职称英语模拟题2知识分享.doc

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2011年职称英语考试综合类B级全真模拟试题(1)
来源：考试吧（E）　2010-12-20 8:53:41　【考试吧：中国教育培训第一门户】　模拟考场
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第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。
　　1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively.
　　A explained 　　B invented 　　C considered 　　D accepted
　　2. He talks tough but has a tender heart.
　　A heavy 　　B strong 　　C kind 　　D wild
　　3. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.
　　A making 　　B taking 　　C discussing 　　D expecting
　　4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing.
　　A waste 　　B buy 　　C use 　　D sell
　　5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.
　　A function 　　B ability 　　C power 　　D volume
　　6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.
　　A tensely 　　B nearly 　　C carefully 　　D closely
　　7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness.
　　A supported 　　B excited 　　C inspired 　　D directed
　　8. The book provides a concise analysis of the country's history.
　　A clean 　　B perfect 　　C real 　　D brief
　　9. It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their membership cards at all times.
　　A suggested 　　B warned 　　C stated 　　D confirmed
　　10. The council meeting terminated at 2 o'clock.
　　A began 　　B continued 　　C ended 　　D resumed
　　11. Red flag was placed there as a token of danger.
　　A sign 　　B substitute 　　C proof 　　D target
　　12. However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change.
　　A reluctant 　　B eager 　　C pleased 　　D angry
　　13. It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did not merely regulate or enlarge an old one. 　　A limit 　　B control 　　C replace 　　D offset
　　14. The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.
　　A deny 　　B investigate 　　C stress 　　D create
　　15. The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water. 　　A gradually 　　B suddenly 　　C excessively 　　D exceptionally

第2部分：阅读判断 (第1～7题，每题1分，共7分)
　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Mad Scientist Stereotype Outdated
　　Do people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed? The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physics 'boffin' (科学家)still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London. The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects. 98 percent of those asked got it wrong. The majority of people picked a white male of around 60, wearing glasses and with a white beard.
　　While this stereotype may have been the image of an average physicist fifty years ago, the reality is now very different. Since 1960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31.
　　The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards full of equations(等式)or working with fizzing (嘶嘶响)test tubes. These stereotypes are really damaging to society. Very good school children are put off studying science because they don't see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science. They simply don't relate to the media's image of the mad scientist.
　　This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university. If we want to encourage more young people to study science subjects, we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive. But we must also develop children's interest in science.
　　In an attempt to change this negative image, an increasing number of science festivals are being organized. Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in nationwide science competitions of which the most popular are the national science Olympiads. Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the International Science Olympiads which are held in a different country every year. These events are all interesting for the young people who take part but they only involve a small proportion of students who are already interested in science. It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design.
　　1 Most people have similar ideas of what a physicist looks like.
　　A Right　　B Wrong　　C Not mentioned
　　2 The majority of physicists in Britain today are Cambridge graduates
　　A Right　　B Wrong　　C Not mentioned
　　3 The media and the cinema have played a role in promoting the image of the mad scientist.
　　A Right　　B Wrong　　C Not mentioned
　　4 There will be more women scientists than men scientists in. the future
　　A Right　　B Wrong　　C Not mentioned
　　5 More children will study science if it becomes more attractive.
　　A Right　　B Wrong　　C Not mentioned
　　6 The image of the mad scientist is really encouraging to society.
　　A Right　　B Wrong　　C Not mentioned
　　7 The International Science Olympiads are held once every two years.
　　A Right　　B Wrong　　C Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试　任务：(1)第1-4题　要求从所给的6个选项中为每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第5-8题　要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
Museums in the Modern World
　　Museums have changed. They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used in descriptions of museums now.
　　At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music. At the Modern Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out to new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing.
　　More and more, museums directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience of operating a spaceship or a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and paper making. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services and children's departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being places that one "should" visit, they are places to enjoy.
　　One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young people in the population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates. They are better educated than their parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and look at works of are; they want art they can participate in. The same is true of science and history. In the US, certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these groups, like young people in general, have benefited from a better education than their parents received. All these groups, and the rest of the population as well, have been influenced by television, which has taught them about other places and other times.
　　The effect of all this has been to change existing museums and to encourage the building of new ones. In the US and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them are devoted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according to the American Association of museums, has risen to more than 700 million a year.
　　In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem. Admission to museums has always been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first time or raising their prices. Even when raised, however, entrance fees are generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff.
　　EXERCISE：
　　1. Paragraph 2________.
　　2. Paragraph 3________.
　　3. Paragraph 4________.
　　4. Paragraph 5________.
　　A Causes of changes
　　B Increasing number of museums and visitors
　　C Museums getting closer to more spectators
　　D Movies shown in museums
　　E New notions about the management of museumsF Places to visit
　　5. Now museums are no longer restricted to the privileged few, but________.
　　6. With the development of society, people, especially the young people, _________.
　　7. To meet the needs of society, more museums________.
　　8. Two major problems for museums are that they have too many visitors and they ________.
　　A have higher demands of museums
　　B are open to more people with different social background
　　C to lengthen their opening hours
　　D charge too little for admission
　　E have been built and open to public

第4部分：阅读理解
　　阅读下面短文，短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
　　第一篇
A Sunshade for the Planet
　　Even with the best will1 in the world, reducing our carbon emissions is not going to prevent global warming. It has become clear that even if we take the most strong measures to control emissions, the uncertainties in our climate models still lea'ye open the possibility of extreme warming and rises in sea level.At the same time, resistance by governments and special interest groups makes it quite possible that the actions suggested by climate scientists might not be implemented soon enough.
　　Fortunately，if the worst comes to the worst, scientists still have a few tricks up their sleeves. For the most part they have strongly resisted discussing these options for fear of inviting a sense of complacency that might thwart efforts to tackle the root of the problem. Until now, that is. A growing number of researchers are taking a fresh look at large-scale “geoengineering” projects that might be used to counteract global warming. “I use the analogy of methadone,” says Stephen Schneider, a climate researcher at Stanford University in California who was among the first to draw attention to global warming. “If you have a heroin addict, the correct treatment is hospitalization, and a long rehab. But if they absolutely refuse, methadone is better than heroin.”
　　Basically the idea is to apply “sunscreen” to the whole planet. One astronomer has come up with a radical plan to cool Earth; launch trillions of feather-light discs into space, where they would form a vast cloud that would block the sun’s rays. It’s controversial, but recent studies suggest there are ways to deflect just enough of the sunlight reaching the Earth’s surface to counteract the warming produced by the greenhouse effect. Global climate models show that blocking just 1.8 per cent of the incident energy in the sun’s rays would cancel out the warming effects produced by a doubling of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. That could be crucial, because even the most severe emissions-control measures being proposed would leave us with a doubling of carbon dioxide by the end of this century, and that would last for at least a century more.
　　1. According to the first two paragraphs，the author thinks that
　　A strong measures have been taken by the government to prevent global warming.
　　B to reduce carbon emissions is all impossible mission.
　　C despite the difficulty，scientists have some options to prevent global warming.
　　D actions suggested by scientists will never be realized.
　　2. Scientists resist talking about their options because they don't want people to
　　A know what they are doing.
　　B feel their efforts are useless.
　　C think the problem has been solved.
　　D see the real problem.
　　3. What does Stephen Schneider say about a heroin addict and methadone?
　　A Methadone is an effective way to treat a hard heroin addict.
　　B Methadone is not a correct way to treat a heroin addict.
　　C Hospitalization together with methadone can work effectively with a heroin addict.
　　D Methadone and heroin are equally effective in treating a heroin addict.
　　4. What is Stephen Schneider’s idea of preventing global warming?
　　A To ask governments to take stronger measures;
　　B To increase the sunlight reaching the Earth.
　　C To apply sunscreen to the Earth.
　　D To decrease greenhouse gases.
　　5. What is NOT true of the effectiveness of “sunscreen”，according to the last paragraph?
　　A It deflects sunlight reaching the Earth to counteract the warming.
　　B It blocks the incident energy in the sun’s rays.
　　C It is a controversial method.
　　D It decreases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
　　第二篇
A Phone That Knows You're Busy
　　It's a modem problem: you're too busy to be disturbed by incessant (连续不断的) phone calls so you turn your cellphone off. But if you don't remember to turn it back on when you're less busy, you could miss some important calls. If only the phone knew when it was wise to interrupt you, you wouldn't have to turn it off at all. Instead, it could let calls through when you are not too busy.
　　A bunch of behavior sensors (传感器) and a clever piece of software could do just that, by analyzing your behavior to determine if it's a good time to interrupt you. If built into a phone, the system may decide you're too busy and ask the caller to leave a message or ring back later.
　　James Fogarty and Scott Hudson at Camegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania based their system on tiny microphones, cameras and touch sensors that reveal body language and activity. First they had to study different behaviors to find out which ones strongly predict whether your mind is interrupted.
　　The potential "busyness" signals they focused on included whether the office doors were left open or closed, the time of day, if other people were with the person in question, how close they were to each other, and whether or not the computer was in use.
　　The sensors monitored these and many other factors while four subjects were at work. At random intervals, the subjects rated how interruptible they were on a scale ranging from "highly interTuptible" to "highly not-interruptible". Their ratings were then correlated with the various be