能力演练3--巧用派生词-副词-做好语法填空--完形填空-阅读理解阅读中的猜词技巧(2)-对比法--摘要资料讲解.doc

能力演练3--巧用派生词-副词-做好语法填空--完形填空-阅读理解阅读中的猜词技巧(2)-对比法--摘要

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能力演练3
一、 语法填空
专题训练(三) 巧用派生词-动词,做好语法填空
技巧点拨： 动词是句子的灵魂，在确定语法填空的答案时，要考虑句子中是否有谓语动词，如果没有谓语动词，需将所给词通过加前缀或后缀变成动词。常用的动词词缀有：
词缀
例词

-fy结尾的动词
beauty
beautify
-ize结尾的动词
modern
modernize
-en结尾的动词
quick
quicken
en-开头的动词
rich
enrich

◆活学活用
(一)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
After the engineer waited for two hours to have the plan(1)_______ (approve),he walked out of the mayor’s office into the narrow street, thinking that the administrative formalities must(2)_______(simple)to make things easier, the narrow streets of the city should(3)________ (wide) and another theatre should be built (4)_______ (rich)people，s life after work. More money should be spend(5)__________(industry)the city. Besides it was important(6)_________(deep)and(7)________(wide) the river so that there would be less flood. Just then, he smelt a delicious smell out of a restaurant and he realized he hadn，t had anything for ten hours. He then said to himself,“Why should I think of all this？Am I the mayor？The most important thing I should do now is to eat something.” He(8)__________(quick)his steps towards the restaurant.
（二）语法填空。
(2007年广东高考)I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains.The sun was setting when my car broke down near a remote village. Cursing my (1) (fortune),I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the (2) (village)who had gathered around me were (3) (argument)as to who should have the (4) (honorable)of receiving me as a guest in their house. (5) (final),I accepted the offer of an old peasant woman who lived (6) (lonely)in a little house. While she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away, where there was a garage. I had noticed three hens running free in my (7) (host)courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. Other villagers brought me goat，s cheese and honey. We drank together and talked (8) (merry)till far into the night. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the (9) (troublesome)I had caused there and also for her (10) (kind).But she refused.
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
From the time each of my children started school,I packed their lunches.And in each lunch,I 1 a note.Often written on a napkin（餐巾），it might be a thank you for a 2 moment,a reminder of something we were happily expecting,or a bit of 3 for the coming test or sporting event.
In early grade school they 4 their notes.But as children grow older they become self-conscious（有自我意识的）,and 5 he reached high school,my older son,Marc,informed me he no longer 6 my daily notes.Telling him that he no longer needed to 7 them but I still needed to write them,I 8 until the day he graduated.
Six years after high school graduation.Marc called and asked if he could move 9 for a couple of months.He had spent those years well,graduating from college, 10 two internships（实习）in Washington,D.C.,and 11 ,becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento. 12 short vacation visits,however,he had lived away from home.With his younger sister leaving for college,I was 13 happy to have Marc back.Since I was 14 making lunch for his younger brother,I 15 one for Marc,too.Imagine my surprise when Marc said he came back for his notes.
1.A.carried B.found C.included D.held
2.A.difficult B.special C.comfortable D.separate
3.A.congratulation B.improvement C.explanation D.encouragement
4.A.loved B.answered C.wrote D.examined
5.A.lately B.by the wayC.by the time D.gradually
6.A.received B.understoodC.enjoyed D.collected
7.A.copy B.read C.take D.send
8.A.held up B.gave up C.followed D.continued
9.A.out B.home C.to college D.to Sacramento
10.A.organizing B.planning C.comparing D.completing
11.A.hopefully B.finally C.particulary D.certainly
12.A.Because of B.Instead of C.Except for D.As for
13.A.especially B.immediately C.equally D.generally
14.A.once B.again C.still D.even
15.A.packed B.fetched C.bought D.filled
三、 阅读理解 阅读中的猜词技巧(3) 因果法 
方法点拨： 有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as the result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。有时利用动词(如lead to，cause，result in，result from，bring about等)表达因果关系。
1.There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd.
2.Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.
◆活学活用 
（一）利用上述猜词技巧，猜出下列划线部分的意思。
1.The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water.
2.The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken.Sometimes the weakness was permanent.So the player could never play the sport again.
3.One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.
4.That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.
5.The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.
6.What could John expect？He had left his wet swimming trunks in the dark closet for over a week. Of course they had begun to mildew .
（二）阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务。
Because Americans are living longer than ever, more psychologists and social workers have begun to study care-giving to improve care for the elderly. They have found that all care-givers share a common characteristic: all care-givers believe that they are the best person for the job, for different reasons. One care-giver said that she had always been close to her mother. Another was the oldest child. Another was the youngest child. In other words, they all felt that they could do the job better than anyone else. Social workers interviewed care-givers to find out why they took on the responsibility of caring for an elderly, dependent relative. They discovered three basic reasons. Many care-givers believed that they had an obligation to help their relatives. Some stated that helping others made them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping someone now, they would deserve care when they became old and dependent.
When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services, such as adult day-care centers. If the care-givers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse, usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discovered that the reason for this difference was fear of poverty. An ill, elderly person may live for years, and medical care and nursing homes are very expensive. An elderly couple，s savings can disappear very quickly. The surviving spouse, usually the wife, can be left in poverty. As a result, she often tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can.
Ⅰ、根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ、根据所读短文，选出最佳答案。
1. All care-givers believe that __________.
A. they will receive better care when they are oldB. they have the duty of taking care of their relatives
C. they are made more useful by helping othersD. they can take care of the elderly better than anyone else
2. Which of the following is not the basic reason of care-giving?
A. Sense of responsibility.B. Fear of criticism.
C. Contented with being of use.D. Hope for care in return.
3.Why don，t most people put their dependent spouses into nursing homes?
A. They can take better care of them at home.B. They don，t like to be at home alone.
C. They are afraid of being left poor.D. They are more useful when helping others.
4.The word “poverty” probably means “__________”.
A. bad health. B. medical service.C. lack of money. D. lack of care.
5. After reading the passage we can infer that __________.
A. family members play a major part in caring the elderly
B. care-givers are bound by their obligations to help their relatives
C. most care-givers have jobs and other responsibilities
D. social workers are not doing much to help the elderly

能力演练3答案
二、 语法填空
◆活学活用
(一)答案: (1)approved (2)be simplified (3)be widened (4)to enrich (5)industrializing (6)to deepen (7)widen (8)quickened
（二）语法填空。答案: 1.misfortune 2.villagers 3.arguing 4.honour 5.Finally
6.alone 7. hostess，s/hostess，8.merrily 9.trouble 10.kindness
二、完形填空
1.解析:由后文可知，每次午餐时我总是会加上一个便条。答案：C
2.解析:它（便条）可能是对某一特殊时刻的感谢。不能说时间舒适，故排除C项。答案：B
3.解析:由the coming test or sporting event可知。答案：D
4.解析:由下文可知，孩子小的时候喜欢看我写的便条。答案：A
5.解析:只有by the time可以引导句子，故选C项。答案：C
6.解析:当他上中学时，我的大儿子马克告诉我他不再喜欢看我每天写的便条了。答案：C
7.解析:read与write应当是对应的。 答案：B
8.解析:我一直坚持写直到他毕业的那一天。答案：D
9.解析:由本句中的Six years after high school graduation可推知马克想回家住一两个月。答案：B
10.解析:根据常识，大学毕业后应是完成实习。答案：D
11.解析:最后他成了一名技术助理。答案：B
12.解析:然而，除了假期回家短住一段时间外，他不在家住。because of因为；instead of 代替，而不是；except for除了；as for 至于，关于。答案：C
13.解析:小女儿也去上大学了，所以我特别高兴让马克回来。答案：A
14.解析:我仍在给他的小弟弟做饭。答案：C
15.解析:由文章开头的第一句可知本空应选pack一词。答案：A
阅读理解
方法点拨：
解析: 1.根据句中的 “许多示威者”推知elbow意为“挤，挤过”。
2.从he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others可看出他是一个“独裁的/专制的/专横的” administrator。
◆活学活用 
（一）
1.解析：由“无水”之因，可推知花会“枯萎、凋谢”之果。因此，wither意为“枯萎、凋谢”。
答案： 枯萎，凋谢
2.解析：从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中可以推测其意思为“永远的，永久的”。答案： 永久的
3.解析：从后面“急需食物和衣服”中可以看出，destitute是“穷困的”意思。答案： 穷困的
4.解析： 既然一天之内看不完所有的展品，这个博物馆当然是够“大的”了。答案： 大的5.解析： 既然在水浅的地方都看不到底,就一定是“浑浊不清的”。答案： 浑浊不清的
6.解析： 在这个句子中，前面讲John将他湿的游泳裤在黑暗的柜子里放了一个多星期，由此可以得知游泳裤将会发生什么。因此得知单词mildew的意思是“发霉”。答案： 6.发霉
（二）
Ⅰ、摘要。答案： The article introduces the results of a study on care-giving. For one thing, all care-givers believe that they can care for the elderly better than anyone else; for another, not many people turn to the available community services because of economic concern.
Ⅱ、
答案: DBCCA
温馨提示: 第4题是从下文的解释中通过因果法推测词义的技巧来找出答案的。老人们要活很多年，医疗护理费用高，由于害怕花光积蓄而陷入贫困，他们选择自己照顾老人。

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