2022日照市高考英语完形类和阅读类暑假选练(3)及答案.docx

完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Who designed (设计) the first helicopter (直升飞机)? Who __1__ of the most famous pictures in the world? Who knew more about the human body than most __2__? There is an answer __3__ all these questions --- Leonardo de Vinci (达芬奇).
Leonardo may have been the greatest genius (天才) __4__ have ever known. He lived in Italy around the year 1500, but many of his inventions seem modern to us today. For example, one of his notebooks has drawings of a helicopter. Of course, he couldn’t __5__ a helicopter with the things he had. But scientists say his idea would have worked.
But Leonardo __6__ an inventor. He was one of the greatest artists of his day. By the time he was twenty years old, he was called a master ( 大师) painter, and as he got older he became __7__ more famous. Sometimes he drew a hand ten different ways __8__ he was ready to paint.
Many of Leonardo’s wonderful paintings are still with __9__ today. You may know one of his most famous works the __10__ woman known as the Mona Lisa.

名师点评
本文介绍了堪称世界上最宏大的天才——达•芬奇在制造、艺术等方面为人类所作的巨大贡献，文章层次分明，通俗易懂。

(C)1. A. took B. made C. painted D. invented
【解析】C。为了引出话题人物━━达•芬奇，这里引用了设问手法，问题应表示“是谁画了世界上最出名的画”，故选择动词painted。
(B)2. A. artists B. doctors C. painters D. people
【解析】B。对人体比较了解的莫过于医生了，将达•芬奇与医生相比才能显示其对人体的精通。故选择doctors。
(A)3. A. to B. of C. for D. from
【解析】A。介词to常表示一一对应的关系，“问题的答案”习惯表达为an answer to a question。
(D)4. A. the scientists B. the artists C. the world D. people
【解析】D。达•芬奇应是世人所知道的天才中最宏大的人，the world 一般指每个人，相当于第三人称单数，故people为正确选项。
(D)5. A. draw B. paint C. work D. build
【解析】D。draw和paint不合文意, work为不及物动词，不能直接接宾语。在那个时代，达•芬奇所不能做的应是制造飞机，故选择build。
(B)6. A. was just B. wasn’t just C. wasn’t D. was no longer
【解析】B。这一句起承上启下的作用，意为“达•芬奇不仅仅是一名制造家”，故选择 wasn’t just
(C)7. A. less B. no C. even D. very
【解析】C。less和no不合文章，very不能用来修饰比较级，而even常用来修饰比较级，意为“甚至更……”，故为正确选项。
(A)8. A. before B. after C. because D. when
【解析】A。为了使自己的画达到最高境界应在画这幅画之前去尝试不同的画法，所以应选before。
(B)9. A. him B. us C. them D. you
【解析】B。达•芬奇的画今日照旧保存在世，为本文作者以及读者所共享，所以应选us。
(C)10. A. interesting B. crying C. smiling D. surprising
【解析】C。达•芬奇的名作━━Mona Lisa以画中人物面部奇怪的微笑而名扬天下，故选smiling

语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】
M: Can you tell me__1__about your education?
W: Yes. I'm a__2__(graduate) of Zhengzhou University. I learned business.
M: Did you like your business courses?
W: Very much, and I've done well__3__all of them. Here are the results of my examinations.
M: Hm, you were indeed a good student. What about your__4__(speak) English?
W: I can talk with foreigners__5__(free). When I was at college, I often__6__(go) to the English Corner. We had English teachers from Australia.
M: Hm. We can hire you. We give the employees __7__salary of 480 dollars a month at the beginning. If you do a good job, you will get a rise in three__8__(month) time.
W: That's great. How long should I work every day?
M: Four hours every day and two days__9__in a week.
W: Do you offer housing to your employees?
M: Not now. My assistant will tell you__10__you are interested in.
W: OK. When shall I begin my work?
M: Next week.
1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______
6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　0.______
答案：1.something　2.graduate　3.in　4.spoken　5.freely　
6.went　7.a　8.months'　9.off　10.what

语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】
In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear__1__spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with confidence and without hesitation.__2__， we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to success__3__language learning.__4__good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only__5__(memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long lists of words and__6__meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language.__7__we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of__8__(advise) for those__9__are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practice speaking and__10__(write) the language whenever we can.
1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______
6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______
答案：1.it　2.Thirdly　3.in　4.A　5.to memorize　6.their
7．If　8.advice　9.who/that　10.writing

【2021高考复习】阅读理解
For anyone who is determined to be a fashion designer，it is not enough to have succeeded in college.The real test is whether they can survive，and become established during their early 20s，making a name for themselves in the real world where business skills can be as important as talent and creativity.
Fashion is a hard business.There is a continuous amount of stress because work is at a constant and extremely fast speed to prepare for the next season’s collections.It is extremely competitive and there is the constant need to make attractive advertisements of the latest fashion in newspapers and magazines.It also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy.“We try to warn people before they come to us about how tough it is.” says Lydia Kemeny，Head of Fashion at St.Martin’s School of Art in London.“And we point out that drive and determination are absolutely necessary.”
This may seem far removed from the popular opinions of fashionable young people spending their time designing pretty dresses.That may well be what they do in their first year of study but a good college won’t be slow in introducing students to commercial realities，“We don’t walk our foot on the blossoming flower of creativity but in the second year we start introducing the restrictions of price，producing ability，marketing and so on.”
Almost all fashion design is done to a brief.It is not a form of self­expression as such，although there is certainly room for imagination and creativity.Most young designers are going to end up as employees of a producer or a fashion house and they still need to be able to work within the characteristic style of their employer.Even those students who are most modern in their own taste of clothes may need to adapt to produce designs which are right for the mainstream of the market.They also have to be able to work at both the expensive and the cheap end of the market and the challenge to produce good design inexpensively may well be demanding.
【语篇解读】　成为时尚设计师并不是件简洁的事。仅仅在高校校内里猎取学业的成功是不够的，时尚在不断变化，商业技巧和天赋、制造性同样重要。
5．Which of the following is mainly discussed in the passage?
A．Talent in fashion.
B．Good marks at college.
C．Ability to create new designs.
D．Business skills in fashion industry.
解析　主旨大意题。第一段是文章的主题段，通读全文可知整篇文章介绍的是在时尚业应当把握怎样的商业技巧才能立足。
答案　D
6．What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A．Fashion designers are highly motivated and really detemined.
B．Good preparations for the next season can reduce stress.
C．Consumers’ appetite for new ideas keeps changing.
D．Advertisement business is very competitive.
解析　细节理解题。从其次段中的“It also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy.”可知消费者对时尚的追求是不断变化的。
答案　C
7．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Lydia Kemeny’s opinion.
B．The competitive business world.
C．The warning to the young designers.
D．The real situation in fashion industry.
解析　代词指代题。通过阅读其次、三段可知，This指代的是其次段讲到的内容，即时尚界的真实状况。
答案　D
8．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．St.Martin’s School of Art encourages the new students to design dresses they like.
B．St.Martin’s School of Art requires students to develop their creativity in their designing.
C．St.Martin’s School of Art demands students to make pretty dresses for companies.
D．St.Martin’s School of Art focuses on teaching students commercial realities.
解析　正误推断题。依据第三段的其次句和第三句可知该校重视教同学有关商业方面的学问。
答案　D

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Although April did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the Central Valley doesn’t generally experience the sound and lightning that can go with those rains, it’s still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning.
The reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. For example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth? Our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when it’s actually the other way around. But then, if we believed only what we think and we see, we’d still insist that the sun rises in the morning and sets at night.
Most lightning flashes take place inside a cloud, and only a relative few can be seen jumping between two clouds or between earth and a cloud. But, with about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night, there’s enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.
Parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them. When children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval (间隔) between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark (闪光).
1. According to the author, in the area of the Central Valley____.
A. rains usually come without thunder and lightning.
B. it is usually dry in April
C. children pay no attention to the two natural wonders.
D. parents are not interested in thunder an lightning.
2. We believe that lightning is a downward motion because_______.
A. we were taught so by our parents from our childhood.
B. we are taken in by our sense of vision.
C. it is a common natural sight.
D. it is a truth proved by science.
3. What is TRUE about lightning according to the passage?
A. Only a small number of lightning flashes occur on earth.
B. Lightning flashes usually jump from one cloud to another.
C. Lightning travels 5 times faster than thunder.
D. There are far more lightning strikes occurring on earth than we can imagine.
4. The underlined word “activity” is most closely related to the word (s) _____.
A. cloud B. lightning strikes C. lightning flashes D. thunderstorms
5. It can be concluded from the passage that _______.
A. we should not believe what we see or hear.
B. things moving downward are more noticeable.
C. people sometimes may have wrong ideas about ordinary phenomena.
D. adults are not as good as children in observing certain natural phenomena.
【参考答案】1—5、ABDDC

【重庆市南开中学2022高考英语二诊考试】
请阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In December of l 992．I was a happy husband and father of two young children．A month later，I was diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia(急性白血病)．
After two years of chemo(化疗)that helped control the disease，my body was weak and lifeless．I felt as if I were a puppet who needed help to lift his arms or hold up his head．
I began to run．After six months my strength had come back．On one of my runs，one where I felt I could run forever，I decided I was going to try to run a marathon．
After telling my Dad about my plan，he told me of a program that trains people to run a marathon，while raising funds for Leukemia research at the same time．So that summer，through the Leukemia Society’s Team in Training program，I started to train for the Marine Corps Marathon．During mile after mile of uncertainty，the day finally came to run the marathon．
On October 27，1996，at 8 A．M．，along with l9,000 other brave souls I started on a 26.2-mile journey that I will never forget．
I first saw my wife Patty at the six-mile mark . She seemed happy that I was still looking as if I knew what I was doing，and having a good time doing it．At Mile l7，my mind was going back to those two horrible years that tried to bring my family and me down．I saw her again．The concern in her face told me she knew I was starting to struggle．I felt as if we were thinking the same，nine more miles and these last few years will be behind us．
That thought alone pulled me forward．Mile 22，23，slowing but going，24，25，then there it was．The Iwo Jima War Memorial．I have seen nothing so grand and inspiring in my life．Three hours and forty-one minutes after I started，I crossed what I think has to be the most fitting finish line in all of road racing!
That night the Leukemia Society gave me a pin at a post-race party that simply says，“Leukemia 26.2”．
If God wills，my cancer may once again take away my hair and my strength，maybe even my life．But it can never take away my pin，or the fact that I am a marathoner .
36．The writer decided to run a marathon because __________ .
A．he wanted to raise money for Leukemia research
A． B．he believed he was able to take the challenge
B． C．he hoped to recover his strength through training
C． D．his dad knew about the race and made the suggestion
2. 37．Which statement is RIGHT about the writer?
A． He has always been dreaming of becoming a marathoner．
B． The training he took that summer well prepared him for the race．
C． Those running in the race were mostly Leukemia patients like him .
D． His wife was with him during the marathon to give him support．
3. 38．Why does the writer think the finish line is the most fitting?
A． Because running a marathon is the most suitable sport for him．
B． Because the memorial is the most powerful construction he has seen．
C． Because he considers it a victory over his disease to finish the race．
D． Because 26.2 miles is the most reasonable distance for road racing．
4. 39．Which of the following can best describe the writer?
A． A．Optimistic and outspoken B．Strong-willed and determined
B． C．Generous and easy-going D．Brave and warm-hearted
5. 【参考答案】36—39、BDCB