初一英语语法时态专题复习复习课程.doc

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初一英语语法，时态专题复习
一、 一般现在时：（1、现在的状态。2、经常或习惯性动作。3、主语所具备的性格和能力。4、真理。
1、标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期天）
every day/month/year（每一天/月/年）
2、结构：
（1）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n.）
练习：1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom.
2. Where _____(be) my shoes? They___(be) here.
3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___(be) Kate.
4. You and I ___(not be) in Class Six.
5.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____(be).
6. ____ her parent tall? No, he____.
（2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他 （用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）
（3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）
行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式1.- s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches teach-teaches4特殊have-has do-does go-goes
.1)His parents _______(watch) TV every night. 肯定句 1) My brother _________(do) homework every day.
2)His parents _________(not watch) every night.否定句2)My brother________(not do)homework every day.
3)_____his parents_____(watch) TV every night?一般疑3)______ your brother _____ homework every day?
Yes, they _______. No, they _______. Yes, he____ No, he _________.
4)When___ his parents _____(watch) TV? 特疑 4)When _____ your brother ____(do) homework?
They watch TV every night. He does homework every day.
二． 现在进行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。
1、 标志: now（现在）listen（看）look（听）at the moment（此刻）
2、 结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(doing)
现在分词的构成：1.-ing: eat-eating,sing-singing 2.辅音字母+e: take-taking
3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,get（双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing.）4、特殊变化：lie-lying,die-dying
练习：1. Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now. 2. Jim_________(not take) in the park now. 3. ___Jim____________(take) photos in the park now? Yes, he _____. No, he _______.
4. Where _________Jim ____________ photos now? In the park.
1.我们正在吃晚餐。 2、我们每天6点起床。
We __________________________. We __________________ at six every day.
3．你们在聊天吗？是的。 4、他们常常聊天吗？不是。
_______ they _______? Yes, they _____. ______ they often ______ ? No, they ________.
5、他在做什么？他在做作业。 6、他晚上常干什么？他常做作业。
What ____he ___? He_______. What ___he usually ___ in the evening? He usually______.
答案： 1.are having dinner 2. get up 3. Are , talking , are 4. Do , talk, don’t
5. is doing, is doing homework 6. does, do, does , homework
综合练习：1.Mr Green _____(be) a worker. Now he ____(work) in the field. 2.Listen! Who_______(sing)?
3.What time ____ your brother usually _____(do) his homework? 4.You can_______(come) here by bus.
5. Who ____(have) a ruler? 6.Are they_____(clean) the room? 7.-____ you____(eat) dinner? – Yes, we are.
8.Jack ____(have) a soccer ball, but he ____(not have) a basketball. 9._______Jim _______(like)______(run)?
10.They _____(be) from Canada. They______(not speak) Chinese. 11 He wants _________________(be) tall.
三．一般过去时态：英语中表示过去某时发生的动作或情况的时态是一般过去时。
1、标志: yesterday（昨天）、 two days ago…（两天前…… ）、 last year…（去年…）、 the other day（前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（刚才）、in the old days（过去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前…）、 When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时…）、at+一个时间点
2.、表现形式：动词过去式（规则变化和不规则变化两种）
3、规则变化：（1）一般情况+ed ，如pulled visited(2)以不发音e字母结尾的单词+d,如liked, danced(3)以辅音字母＋y结尾去y变i＋ed,worried,studied(4)重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed,stopped,shopped
4.不规则变化参考不规则动词表
5、练习：
He a student.他曾是一名学生。否定句 He a student.一般疑问句 he a student?
肯定回答 ， .否定回答 ， .
They had a meeting last night.　他们昨晚开了一个会。
否定句They a meeting last night. 一般疑问句 they a meeting last night?
肯定回答 ， .否定回答 ， .
提问： they last night?
四．冠词：英语中冠词分为定冠词（the）、不定冠词（a/an）和零冠词（不用冠词）
1.a用于辅音音素（不是辅音字母）前；an用于元音音素（不是元音字母）前。如，An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a usual tool. This is a usual thing.
2.定冠词the的用法：
定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那(这)个”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。（上文提到过的人或事；指世界上独一无二的事物；用在序数词和形容词最高级，形容词等前面；乐器的名词前；用在惯用语中；姓氏的复数名词之前表示一家人专有名词前等等）例如the sun，the rich 富人，on the second floor，the United States 美国play the piano，the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)in the day,在白天
3.通常我们在三类名词前不带冠词：复数可数名词、不可数名词和专有名词。但是，用来指特定的事物时，the可以出现在复数名词和不可数名词前面。Girls like shopping when they are free. 女孩总是喜欢在空闲的时候购物
Rice is very important to our country. China is a big country.
1. He has already worked for ______ hour. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填
2. Alice is fond of playing ______ piano. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填
五．数词：基数词和序数词
（一）. 基数词.
1.基数词的读法.
1)1---12 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
2)13---19: 词尾加-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 : 逢十词尾加-ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
4)21----99: 在十位与个位之间加连字符构成.
5)101---999 :先说几百, 再加and ,再加末尾两位数或个位数.
101---one hundred and one 238----two hundred and thirty-eight
（二）. 序数词
基数词变序数词，基数词变序数词口诀
一二三，特殊记，结尾字母t,d,d; (first second third )八减t（eighth）,九减e(ninth),f来把v e替(twelfth)；ty变y为i e,然后再加th(twentieth);如果遇到遇到几十几，只变个位就可以(twenty-one---- twenty first)。
（三）. 数词的应用.
1.序数词前一般加定冠词the
2. hundred / thousand /million /billion
1).若hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基数词时,其后不加s,也不加of .若没有时 ,既加s 也要带of .
Every year _______ visitors come to China.
There are two _______ students in our school.
A. thousand B.thousands C.thousands of D.thousand of
2).日 月 年 (the +序数词+of +月, 年)
2007年3月21日---the twenty-first of March ,two thousand and seven.
六．名词的复数，不可数名词，名词所有格
▉可数名词的复数规则变化
一、直接加S (清辅音后发[s]的音，浊辅音，元音后面发[z]的音，在字母t后面发[ts]的音)
二、以s .x .ch .sh.结尾的单词加es ，class---- classes,box---boxes,dish----dishes,watch----watches（通常发成[iz]）
三、以fe或f结尾的通常变fe或f为v再加es leaf----leaves, knife---knives
四、辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加es baby---babies
五. 元音字母加y结尾的直接加s monkey----monkeys toy----toys
六. 以o为结尾变复数有的加s, piano---pianos,photo---photos,有的加es ,黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)爱吃西红柿(tomato)土豆(potato)有时也吃一点(mango)但最喜欢的还是zero(零)
▉可数名词的复数不规则变化：child → children，man → men woman → women，foot → feet tooth → teeth,mouse→mice；sheep, Chinese, Japanese，people单、复数同形
▉不可数名词：物质名词或抽象名词，及动名词，一般都是不可数名词，不可数名词只有单数形式。如，news 新闻 advice 建议water 水 ice 冰 tea 茶 meat 肉 milk 牛奶 age 年龄 time 时间 help 帮助 luck 运气 work 工作swimming游泳
▉名词所有格：名词所有格的用法 所有格 ’s 或 s’形式主要用于人或一些动物的名称，表示"所有"或修饰的关系。如John’s father 约翰的父亲， spiders’web 蜘蛛网；事物的的所有格常用of表示，如a map of china,a photo of my family
七．介词:
一、早、下午、晚要用in 例in the morning/ afternoon/ evening /day 在早上/下午/白天
二、at黎明、午、夜、点与分 ，例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜间 at midnight 在午夜 at six o’clock 在6点钟
三、年、月、年月、季节、周 ，即在"某年"，"某月"，在"某年某月" (具体日则用on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用in。
in 1986 在1986年 in April 在四月 in December 1986 1986年12月in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 on May 1st
练习：1.We begin classes _______ about 8：00．2. We all like working ______ China. 3.What do you like doing________the evening？4.Our school has an Art Festival ________ December 31st every year . 5.What can you see ________the picture?. 6.The speech contest is _____ January.
八．人称代词： 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他/她/它们
主格： I you he she it we you they
宾格： me you him her it us you them
形容词性物主代词： 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的
my your his her its our your their
名词性物主代词： mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
练习：1.________(我) am a worker. _________(你) are a doctor. ______(她) is a teacher.
2This is (他的 )shirt.
3. This is __________(我的)pen.
4._________(他们的) trousers are there.
5. I like this picture. Please give ________(它) to ________(我).
6. People get ________(他们的) money from _________(我).
7._____(他们) are new students. _____(他们的) names are Lucy and Lily.
8. These are _____(我们的) shoes. Can ____(我们) wear ______(它们).
9．Thank _______ for _______(你的) help.
10. _______(他) loves _______（她）, and _______(她) loves _______（他）,too.
_______(我) love _________（你）, and ________(你) love _______（我），too.

九．情态动词：1、任何主语+can/may/must等+动词原形 2、主语+ can’t/may not/ mustn’t等+动词原形
3、 Can/May/Must等 + 主语+ 动词原形？ 4、疑问词+can/may/must等+主语+动词原形？
练习： you swim?Yes,but I’m not a good swimmer. A.Can B.May C.Need D.Must
Tom,you play computer games too much. It’s bad for your eyes.A.mustn’tB.didn’tC.needn’t D.wouldn’t
十．非谓语动词（是固定搭配）
1. like+ to do不定式/doing动名词 2.want to do sth. 3. love to do 4. would like to do sth.
5. enjoy doing sth. 6. thanks for doing 7. stop doing sth 8. let sb. do sth.
She wants _____(have) a party. Does he like _______(swim)?
Thanks for _enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops ____(talk).
十一．祈使句：无人称、动词开头，带命令色彩的句子。
Go straight and turn left/ right. 否定→ Don’t go straight and turn left/ right.
Go through Fifth Avenue. 否定→ Don’t go through Fifth Avenue.
Take a taxi（Take a bus，Take a walk……）否定→Don’t Take a taxi（Take a bus，Take a walk……）
No parking. 禁止停车。例_____ in the street. It’s dangerous.A. Not play  B. Not to playC. Don’t play  D. Don’t to play
十二．感叹句
感叹句的结构：
what + a / an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓 What a clever boy he is! 他是多么聪明的孩子啊
What an interesting book you have!你的书多么有趣啊！
what + 形容词 + 名词复数： What clever boys you are! 你们是多么聪明的孩子啊！
what + 形容词 + 不可数名词： What difficult work it is! 那是多么困难的工作啊！
④ How + 形容词/副词+主语+谓语！How nice she is! How fast he runs!
练习：1. It is quite a nice present.→_____ _____ nice present(it is)! →_____ nice the present is!
2. We have fine weather today.→ _____ _____ weather we have today!
3. The children are working hard.→_____ _____ the children are working!
4. She played basketball wonderfully.→_____ _____ she played basketball!
十三.There be(be单复数由be后名词决定)句型表示某地有，have/has,主要表示某人有
句型转换
1)There is a bank on the street. 2) There are some cars in front of the park.
否定句：There _______a bank on the street. 否定句：There ______ _______cars in front of the bank.
一般疑问句：_______ ______ a bank on the street? 一般疑问句：____ ______ ______cars in front of the bank?
就划线部分提问：________ on the street? 就划线部分提问：_____ _____ in front of the bank?
There’s a bank on the street. There are some cars in front of the bank.
同上：____ ______ ______are there on the street? 同上：____ ____ ____ are there in front of the bank
There’s only one. There’re some.
3）He two sons. 他有两个儿子。There two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。
4）There _____ a basketball match tomorrow. A.is going to have B.are going to have
C.is going to be D.are going to be
用have /has填空：
1.A dog our legs. A bird two legs.2.Our school a library.
3.We 37 chairs in our classroom.4.My sister a nice toy car.
5. that girl a doll? No, he 6. Tom and his brother a big bedroom? Yes, they

十四．将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句，并就划线部分提问。
1. We are eating lunch. We eat lunch at noon.

2．He is swimming at a pool. He swims at the pool every day.

3.Jim and Tony are playing basketball at school. Jim and Tony play basketball on Sundays.

4.Sandra is running. Sandra likes running

5. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：______________________________________________
一般疑问句：___________ 肯定回答：___________否定回答：__________
6. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：___________ 肯定回答：___________否定回答：__________
初一代词练习
一、用适当的人称代词填空：
1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________.
2. China is a developing country. _________ lies in the east of Asia.
3. Professor Wang sets ________ a good example. We must learn from ________.
4. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday.
5. How far is the thunder ? — __________ is three kilometers away.
6. I own a blue bike. The red one doesn’t belong to __________.
7. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.
8. __________ say that those old houses will be rebuilt.
9. Is __________ the milkman at the door? — Yes, that’s __________.
10. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________?
11. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. Her brother lives with ____ and helps ____ to prepare the lessons.
12. The ship is lying at anchor (停泊) . ____ comes from Shanghai
13. This photo of your mother is very much like her. I like ____.
14. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at physics .
15 Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ?
16. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy.
二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空
1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday. Can I have one of ____ ?
2. Tell Tom not to forget ____ book. And you mustn’t forget ____ .
3. George has lost ____ pen Ask Mary if（是否）she will lend him ____ .
4.. Jack has a dog and so have I. ____ dog and ____ had a fight (打架).
5. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____
6. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us.
7. Mary wants to know if（是否） you’ve seen a pair of gloves of _ .
8. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____
三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空
　　A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空
　 1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _________(they，them，their，theirs) away.
　 2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _________(she，