2020-2021学年高中英语北师大版必修4-双基限时练19.docx

双基限时练(十九)　Unit 12　Lesson 3
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's the ________ (习俗) of giving presents at Christmas in the western countries.
答案　custom　
2．The company ________ (进行) a survey to find out local reaction to the new theater.
答案　conducted　
3．The government spokesman is very ________ (谨慎的) about expressing his opinion in public.
答案　cautious　
4．He ________ (盯着) at the boy, trying to remember whose son he was.
答案　stared　
5．There are differences between ________ (口头的) and written English.
答案　spoken
6．Many editors prefer stories about people, places and events that their readers are ________ (生疏的) with.
答案　familiar　
7．When I was ill, I completely lost my ________ (胃口) and wanted to eat nothing.
答案　appetite　
8．There are two people ________ (受伤) in the car accident.
答案　injured　
9．We waited for the ________ (到来) of our guests.
答案　arrival　
10．He ________ (低语) to me that Michael Jackson was murdered.
答案　whispered
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)
1．Our country is similar ________ yours in that they both have several time zones.
答案与解析　to　句意：我们的国家和你们的国家相像，由于二者都跨好几个时区。
2．He is a ________ (caution) investor (投资商) who studies the market before buying.
答案与解析　cautious　句意：他是一个谨慎的投资者，买之前要争辩市场。cautious指当心的；谨慎的”，含有“提防”之意。
3．John is leaving for London tomorrow and I will see him ________ at the airport.
答案与解析　off　前一分句说约翰要去伦敦，后一分句谈到了机场，那自然与“送行”有关。see sb. off“为某人送行”。
4．One of the twins has ________ great appetite ________ science, while the other appreciates sports very much.
答案与解析　a; for　句意：那对双胞胎中的一个很宠爱科学，而另一个格外宠爱体育。have an appetite for“有……的爱好；有……的渴望”，为固定搭配，符合句意。
Ⅲ.短语填空

1．________________ the laws of China, he should be sentenced to death.
答案　According to　
2．China ________________ the four ancient inventions.
答案　is famous for　
3．He __________ his leg __________ while riding on a horse, and he is in hospital now.
答案　got; injured　
4．They ________________ trying to persuade the old man to move home.
答案　had a hard time　
5．She will ________________ washing her hair just when I want to have a bath.
答案　insist on　
6．If someone ________________ a building, they get into it by force.
答案　breaks into　
7．Remember to bring your daughter with you
________________ you come to see me.
答案　the next time　
8．Professor Wang __________ some facts __________ his theory.
答案　added; to
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
In all the world's cultures, people sing, play instruments, and celebrate with music. It plays such an important role in our lives that all fields focus on its study, including one looking at the biology of music. Experts are finding that because of the way our brains process music, learning to play an instrument or just listening to music can have a wide range of benefits.
Music education has received a lot of attention. Learning to play an instrument can help children improve math, science, and language skills. One study in Canada tracked children's IQ scores for nine months, discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements. The secret may lie in the way reading music and playing notes uses several areas of the brain, increasing our ability to learn school subjects. For example, reading notes improves spatial (空间的) reasoning skills, which are helpful in solving math problems like fractions (分数)．
Music is also used for medical purposes, such as the treatment of diseases which affect memory. The secret lies in the way the brain processes music. One area near the forehead, the medial prefrontal cortex, connects music with memories stored in two other areas: the amygdale and hippocampus. That's why an old song can remind you of something that happened years ago. For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimer's, listening to music can help unlock buried memories by strengthening musical pathways to memories.
With the evidence of music's benefits pouring in, it's no wonder some countries make music study a part of their education systems. People are recognizing that more than just a form of entertainment, music is also great for the brain.
1．Scientists are studying music because ________.
A. music can be used for medical treatments
B. music plays a very important role in our lives
C. our brains can possess music in different ways
D. music education has received a lot of attention
答案与解析　B　从第一段中“It plays such an important role in our lives that all fields focus on its study, including one looking at the biology of music.”可知，科学家在争辩音乐，由于它在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，选择B项。
2．According to the Canadian study, which children had increased IQ scores?
A. Those who already had high IQs.
B. Those who had always played music.
C. Those who could not play any instrument.
D. Those who studied music for a period of time.
答案与解析　D　从其次段中“One study in Canada tracked children's IQ scores for nine months, discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements.”可知，学习一段时间音乐的孩子智商更高，选择D项。
3．Which of the following is a kind of disease?
A. Spatial reasoning.
B. Alzheimer's.
C. The amygdale and hippocampus.
D. The medial prefrontal cortex.
答案与解析　B　从第三段中“For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimer's, listening to music can help unlock buried memories by strengthening musical pathways to memories.”可知，Alzheimer是一种病。选择B项。
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A. Music and health B. Music and the mind
C. Music and education D. Music and instruments
答案与解析　B　纵观全文和最终一句话“People are recognizing that more than just a form of entertainment, music is also great for the brain.”可知，这篇文章讲的是音乐和大脑的关系，选择B项。
B
The smallest animal with a backbone (脊椎) known to science, a fish from the carp family, has been discovered in the peat swamps (沼泽)of Indonesia. Mature (成熟的)females of the fish species (种类)Paedocypris reach just 7.9mm in length.
The species was discovered in the highly acidic (酸性的) peat swamps of the Indonesian island of Sumatra by a team led by Ralf Britz, a zoologist at the Natural History Museum in London.
“This is one of the strangest fish that I've seen in my whole career，” Dr Britz said. “It's tiny, and it lives in acid. I hope that we'll have time to find out more about them before their habitat disappears completely.”
The species lives in dark tea­colored swamp waters, which are 100 times more acidic than rainwater. Although these swamps were once thought to be inhabited by very few animals, recent research has shown that they are home to a highly different range of species that occur nowhere else.
The peat swamps were damaged by forest fires in 1997, and are also threatened by agriculture. The scientists behind the discovery said that several populations of Paedocypris had already been lost.
“Many of the peat swamps we surveyed(调查)throughout South­East Asia no longer exist，” Dr Britz said. “Populations of all the miniature(微型的)fish of peat swamps have decreased or disappeared.”
Details of the discovery are published today in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B.
5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Strangest Fish
B．Acidic Peat Swamps
C．Strange Species
D．The Smallest Backbone Animal
答案与解析　D　依据文章的第一段中的“The smallest animal with a backbone(脊椎)known to science, a fish from the carp family, has been discovered in the peat swamps(沼泽) of Indonesia.”可知，这是文章的中心句。由中心句可知文章主要讲的是：最小的脊椎动物。故选择D项。
6．Where does the smallest backbone animal live?
A．It lives in highly acidic rainwater.
B．The species lives in the acidic waters of dark tea­coloured swamps.
C．It was put in the Natural History Museum in London.
D．Its habitat disappears completely.
答案与解析　B　依据文章第四段中的“The species lives in dark tea­colored swamp waters, which are 100 times more acidic than rainwater.”可知，这种物种生活在深茶色的沼泽中，其中的水是雨水的酸度的100倍。故选择B项。
7．According to the passage, the forest fires in 1997 have led to the fact that ________.
A．many places where these animals lived have been damaged
B．the population of the species has increased
C．there are many animals in the acidic peat swamps today
D. agriculture doesn't affect the living space of these animals
答案与解析　A　依据文章倒数第三段中的“The peat swamps were damaged by forest fires in 1997, and are also threatened by agriculture.”可知A项正确。其他三项与文章内容不符。
8．Dr Britz's words imply ________.
A．the habitat will be more after a period of time
B．many peat swamps that they surveyed have already survived
C．he wants to find more miniature fishes before their habitat disappears
D．he wants to have further research
答案与解析　D　依据文章第三段中的“I hope that we'll have time to find out more about them before their habitat disappears completely.”可知，Dr Britz想进一步了解它们，在他们完全灭亡之前。故选择D项。