2020-2021学年高二寒假作业-英语(七)Word版含答案.docx

高二英语寒假作业（七）

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．
A

Robert Spring, a 19th century forger (伪造者), was so good at his profession that hs was able to make his living for 15 years by selling false signatures of famous Americans. Spring was born in England in 1838 and arrived in Philadelphia in 1858 to open a bookstore. At first he prospered(富强)by selling his small but genuine collection of early US autographs (亲笔签名). Discovering his ability at copying handwriting he began imitating the signatures of George Washington and Benjimin Franklin and writing them on the title pages of old books. To lessen the chance of detection (被发觉). He sent his forgeries to England and Canada for sale, Forgers have a hard time selling products. A forger cannot approach a respectable buyer but must deal with people who don’t have much knowledge in the field. Forgers have many ways of making their works look real. For example, they buy old books and use the aged paper of the title page, and they can treat paper and ink with chemicals.
In Spring’s time, right after the Civil War, Britain was still fond of the southern states, so Spring invented a respectable young lady known as Miss Fanny Jackson, the only daughter of General “Stonewall” Jackson. For several years Miss Fanny’s financial problems forced her to sell a great number of letters and manuscripts (手稿) belonging to her famous father. Spring had to work very hard to satisfy the demand. However, all this activity did not prevent Spring from dying in poverty, leaving sharp-eyed experts the difficult task of separating his forgeries from the originals.

1．Robert Spring spent 15 years ________.
A．running a bookstore in Philadelphia                    B．as owners of old books
C．selling real signatures of famous Americans        D．as a forger
2．Why did Spring sell his false autographs in England and Canada?
A．There was less chance that his forgeries would be discovered there.
B．The prices were much higher in England and Canada.
C．There was a greater demand there than in America.
D．Britan was Spring’s birthplace.
3．After the Civil War there was a great demand in Britain for ________
A．Civil War battle plans                       
B．southern manuscripts and letters
C．the signatures of George Washington and Ben Franklin   
D．southern money

B

Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a gift for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. “ It’s unfair,” they say, “ that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays.”
The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea that the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods comes largely from the advertisements we read.
Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more likely that you would obtain details about performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.
Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading only closely-printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of the daily amount of great disasters.
We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not survive without this source of income. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programs is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!
Another thing we mustn’t forget is the “small ads”, which are virtually in every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns! For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch” column but so far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is.
1. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Advertisements create mass markets for all products.
B. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.
C. The criticisms for advertisements.
D. Advertisements are fun to read.
2. The attitude of the author towards advertisers is ________.
A. trustful B. appreciative C. critical D. dissatisfactory
3. In what way does the writer try to support his view?
A. Comparison. B. Description. C. Narration. D. Definition.
4. Which of the following is most likely to appear in the “personal column”?
A. An announcement of marriage. B. An advertisement of a laptop.
C. A letter from a reader about his experience. D. A review of a film

C
Car companies are developing vehicles that will plug into electric sockets，just like many laptops，digital cameras，cell phones and Mp4 do．Called“plug-in vehicles”，these cars will get most of their power from electricity. Their drivers won't have to stop at gas stations as often as usual．
The technology is more than just cool. In our car-filled world，plug-in vehicles could reduce the amount of gas we use，which keeps rising in cost now and then. Besides，driving around in these vehicles may even help the environment．Gas-burning cars produce a lot of greenhouse gas，which causes globe warming.
The first company-produced plug-in vehicles could hit the roads by 2010. But engineers still have a lot of work to do to make the technology practical and inexpensive．
Batteries(电池) are the biggest challenge. In the plug-in-vehicle world，Li-ion(锂离子)batteries are getting the most attention．These batteries can store a large amount of energy in a small package，and they last a longer time between charges．Li-ion batteries can fit laptops，cell phones，heart instruments and other similar pocket ones.
But because cars are so big and heavy, it would still require a suitcase-sized Li-ion batteries to power about 12km of driving．What's more，the batteries are much expensive．
“A car filled with batteries could go a long distance，”says Ted Bohn, an electrical engineer in Chicago．“But it couldn't pull any people．and it would cost $100,000．”
So researchers need to work out how to make batteries smaller and cheaper，among other questions.
“The answers don't exist yet，”Bohn says，“As a kid，I thought someone someplace knows the answer to everything．All of these questions haven't been decided．That's what engineering is about-making a guess，running tests and getting fine results．”
1．The passage mainly talks about of a new car
A．the developing B．the speed C．the appearance D．the batteries
2．Which is true according to the passage?
A．The“plug-in vehicles”will use electricity completely as driving power．
B．The new technology will help protect our environment．
C．The technology of using electricity as driving is quite practical now．
D．The biggest challenge of the new technology is that it will cost us more energy．
3．How does Bohn feel about the future of the technology according to the last paragraph?
A．Confident B．Puzzled． C．Worried． D．Disappointed．
4．According to the passage，the new technology is facing the following problems except that ．
A．the new technology cannot come into use at present
B．the cost of the new technology is quite high
C．the government won't support the technology
D． the size of the batteries is too big at present

D
Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the doctors. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown­ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take­away food.
There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.
There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime (消遣), it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as steering them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.
1. According to the text, what kind of children may eat more unhealthy food?
A. Those who often watch television. B. Those who often take exercise.
C. Those who often have meals at home. D. Those who often walk to school.
2. The word “steering” underlined in the last sentence most probably means ________.
A. forcing B. driving C. guiding D. moving
3. The main purpose of the text is to ________.
A. tell a story B. provide facts
C. compare opinions D. give advice
4. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. How many children get overweight.
B. What is healthy eating.
C. Why children get overweight.
D. How to prevent children from getting overweight.

其次节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
【题文】依据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is difference between reading for information and reading for understanding. 1
The first sense is the one in which we read newspapers, magazines, or anything else.
2 Such materials may increase our store of information, but they cannot improve our understanding. And clearly we don't have any difficulty in gaining the new information, for our understanding was equal to them before we started. Otherwise, we would have felt the shock of puzzlement.
The second sense is the one in which we read something that at first we do not completely understand. Here the thing to be read is at the first sight better or higher than the reader. The writer is communicating something that can increase the reader’s understanding. 3 Otherwise one person could never learn from another. Here “learning” means understanding more, not remembering more information.
What are the conditions in this kind of reading? First, there is inequality (不公正) in understanding.
4 Besides, his book must convey something he possesses and his potential readers lack. Second, the reader must be able to overcome this inequality in some degree. And he should always try to reach the same level of understanding with the writer. If the equality is approached, success of communication is achieved.
5 It is the least demanding and requires the least amount of effort. Everyone who knows how to read can read for entertainment if he wants to. In fact, any book that can be read for understanding or information can probably be read for entertainment as well.

A. The writer should have a better communicating skill.
B. Such communication between unequals must be possible.
C. We can get access to the content of those materials easily.
D. The writer must be “higher” than the reader in understanding.
E. Thus, we can employ the word “reading” in two different senses.
F. Reading for entertainment is capable of increasing our understanding for information.
G. Besides gaining information and understanding, there’s another goal of entertainment.

其次部分 英语学问运用（共两节， 满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C, D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When my husband and I got married, he worked as a mechanic (机修工) from midnight to 8 a．m. However, I worked during the _1_. So as he came home from work each morning, I was getting ready to _2_.
We had very little _3_ then, so when Valentine's Day came around that first year, I knew we couldn't _4_ anything for each other. After he left to go to work the night before Valentine's Day, I decided to _5_ and make a Valentine's Day card for him. I _6_ wrote a poem on the front of the card. When he came home the next _7_， I felt foolish as I handed him the card, _8_ that he wouldn't laugh at it. When he had finished _9_ it, he slowly raised his head and looked at me. Then he reached down into his pocket. When he pulled his _10_ out, he was holding _11_.
He told me that he had _12_ it for me during his lunch hour, but he had been _13_ to give it to me because he thought I might think it was _14_， and that I might laugh at it.
It was a small heart made out of aluminum (铝). _15_ I had stayed up all night making him a valentine card, he had been cutting out a _16_ for me. I still have the aluminum heart, and I _17_ it in my desk. Every time I see it, all those _18_ come flooding back to me. Over the years, we've been able to buy each other very nice, _19_ presents for Valentine's Day. But none has ever been as dear or _20_ as much as those handmade gifts made from our hearts the first year that we were married.
【小题1】A. day B. night C. weekend D. holiday
【小题2】A. cook B. leave C. rest D. help
【小题3】A. time B. chance C. money D. energy
【小题4】A. buy B. choose C. find D. borrow
【小题5】A. look out B. call