现代大学英语精读lesson9市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

优异精品课件文档资料第1页Lesson 9Against all odds第2页Introduction to the Text第3页This text is adapted from the biography of Stephen HawkingStephen Hawking:A life in Science,2nd edition,written by Michael White and John Gribbin,published in 1998.第4页Stephen Hawking -“the scientist in the wheelchair”Stephen William Hawking was born on 8 January 1942(300 years after the death of Galileo)in Oxford,England.第5页Professor Stephen W Hawking,Even as he sits helpless in his wheelchair,his mind seems to soar ever more brilliantly across the vastness of space and time to unlock the secrets of the universe.-Time Brilliant book!-Nick Donaldson,Bit Wrangler Extraordinaire!.第6页 At eleven Stephen went to St Albans School,and then on to University College,Oxford,his fathers old college.Stephen wanted to do Mathematics,although his father would have preferred medicine.Mathematics was not available at University College,so he did Physics instead.After three years and not very much work he was awarded a first class honors degree in Natural Science.第7页HawkingStephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology,there being no-one working in that area in Oxford at the time.After gaining his Ph.D.he became first a Research Fellow,and later on a Professorial Fellow at Gonville and Caius College.第8页第9页Stephen Hawking has worked on the basic laws which govern the universe.He showed that Einsteins General Theory of Relativity implied space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and an end in black holes.These results indicated it was necessary to unify General Relativity with Quantum Theory.One consequence of such a unification that he discovered was that black holes should not be completely black,but should emit radiation and eventually evaporate and disappear.Another conjecture is that the universe has no edge or boundary in imaginary time.This would imply that the way the universe began was completely determined by the laws of science.第10页His main publications*A Brief History of Time*Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays The Large Scale Structure of SpacetimeGeneral Relativity:An Einstein Centenary Survey300 Years of Gravity第11页第12页Hawking Professor Hawking has twelve honorary degrees.He is the recipient of many awards,medals and prizes and is a Fellow of The Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Sciences.第13页“As I read his ideas about space,time,black holes,and the Universe in which we live,I was amazed at how easily he explained the exciting but often complicated subjects explored in the book.I loved how he brought such inspiring theories to the public with a unique wit and insight,making previously baffling concepts fun.”第14页“He is a man so brilliantly gifted that,despite being unable to use pen and paper,he is able to solve problems by constructing the necessary diagrams and manipulating the complex equations in his head.He has proved himself to be an important force in the development of the science of Cosmology,and is believed by many to be the greatest genius alive today.”第15页Theme of the textThe text sings highly of Hawkings invincible spirit in struggling against the fatal disease of ALS.第16页Structure of the textPart 1(paras.1 3)about:Hawking was diagnosed with ALS.It was very hard for him to accept the fact that he was wasting away.Part 2(paras.4 10 )about:The turning point in Hawkings life,esp.with the appearance of his wife.Hawking began to make miraculous achievements with the support of his wife.第17页Language study 1.odds:difficultieseg:China has to overcome enormous odds in order to modernize itselfWe have to fight heavy odds to realize our plan.第18页against all(the)odds:in spite of great difficulties or problems;although it seems impossiblee.g.,this little-known man succeeded in becoming President.(very unexpectedly)Its a romantic story of love surviving.He struggled to keep his business going during the recession.Odds:the probability that something will or will not happen e.g.The odds are that my father will give his consent.第19页2.End up:to be in the end(in the stated place,condition,etc.)To end up(as)e.g.He ended up as the CEO of the company.To end up in e.g.Wasteful people usually end up in debt.To end up doing sth.e.g.Somewhat to his surprise,his son ended up designing the whole car and putting it into production.第20页3.to affect:to do sth.that produces an effect or change in sb.or sth.eg.This disease will not affect your brain.The war has deeply affected peoples daily life.*Compare:influence;effect第21页4.to remain(link v.)+un(past participle of v.):E.g:The food remained untouched.The article remained unpublished.The letter remains unanswered.The door remained unlocked.第22页5.cut VPcut off:separate by cutting;disconnect;block off or surround so that further movement out or in is impossible;stop the availability of(electricity,gas,water,or telephone communication)e.g.The poor girl had a finger by the machine.The soldiers were from the main part of the army.The country once cut itself off from the rest of the world.We were told that the electricity and water will be cut off tomorrow.The old man cut himself off from other people after his wife died.第23页6.There is no point in doing sth.:to be no reason for doing sth.eg:Whats the point in going there?Its already midnight.6.It is/was not long before:Sooneg.It wont be long before the shortage of water will become the biggest problem.It wasnt long before everybody saw through him.第24页7.live VPlive out:live till the end of;live in a place away from the place of worke.g.Could the old man the month?live for:give most attention to;wish for(sth.in the future)very much第25页8.to be well off:to have more money or in a better situation than many other peopleeg.It is believed that 15%of the total population are quite well off.第26页9.to feel like doing sth.:to want to do sth.eg Right now I just dont feel like working.I dont feel like eating yet.第27页10.Might/may as wellThis construction can express very unemphatic advice;it may be used in an informal style to suggest that one should do sth.because there is nothing better,more interesting,more useful etc.to do;不妨there is no real difference between may and might:e.g.You ask him=It would do no harm to ask him.All the pubs are closingwe go home.Shall we go and see Fred?OK,.第28页Might/may as well is also used to compare one unpleasant situation with another:倒不如；还是很好e.g.This holiday isnt much funwe be back home.You never listenI talk to a brick wall.Since you cant win the race,you may(just)as well quit.Since you have no better offer,you might as well take the job.第29页11.break VPbreak out of:escape frome.g.jail;the vicious circlebreak out:begin suddenlye.g.laughingFierce fighting broke out between rival groups.break into:enter by force;interrupt,begin suddenlye.g.We had to the house as we had lost the key.The sound of the phone broke into his thoughts.When Rudolph saw the cop,he a run.breakneck speedP225第30页12.to cover:to travel a particular distanceeg We covered 1500 miles in just one month,on foot.They inched their way toward the summit.And it took them about two hours just to cover a few feet.第31页13.as well as:in addition to sth.elseeg He is a Spanish major.But he studies English as well as Spanish.Sometimes we have classes in the afternoons as well as in the mornings.第32页14.sufferto suffer for a certain causeto suffer from a certain diseaseto suffer a defeat/a damage/a loss/an injury/humiliation,etc.第33页15.Come to terms withcome to terms with sth.:start or learn to accept or deal with a difficult situatione.g.Shes never really her sons death.Its very hard coming to terms with the fact that he will never have children.第34页16.to carry on:to continue doing sth.eg Dont let me disturb you.Carry on,please!It was late,but nobody rose to leave.We just carried in working.第35页17.Touch and gobe:be very uncertain whether sth.will happen or not;be riskye.g.It was a very dangerous operation.It was touch-and-go several times.It was whether the work would be finished in time.第36页18.Just around the corner:just around/round the corner:very near,soon to happene.g.We have been trying to develop the new drug for years,and now that success is,the work must not be stopped.With the end of the year,major celebrations are being planned.Final victory is just around the corner.第37页