《成才之路》2021-2022届高一人教版英语必修1练习-unit-4-section-4-.docx

Unit 4　Section Ⅳ
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2022·山西省康杰中学月考)
Perfect Disaster
All around us buildings shook. We decided to leave the town. We stopped once we had left the buildings behind us. The carts were moving in opposite directions, though the ground was perfectly flat, and they wouldn't stay in place even with their wheels blocked by stones.
In addition, it seemed as though the sea was being sucked(吸) backwards, as if it were being pushed back by the shaking of the land. Certainly the shoreline moved outwards, and many sea animals were left on dry sand.
Behind us were frightening dark clouds that opened up to show fire­like lightning, but bigger. Not long after that the clouds reached down to the ground and covered the sea. Now came the dust, though still thin. I looked back. A dense cloud appeared behind us, following us like a flood pouring across the land. Then a darkness came that was not like a moonless or cloudy night, but more like being in a closed and unlighted room. You could hear women and children crying, men shouting. Some were calling for parents, others for children; they could only recognize them by their voices.
Darkness and ashes came again, a great weight of them. We stood up and shook the ash off again and again; otherwise we would have been covered with it and crushed by the weight.At last the cloud became thinner and thinner until it was no more than smoke or fog. Soon there was real daylight. The sight that met our still terrified eyes was a changed world, buried in ash like snow.
―from Pliny's letter to a friend
文章大意：文章是Pliny写给伴侣的信，介绍地震后地动山摇，天昏地暗的情景，和人们慌张失措的样子。
1．Pliny left the town after ________.
A．the eruption
B．the sky became dark
C．the buildings began shaking
D．the sea went back
答案：C　细节理解题。从文章第一段的句子：All around us buildings shook. We decided to leave the town.可知Pliny离开城镇是在房屋开头摇摆以后，选C。
2．The carts wouldn't stay still because ________.
A．the earth was shaking
B．the sea sucked them backwards
C．the wheels had stones under them
D．the lightening frightened the horses
答案：A　推理推断题。文章在说明“The carts were... flat, and they wouldn't stay in place...by stones.”之前已有交代，说明是大地抖动，这正是说明白产生此种结果的缘由。选A。
3．The reason why it was dark is that ________.
A．it was very late at night
B．clouds of ash covered the sun
C．there was a very bad storm
D．there was no moon that night
答案：B　细节理解题。依据第三段的句子：Now came the dust, though still thin. I looked back. A dense cloud appeared behind us, following us like a flood pouring across the land. Then a darkness came that was not like a moonless or cloudy night, but more like being in a closed and unlighted room.可知天黑是由于灰尘掩盖了太阳，选B。
4．People tried to find their relations by calling out their names and __
A．listening to their voices
B．running about looking for them
C．shaking the ash off people
D．watching people as they ran past
答案：A　细节理解题。依据第三段最终一句：Some were calling for parents, others for children; they could only recognize them by their voices.可知人们想通过叫他们的名字和听他们的声音找到他们的亲戚。
B
A terrible storm destroyed fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged that their owners had to leave them，and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to the hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer, Mr Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.
“I was eating with my wife and children，” he said，“when we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him safe but very frightened.”
Mrs Woo said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.
“There was no time to take anything，” she said. “A few minutes later，the roof came down.”
Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department brought them food, clothes and shelter.
文章大意：一场暴风雨摧毁了14个家庭，另外7个家庭也由于房屋等毁坏严峻而不得不离开他们的家，还有15家，他们的窗户、房顶等都破了。在这次灾难中，一个人死亡，几个人受重伤，还有很多人受了轻伤。灾难发生后，战士们挂念他们平安转移，福利部门也给他们带来了食物、衣服、帐篷等急需品。
5．How many homes altogether(总共) were damaged in the storm?
A． Fourteen.　　　　　　　　 B．Twenty­one.
C． Twenty­nine. D． Thirty­six.
答案：D　细节理解题。依据第一段毁灭的三个数字four­teen, seven，fifteen可知D项为正确答案。
6．Where was Mr Tan when the storm first began?
A． He was in bed.
B． He was inside the house.
C． He was outside the house.
D． He was on the roof.
答案：B　细节理解题。依据第三段的I was eating with my wife and children...可排解A、D两项，由下文可知C项也不正确。
7．Mrs Woo and her children didn't get hurt because ________.
A． her husband knew there would be a storm
B． they were all outside the house when the storm came
C． she felt the house was moving and ran outside at once with her children
D． the welfare department helped her
答案：C　细节理解题。依据第四段内容可知答案为C项。
8．The underlined word “shelter” in this passage means ________.
A． something to eat B． something to wear
C． somewhere to study D． somewhere to stay
答案：D　词义猜想题。考虑全文意思及最终一段可知，暴风雨过后，房屋倒塌，人员伤亡。人们不仅需要食品、衣物，还需要住的地方。
9．Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A． A Terrible Storm B． A Lucky Woman
C． Good Soldiers D． Clever People
答案：A　主旨归纳题。由文章内容可知选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2022·景德镇市高一期中)
Frank was walking down the 6th Street on a hot sunny day when he saw smoke coming out of the street. He could __1__ the smoke, and it was getting thicker. Seeing the smoke coming out of a storm drain(雨水沟), Frank called the fire department immediately. “The storm drain is __2__ fire！” he said. The fire department asked for his whereabouts and he said he was near the 6th and Main. They said they __3__ be right there to investigate the situation. Frank needn't to go anywhere, so he waited for the __4__ to arrive. He was curious what could be burning beneath the street. As far as he knew, there wasn't anything beneath the street __5__ concrete(混凝土). And everyone __6__ that concrete doesn't burn.
A fire truck arrived a few __7__ later. “Are you the man who __8__？” asked the driver. “Yes. ” Frank answered. By now Frank could not only smell the __9__ but also hear crackling sounds, just like wood burning. The firemen didn't seem to consider it an emergency. “__10__ do you think it could be？” Frank asked the driver. “Oh, we know what it is. We have to __11__ a problem like this every few months. It's the homeless people in their ‘__12__’．”
Homeless people have been living under the streets for years.__13__ their knowledge of the storm drain system, they __14__ their own “houses” beneath the streets. These living areas have tables, mattresses, chairs, and sofas. The settlers often “borrow” electricity by connecting to a live wire above ground to __15__ their own lights and even TVs underground. Either this __16__ electricity or a cigarette can cause an occasional fire.
Frank watched __17__ some firemen lifted a manhole cover (井盖) and went beneath the street with a fire hose (消防软管). Then a few minutes later, the __18__ smoke turned white. Shortly __19__， the firemen reappeared with a __20__ person who seemed to have just been woken up.
文章大意：文章叙述Frank发觉街上的雨水沟里面有烟雾，就报火警，消防队员认为这确定是无家可归的人在里面，由于借用电或是抽烟引起的，果真在消防队员进入雨水沟不久，就带了一个无家可归的人上来。
1．A．touch　　　　　　　　 B．hear
C．smell D．taste
答案：C　考查动词。touch触摸，hear听见，smell闻到，taste品尝，由于是烟雾，应当是闻到了，选C。
2．A．in B．at
C．to D．on
答案：D　考查介词。in在……里面，at在……地方，to到……，on在……上面，on fire着火了，选D。
3.

A．would B．had
C．may D．will
答案：A　考查情态动词。would会，had和to连用表示“不得不”，may可以，will将会，他们说他们会去那里调查这件事，选A。
4．A．policeman B．firemen
C．postmen D．powermen
答案：B　考查名词。policeman警察，firemen消防队员，postmen邮递员，powermen发电机专业人员，从前面的句子：The fire department asked for his whereabouts and he said he was near the 6th and Main.可知Frank等着消防队员来，选B。
5．A．excuse B．express
C．exact D．except
答案：D　考查词义辨析。excuse借口，express表达，exact精确     的，except除了，地下除了混凝土什么都没有，选D。
6．A．know B．knows
C．knew D．knowing
答案：B　考查时态。每个人都知道混凝土是不会着火的，这是客观事实，用一般现在时，选B。
7．A．seconds B．hours
C．minutes D．quarters
答案：C　考查名词。seconds几秒，hours几小时，minutes几分钟，quarters几刻钟，几分钟后，消防车到了，选C。
8．A．called B．smelt
C．investigated D．saw
答案：A　考查动词。called打电话，smelt闻，investigated调查，saw观看，从前面的句子：Frank called the fire department immediately.可知是问你是打电话的人吗？选A。
9．A．fire B．smoke
C．storm drain D．burn
答案：B　考查名词。fire火，smoke烟雾，storm drain雨水沟，burn燃烧，从前面的句子He could __1__ the smoke. 可知他不仅可以闻到烟雾而且能听见噼噼啪啪的声音，选B。
10．A．What B．Why
C．Which D．When
答案：A　考查疑问词。What什么，Why为什么，Which哪个，When什么时候，Frank问消防队员：你认为会是什么？选A。
11．A．suffer B．solve
C．survive D．survey
答案：B　考查动词。suffer患病，solve解决，survive幸存，survey调查，我们每隔几个月都要解决这样的问题，选B。
12．A．flats B．apartments
C．houses D．sections
答案：C　考查名词。flats公寓，apartments公寓，houses房屋，sections部门，从后面的句子：the __14__ their own “houses” beneath the streets.可知这是无家可归的人在他们的房子里面，选C。
13．A．Learning B．Taking
C．Using D．Giving
答案：C　考查动词。learning学习，taking拿，using使用，giving给，无家可归的人在街道下面生活了很多年了，利用他们对雨水沟系统的了解，他们把家建在地下，选C。
14．A．set down B．set out
C．set about D．set up
答案：D　考查动词短语。set down登记，set out动身，set about开头，set up建立，由上题可知他们把家建在地下，选D。
15．A．power B．strengthen
C．force D．energy
答案：A　考查动词。power加强，用发动机发动，使……有力气，strengthen加强，force强迫，energy能源，他们连接地面上的电线给自己的电灯充电，选A。
16．A．bought B．brought
C．booked D．borrowed
答案D　考查动词。bought买，brought带来，booked预定，borrowed借出，从前面的The settlers often “borrow” electricity可知这种借的电或是香烟都会导致火灾，选D。
17．A．for B．as
C．with D．since
答案：B　考查连词。for为了，as当……时候，with介词(和……一起)，since自从，当消防队员打开井盖的时候，Frank在一旁观看，选B。
18．A．black B．red
C．blue D．brown
答案：A　考查形容词。black黑的，red红的，blue蓝的，brown棕色的，几分钟后，黑色的烟雾变成了白色，选A。
19．A．westward B．backward
C．afterward D．forward
答案：C　考查副词。westward向西，backward向后，afterward之后，forward向前，之后不久，消防队员就又毁灭了，选C。
20．A．careless B．selfless
C．helpless D．homeless
答案：D　考查形容词。careless马虎的，selfless无私的，helpless无助的，homeless无家可归的，从前面的句子：Homeless people have been living under the streets for years.可知带着一个无家可归的人，选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a working mom with three young sons, keeping the house clean is a big challenge. Even __1__ we clean the house every week, one hour later our bedrooms and bathrooms are back to their messy(混乱的) look. When __2_ (ask), my boys will help neaten their room, clear their plates from the table and pick up their school junk. But I need to remind them __3__ it again and again.
If I don't remind them, I will step over all the things __4__ make my house look like a garbage can. This is quite __5__ change from my pre­kid years when I never left any waste in the house.__6__ seems that I cannot get these days back again at my own house.
When last week I __7__(find) a program called “Share a Healthy Habit” on a newspaper, I saw a great chance to engage my sons in cleaning chores. Why not encourage these behaviors during the summer, while school is out and their life is __8__(relax)?
The goal for my boys is to clean their own dorm room __9__themselves when they are free. The rewards for clean habits start young and continue as they get __10__ (old), so I need to start my plan as soon as possible.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1. though/if　2. asked 3. of　 4. that 5. a　6. It 7. found 8. relaxing 9. by 　10. older