汽车运用作业matlab程序教学文案.doc

汽车运用作业matlab程序

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1.3
1)绘制驱动力与行驶阻力平衡图
利用Matlab画图，具体语句如下：

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;t=0.844;r=0.367;ig1=5.56;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig1*io);
Ft1=Ttq*ig1*io*t/r;
plot(ua,Ft1)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;t=0.844;r=0.367;ig2=2.769;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig2*io);
Ft2=Ttq*ig2*io*t/r;
plot(ua,Ft2)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;t=0844;r=0.367;ig3=1.644;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig3*io);
Ft3=Ttq*ig3*io*t/r;
plot(ua,Ft3)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;t=0.844;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig4*io);
Ft4=Ttq*ig4*io*t/r;
plot(ua,Ft4)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;t=0.844;r=0.367;ig5=0.793;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig5*io);
Ft5=Ttq*ig5*io*t/r;
plot(ua,Ft5)
hold on;

m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;
u=0:1:120;
Ff=m*g*f;
Fw=CdA*u.^2/21.15;
Fr=Ff+Fw;
Ft5=Ttq*ig5*io*t/r;
Ff=m*g*f;
Fw=CdA*u.^2/21.15;
Fr=Ff+Fw;
plot(u,Fr)
运行生成图像如下:

2）求汽车最高车速,最大爬坡度及克服该坡度时相应的附着率
当Ft=Ff+Fw时,汽车处于稳定状态,并达到最高车速
由图可知
Ｕmax=101km/h
最大爬坡度及附着率：
一档时有最大爬坡度,由驱动力与阻力图
当ua=8.037km/h时: GsinFt-(Ff+Fw)最大。
可知： Ft=13058N,Fr=316,F=Ft-Fr=12742N.
由: Gsinα=F可得：
α=19.2°.
i=tanα=0.348
货车为后轮驱动 C2=i/(a/L+hg*i/L)
其中 L=3.2m, a=1.947m, hg=0.9m.
解得 C2=0.4927
3）绘制加速度倒数曲线：
利用Matlab画图，具体语句如下：

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
i0=5.83;t=0.844;r=0.367;ig1=5.56;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598;If=0.218;m=3880;r=0.367;
g=9.8;f=0.012;CdA=2.77;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig1*io);
Ft1=Ttq*ig1*io*t/r;
dert=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r.^2)+If*ig1.^2*i0.^2*t/(m*r.^2);
Ff=m*g*f;
Fw1=CdA*ua.^2/21.15;
Fr1=Ff+Fw1;
a1=(dert*m)./(Ft1-Fr1);

plot(ua,a1)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;t=0.844;r=0.367;ig2=2.769;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598;If=0.218;m=3880;r=0.367;
g=9.8;f=0.012;CdA=2.77;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig2*io);
Ft2=Ttq*ig2*io*t/r;
dert=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r.^2)+If*ig2.^2*io.^2*t/(m*r.^2);
Ff=m*g*f;
Fw2=CdA*ua.^2/21.15;
Fr2=Ff+Fw2;
a2=(dert*m)./(Ft2-Fr2);
plot(ua,a2)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;t=0.844;r=0.367;ig3=1.644;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598;If=0.218;m=3880;r=0367;
g=9.8;f=0.012;CdA=2.77;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig3*io);
Ft3=Ttq*ig3*io*t/r;
dert=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r.^2)+If*ig3.^2*i0.^2*t/(m*r.^2);
Ff=m*g*f;
Fw=CdA*ua.^2/21.15;
Fr=Ff+Fw;
a3=(dert*m)./(Ft3-Fr);
plot(ua,a3)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;t=0.844;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598;If=0.218;m=3880;r=0.367;
g=9.8;f=0.012;CdA=2.77;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig4*io);
Ft4=Ttq*ig4*io*t/r;
dert=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r.^2)+If*ig4.^2*io.^2*t/(m*r.^2);
Ff=m*g*f;
Fw=CdA*ua.^2/21.15;
Fr=Ff+Fw;
a4=(dert*m)./(Ft4-Fr);
plot(ua,a4)
hold on;
运行程序生成图形如下：

求加速时间语句如下：
n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.87*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;t=0.844;r=0.367;ig2=2.769;ig3=1.644;ig4=1.00;
ua2=0.377*r*n/(ig2*i0);ua3=0.377*r*n/(ig3*i0);ua4=0.377*r*n/(ig4*i0);
Ft2=Ttq*ig2*i0*t/r;Ft3=Ttq*ig3i0*t/r;Ft4=Ttq*ig4*i0*t/r;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;
Ff2=m*g*f;Fw2=CdA*ua2.^2/21.15;Fr2=Ff2+Fw2;F2=Ft2-Fr2;a2=m./F2;
Ff3=m*g*f;Fw3=CdA*ua3.^2/21.15;Fr3=Ff3+Fw3;F3=Ft3-Fr3;a3=m./F3;
Ff4=m*g*f;Fw4=CdA*ua4.^2/21.15;Fr4=Ff4+Fw4;F4=Ft4-Fr4;a4=m./F4;
m2=5.142415:0.001:34.282777;m3=34.28277:0.001:57.74269;m4=57.7427:0.001:70;
t2=interp1(ua2,a2,m2,'spline');t3=interp1(ua3,a3,m3,'spline');t4=interp1(ua4,a4,m4,'spline');
plot(m2,t2,m3,t3,m4,t4);
hold on;
%面积
A=0.001*sum(t2-0)+0.001*sum(t3-0)+0.001*sum(t4-0)
T=86.8332/3.6
运行结果：
A= 88.5961；
T= 24.1203
即加速时间为24.1203 S
各档位加速时间段图像如下：

2.7
1）汽车功率平衡图：
Matlab语句如下：
n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;r=0.367;ig1=5.56;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig1*io);
Ttqn=-19.313*n+295.27*1000*(n/1000).^2-165.44*1000*(n/1000).^3+40.874*1000*(n/1000).^ 4-3.8445*1000*(n/1000).^5;

P1=0.377*Ttqn/3600;
plot(ua,P1)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;r=0.367;ig2=2.769;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig2*io);
Ttqn=-19.313*n+295.27*1000*(n/1000).^2-165.44*1000*(n/1000).^3+40.874*1000*(n/1000).^4-3.8445*1000*(n/1000).^5;
P2=0.377*Ttqn/3600;
plot(ua,P2)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;r=0.367;ig3=1.644;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig3*io);
Ttqn=-19.313*n+295.27*1000*(n/1000).^2-165.44*1000*(n/1000).^3+40.874*1000*(n/1000).^4-3.8445*1000*(n/1000).^5;
P3=0.377*Ttqn/3600;
plot(ua,P3)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig4*io);
Ttqn=-19.313*n+295.27*1000*(n/1000).^2-165.44*1000*(n/1000).^3+40.874*1000*(n/1000).^4-3.8445*1000*(n/1000).^5;
P4=0.377*Ttqn/3600;
plot(ua,P4)
hold on;

n=600:1:4000;
Ttq=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;
io=5.83;r=0.367;ig5=0.793;
ua=0.377*r*n/(ig5*io);
Ttqn=-19.313*n+295.27*1000*(n/1000).^2-165.44*1000*(n/1000).^3+40.8741000*(n/1000).^4-3.8445*1000*(n/1000).^5;
P5=0.377*Ttqn/3600;
plot(ua,P5)
hold on;

ua=0:1:110;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
Pr=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(1000*3.6*t);
plot(ua,Pr)
生成图形如下：

2）最高档与次高档百公里油耗
次高档百公里油耗:
利用Matlab计算出八组数据，Matlab语句如下：
n=815;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1426.8;B1=-416.46;B2=72.379;B3=-5.8629;B4=0.17768;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs1=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=1207;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1354.7;B1=-303.98;B2=36.657;B3=-2.0553;B4=0.043072;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs2=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=1614;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1284.4;B1=-189.75B2=14.524;B3=-0.51184;B4=0.0068164;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs3=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=2012;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1122.9;B1=-121.59;B2=7.0035;B3=-0.18517;B4=0.0018555;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs4=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=2063;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1141.0;B1=-98.893;B2=4.4763;B3=-0.091077;B4=0.00068906;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs5=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=3006;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1051.2;B1=-73.714;B2=2.8593;B3=-0.05138;B4=0.00035032;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs6=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=3403;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77; t=0.844;
B0=1233.9;B1=-84.478;B2=2.9788;B3=-0.047449;B4=0.00028230;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3B4*P.^4;
Qs7=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=3884;r=0.367;ig4=1.00;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1129.7;B1=-45.291;B2=0.71113;B3=-0.00075215;B4=-0.000038568;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs8=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)
运行结果如下：
ua/(km/h)
19.3418
28.6448
38.3038
47.7493
48.9596
71.3391
80.7608
92.1760
Qs/(L/100km)
15.3721
13.0027
13.5899
13.6992
15.8123
16.7134
19.0753
22.1307
舍去第一组数据
利用EXCEL画出图像：

最高档百公里油耗：
利用Matlab计算出八组数据，Matlab语句如下：
n=815;r=0.367;ig4=0.793;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1426.8;B1=-416.46;B2=72.379;B3=-5.8629;B4=0.17768;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs1=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=1207;r=0.367;ig4=0.793;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;

B0=1354.7;B1=-303.98;B2=36.657;B3=-2.0553;B4=0.043072;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs2=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=1614;r=0.367;ig4=0.793;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1284.4;B1=-189.75;B2=14.524;B30.51184;B4=0.0068164;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs3=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=2012;r=0.367;ig4=0.793;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1122.9;B1=-121.59;B2=7.0035;B3=-0.18517;B4=0.0018555;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs4=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=2603;r=0.367;ig4=0.793;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1141.0;B1=-98.893;B2=4.4763;B3=-0.091077;B4=0.00068906;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs5=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=3006;r=0.367;ig4=0.793;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1051.2;B1=-73.714;B2=2.8593;B3=-0.05138;B4=0.00035032;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs6=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=3403;r=0.367;ig4=0.793;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1233.9;B1=-84.478;B2=2.9788;B3=-0.047449;B4=0.00028230;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;

Qs7=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)

n=3884;r=0.367;ig4=0.793;io=5.83;roug=7.00;
m=3880;f=0.012;g=9.8;CdA=2.77;t=0.844;
B0=1129.7;B1=-45.291;B2=0.71113;B3=-0.00075215;B4=-0.000038568;
ua=0.377*n*r/(ig4*io)
P=(m*g*f*ua+CdA*ua.^3/21.15)/(3600*t);
b=B0+B1*P+B2*P.^2+B3*P.^3+B4*P.^4;
Qs8=P*b/(1.02*ua*roug)
运行结果如下：
ua/(km/h)
24.3906
36.1221
48.3025
60.2135
77.9004
89.9611
101.8422
116.2371
Qs/(L/100km)
14.0272
11.7738
12.4344
13.5465
17.1929
19.4835
25.3086
-6.4323
舍去最后一组数值，利用EXCEL画图：

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