2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)教学提纲.doc

2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

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2018年6月四级考试真题（第一套）
PartⅠ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) Annoyed. C) Confused.
B) Scared. D) Offended.

2. A) It crawled over the woman’s hands. C) It was killed by the police on the spot.
B) It wound up on the steering wheel. D) It was covered with large scales.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) A study of the fast-food service.
B) Fast food customer satisfaction.
C) McDonald’s new business strategies.
D) Competition in the fast-food industry.

4. A) Customers’ higher demands. C) Increased variety of products.
B) The inefficiency of employees. D) The rising number of customers.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) International treaties regarding space travel programs.
B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration.
C) U.S. government’s approval of private space missions.
D) Competition among public and private space companies.

6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.
B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space.
C) Work with federal agencies on space programs.
D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars.

7. A) It is significant. C) It is unpredictable.
B) It is promising. D) It is unprofitable.

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) Visiting her family in Thailand. C) Swimming around a Thai island.
B) Showing friends around Phuket. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.

9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage. C) She learned some Thai words.
B) She met a Thai girl’s parents. D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach.

10. A) His class will start in a minute. C) Someone is knocking at his door.
B) He has got an incoming phone call. D) His phone is running out of power.

11. A) He is interested in Thai artworks.
B) He is going to open a souvenir shop.
C) He collects things from different countries.
D) He wants to know more about Thai culture.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym.
B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers.
C) Signing up for a weight-loss course.
D) Trying out a new gym in town.

13. A) Professional personal training. C) A discount for a half-year membership.
B) Free exercise for the first week. D) Additional benefits for young couples.

14. A) The safety of weight-lifting. C) The renewal of his membership.
B) The high membership fee. D) The operation of fitness equipment.

15. A) She wants her invitation renewed.
B) She used to do 200 sit-ups every day.
C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.
D) She used to be the gym’s personal trainer.

Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They tend to be nervous during interviews.
B) They often apply for a number of positions.
C) They worry about the results of their applications.
D) They search extensively for employers’ information.

17. A) Get better organized. C) Find better-paid jobs.
B) Edit their references. D) Analyze the searching process.

18. A) Provide their data in detail. C) Make use of better search engines.
B) Personalize each application. D) Apply for more promising positions.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) If kids did not like school, real learning would not take place.
B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.
C) If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protest.
D) If teaching failed to improve, kids would stay away from school.

20. A) Allow them to play interesting games in class.
B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments.
C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents.
D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.

21. A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace.
B) Encourage kids to learn from each other.
C) Organize kids into various interest groups.
D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska.
B) It is a major social activity among the young.
C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.
D) It is even more expressive than the written word.

23. A) It is located in a big city in Iowa. C) It offers free dance classes to seniors.
B) It is really marvelous to look at. D) It offers people a chance to socialize.

24. A) Their state of mind improved. C) They enjoyed better health.
B) They became better dancers. D) Their relationship strengthened.

25. A) It is fun. C) It is exhausting.
B) It is life. D) It is rhythmical.

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .
All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.
To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work” days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.

A) assisted I) inhabitants
B) collaborating J) innovation
C) consequence K) intended
D) consumers L) outdoor
E) creating M) pollutants
F) detail N) restricted
G) domestic O) sum
H) frequently

Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces ‘Endangered’ List
A) On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice’s main tourist sites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo. But on this day, there was a twist: it was tilled with Venetians, not tourists.

B) “People are cheering and holding their carts in the air,” says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione ’90. The carts he refers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian. “It started as a joke,” he says with a laugh. “The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down.”

C) Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that’s a problem. Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city’s population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can’t even get to the market without swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work.

D) Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they’re only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice, worth more than $3 billion in 2015. “Venice is a cash cow,” she says, “and everyone wants a piece.”

E) Just beyond St. Mark’s Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval (中世纪的) surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. “Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad,” Chigi says. “You see the mud it drags; the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the city underwater. One day we’ll see Venice break down.”

F) For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to agree. Two years ago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World Heritage Site, a great honor that means Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all of the world’s people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice’s flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list—World Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.

G) Venice’s deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝) this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting in Istanbul. Only one representative, Jad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue. “For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, and it has now reached a dramatic situation,” Tabet told UNESCO. “We have to act quickly, there is not a moment to waste.”

H) But UNESCO didn’t even hold a vote. “It’s been postponed until 20l7,” says Anna Somers, the founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to restoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didn’t vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO has become “intensely politicized. There would have been some back-room negotiations.”

I) Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world, granting it considerable power and influence within the organization. The former head of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, a Venetian who now serves as UNESCO’s assistant director-general for culture.

J) Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS. The accord underlined Italy’s global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.

K) But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list—which is dominated by sites in developing and conflict-ridden countries—would be an international embarrassment, and could even hurt Italy’s profitable tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, it declined a request for an interview.

L) The city’s current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.

M) As for Venetians, they’re beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soon. “It’s a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists around,” says Giorgio as he navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge. “There are just so many of them. They never know where they are going, and do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigating the streets can be exhausting.”

N) Then it hits him: This crowd isn’t made up of tourists. They’re Venetians. Giorgio says he’s never experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years. “For once, we are the ones who are blocking the traffic,” he says delightedly. “It feels unreal. It feels like we’re some form of endangered species. It’s just nice. The feeling is just pure.” But, he worries, if tourism isn’t managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.

36. The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings in Venice.

37. The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to p