten years and usually more.
Recent research has shown that the neurological(神经系统的)response to stress is the same response that is found in depression.So，what's the solution? A number have been proposed，including but not limited to the following.
________.Exercise consumes energy that would otherwise build up in the stress response and could cause physical and mental problems.
Teach relaxation exercises.Allowing the mind and body to relax cuts off the stress response and reduces the neurological fatigue，enabling the individual to recover at least somewhat.
Pay attention to thinking.Training the stressed student to pay attention to his or her own mind to a point where he or she is sufficiently aware to shut off the stress response when necessary.
Of course，there's a logical answer to the problem.Just rearrange our teaching methods to encourage，rather than prevent，the natural curiosity and joy in learning that we are all born with.This would remove the stress and probably cut learning time in half.
【语篇导读】　在现行训练制度下，孩子们的压力很大，已经不堪重负了。作为家长和老师，应当怎样有效的挂念孩子减压呢？
1．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Dealing with stress in modern education.
B．Helping children live a happy life.
C．Getting rid of the modern education.
D．Taking measures to learn at school.
解析　主旨大意题。这是一篇谈论文，叙述了现行训练制度下，如何挂念孩子摆脱压力。故选A项。
答案　A
2．Children feel stressed because ______.
A．they dislike the educational technique
B．they have no ability to finish their homework
C．they are convinced high grades are important
D．they suffer numbers of failures in their life
解析　细节理解题。依据文章第一段的our children are told at a young age that failing a test means that they are failures in life可知，孩子们很小的时候就被告知考试失败意味着他们生活中也会失败。故选C项。
答案　C
3．How did our ancestors treat education?
A．They thought education was the only way to success.
B．They felt education could bring short­term stress.
C．They believed education could bring the best out.
D．They knew the importance of good education.
解析　推理推断题。依据文章其次段的Back then，stress came quickly and was over quickly可知，我们的祖先那时候，在训练方面压力来得快，也很快结束，是短期行为，故选B项。
答案　B
4．Which of the following is the best for the blank?
A．Make sure that kids get exercise.
B．Quite a few children avoid exercise.
C．Try to save energy as much as possible.
D．Set a few limits to your physical activities.
解析　推理推断题。运动消耗能量，否则这些能量引起压力反应，可能会导致身体和心理问题。因此让孩子们参与运动，这样可以减压。故选A项。
答案　A
5．If you are a teacher in a high school ______.
A．you should relax yourself as far as possible
B．you should ignore the stressed student
C．you should leave students in a good mood
D．you should stick to your teaching methods
解析　细节理解题。依据文章尾段可知，老师应当鼓舞孩子们的古怪   心，让孩子们在愉悦中学习。故选C项。
答案　C
Passage 2
体裁：说明文　话题：网络时代　时间：6分钟
Think about how many ways there are for you to communicate today.You can send a letter or pick up the phone and make a call.But today，one of the most popular ways to communicate is called instant messaging(IM)．In any instant messaging system，you type a little text message on your computer，press the “Send” button，and your message instantly shows up on your friend's screen.But how does it work?
Actuallythe whole process is very cool.In the 1980s，you could sit down at a computer at any big university.Up to 100 people would be logged in and share the computer because these computers were very expensive.You could type a command to send an instant message to anyone logged in the same computer.It felt like everyone was connected together no matter where they were sitting.
Today，you can communicate with anyone in the world.All you need is an instant messaging program installed on your computer.There are many programs to choose from.AOL's instant messenger is probably the most popular right now.MSN has one.Google has Google Talk.
When you're ready，you create an account.Next，you need to figure out the IM names your friends use.Add their IM names to your IM program.Click on the friend you want to talk to and then type away.When you click “Send”，your friend gets the message instantly.
But behind the scenes，amazing things are happening.Your IM program is communicating with a computer，called a server，which could be just down the road or even in some other city.All your friends' computers are communicating with a server，too.Your computer is constantly chatting with it to make everything happen.The network called the Internet makes it all possible.
【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了目前网上最流行的沟通方式——即时通信。
1．What could be the best title of the passage?
A．Different Ways of Communication
B．The Easiest Way to Talk to a Friend
C．How to Send Instant Messages
D．Development of Communication
解析　主旨大意题。依据第一段的后两句及整篇文章的内容可知，该文介绍的是如何发送即时消息，所以选C项作标题最合适。
答案　C
2．Why did so many people share a computer in the 1980s?
A．Because they wanted to be connected to each other.
B．Because few people could afford to buy computers.
C．Because few people knew how to use computers.
D．Because computers at that time were too large.
解析　细节理解题。依据其次段的第三句“Up to 100 people would be logged in and share the computer because these computers were very expensive.”可知，一百多个人使用一台电脑是由于电脑太贵，很少有人买得起。
答案　B
3．From the passage we can see that “Google Talk”______．
A．is a kind of search engine
B．refers to a computer company
C．is a famous website
D．is an IM program
解析　细节理解题。依据第三段内容可知，要想进行即时谈天，你需要在电脑上装一个IM程序，并且有很多这样的程序供你选择，故Google Talk是一个IM程序。
答案　D
4．The underlined“it” in the last paragraph most probably refers to“______ ”．
A．a server B．an IM program
C．a computer D．the Internet
解析　代词指代题。依据上文中的“Your IM program is communicating with a computer，called a server”以及“All your friends' computers are communicating with a server，too.”可知，此处的it指的就是前面提到的a server。
答案　A
Passage 3
体裁：记叙文　话题：慈善行为　时间：6分钟
Basketball professional Tina Charles grew up understanding the importance of education and of giving back to others.When the WNBA star and the 2022 US Olympic Women's Basketball team athlete heard about the chance to fund a school in an African village，she made sure to take part.
Charles first came across the opportunity while she was a sophomore in college.At that time，she didn't have the funds to help out，but all of that changed when she was drafted(选派) to the WNBA.With the help of two charitable organizations—OmniPeace and buildOn—Charles funded the entire 32,000 cost of the school.
The school，completed earlier this spring，was built in the small village of Ganale in western Africa.Before Charles' contribution，children living in the village were schooled in tiny mud huts.The lack of proper lighting and of proper airflow made it difficult for the students to learn.
The new school building is nearly 3,000 square feet and contains three large classrooms.It can fit up to 150 students at a time and is also used for adult literacy(读写力量) classes in the evenings.The school will be a source of learning for generations to come.
Charles undertook this charitable act while playing professional basketball and preparing for the London Olympics.The Olympic Games begin today，July 27，and Charles will play for a team that has won the gold medal in the last four Olympic Games.
The first­time Olympic competitor considers her position in the team，along with 12 fellow female basketball players，a “testament to how hard she works”．
Whether it is representing her country in the Olympic Games or giving back to the community，Charles is always working hard.“Once you receive，you have to give，” she told the reporter.“I wanted to give others the same opportunities I had growing up.”
【语篇导读】　首次参与奥运会的美国女子职业篮球运动员蒂娜·查尔斯出资32 000美元，为非洲的一个村子援建了一所学校。
1．Charles didn't help with the building of a school the first time she came across the opportunity because ______.
A．she was busy with her studies
B．she couldn't make the decision
C．she didn't have enough money
D．she was busy playing basketball
解析　细节理解题。依据其次段可知，在上高校期间，蒂娜就听说了为非洲援建学校的事情，但是，当时她没有钱来供应挂念。故答案为C。
答案　C
2．The underlined word“testament”in Paragraph 6 probably means“______ ”．
A．proof B．guarantee
C．investigation D．devotion
解析　词义猜想题。依据第六段可知，蒂娜认为自己在球队里的位置是对自己努力的一个证明。由此可推断画线词意为“证明”与proof同义。其他几个词代入原文均讲不通。
答案　A
3．What do the villagers do in the new school in the evening?
A．Watch TV and movies.
B．Sing and dance to have fun.
C．Learn how to read and write.
D．Help children with their lessons.
解析　细节理解题。依据第四段其次句的内容可知，成年人晚上到新学校来学识字。故答案为C。
答案　C
4．What is the best title of the text?
A．An Olympian Lends a Hand
B．African Children's New Life
C．A New School for African Children
D．The Woman Olympic Competitor
解析　主旨大意题。依据文章内容可知，本文主要叙述了首次参与奥运会的美国女子篮球运动员蒂娜为非洲捐款建学校的故事，因此A项作为本文的标题最合适。
答案　A
Passage 4
体裁：记叙文　话题：学校生活　时间：6分钟
Would you want a doctor who got high marks in medical school just for trying hard? Apparently many college students would have no problem with that.They believe students are owed a good grade simply because they put a lot of effort into a class.
The researchers asked over 800 undergraduates if they agreed or disagreed with some statements.For example：“If I have completed most of the reading for a class，I deserve a B in that course.”“A professor should not be annoyed with me if I receive an important call during class.”
Just 16% thought it was OK to take that phone call.But 66% agreed that a professor should consider effort and not just the quality of a student's work when deciding grades.And 40% thought they should get a B，the second highest mark，just because they did most of the reading for class.
Some experts aren't surprised that students often see no difference between effort and results.Social critics like to say that in children's activities these days，everyone gets an award just for trying，so no one will feel rejected.
Yet competition to get into the best colleges is fiercer than ever.Students may worry that low grades will keep them out of graduate school or a good job.
And there may be another explanation: pressure from parents to get a good return on the family's investment.These days, college can cost more than a house.
A former teaching assistant recently wrote to The New York Times about his experience with grade expectations.He would try to explain it this way when students asked for a top grade just for studying hard in chemistry class.
What if a baseball player came to spring training and worked harder than all the others，but still could not play well? Would the team accept him anyway，just because he tried so hard?
The students would say no.But most of them would still ask for an A.
【语篇导读】　很多高校生认为只要他们努力学习，就应当得到高的分数，但是专家认为，努力和结果不能等同。
1．What does the passage mainly discuss?
A．Whether students deserve high marks just for trying hard.
B．Whether students are allowed to answer calls in class.
C．How students can get a good grade in the course.
D．Why students put a lot of efforts in their studies.
解析　主旨大意题。依据全文内容尤其是第一段中的“They believe students are owed a good grade simply because they put a lot of effort into a class.”可知，文章主要争辩的是“付出努力是否应当得到高分”。
答案　A
2．According to the research，most of the students ______.
A．thought it was all right to answer the call during class
B．objected to deciding grades only by the quality of a student's work
C．thought they did most of the work for class and should get a B
D．agreed that they should be given to