2021重庆市高考英语(三月)阅读类课外训练【11】及答案.docx

2021重庆市高考英语（三月）阅读类课外训练【11】及答案

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Leadership is the most significant word in today’s competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and style. Experts on leadership will quickly point out that “how things get done” influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker, coined the phrase“Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things”, he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms.
When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of highly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership example, which centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic(道德准则) and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested success was founded on modesty, loyalty, courage, patience and so on. The personality ethic suggested it was one’s attitude, not behavior, that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to “put first things first,” which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy.
1. What does Peter Drucker’s phrase infer?
A. Leaders should be good at making right decisions.
B. Leaders should be good at doing things right.
C. Leaders should be good at ignoring the distinctions he associates with the terms.
D. Leaders should be skilled in predicting future.
2. Under what condition are people likely to succeed, in terms of what the personality ethic suggests ?
A. When people have little determination , they will be successful.
B. When people have good behaviour, they will gain success.
C. If people have positive mental attitude , they are likely to succeed.
D. If people have negative mental attitude , they are certain to succeed.
3. How can leaders enjoy outstanding success in their work environments, according to Stephen Covey?
A. Firstly they have to think highly of themselves.
B. They are supposed to benefit themselves.
C. They can not adjust themselves.
D. First personally they must manage themselves .
4. What is the meaning of the underlined word “vision”?
A. Bright future. B. Good beginning. C. Good scenery. D. Pretty background.
5. To be good leaders , what must managers pay close attention to ?
A. They must pay close attention to universal principles of effectiveness.
B. They must pay close attention to their own values, abilities and strengths.
C. They must pay close attention to modesty.
D. They must be concerned about courage and patience.
【参考答案】1—5、ACDAB　　

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Kingda Ka, the tallest roller coaster （过山车） on Earth, drops its passengers a life-flashing 418 feet. Ferrari World's Formula Rossa, the fastest, takes riders' breath away at speeds of up to150 mph. BRC Imagination Arts, a Southern California design firm, has proposed something entirely new: a ride that creates the sensation of zero gravity for up to eight seconds at a time.
BRC drew its concept from the "Vomit Comet," the plane NASA uses to train astronauts. Its proposed theme-park ride would travel up and then back, similar to the existing "Superman: Escape from Krypton" coaster at Six Flags Magic Mountain in California. But unlike Superman and other open-car coasters, the vomit-comet ride would be fully enclosed. Riders would enjoy the illusion of floating within a stable chamber.
To create that illusion, a special motor system would speed coasters up the track with great precision（精确度）. As the coaster approached a top speed of more than 100 mph, it would suddenly and ever so slightly slow down—just enough to throw the passengers up from their seats and then quickly adjust its speed to fly in formation with and around the passengers. As the coaster reached the top of the track and began to drop back down, the computer system would continue to match its speed to that of the falling passengers, extending the sensation of weightlessness for several additional seconds, and finally rapidly slow down to a stop back at the base station.
Roller coasters typically cost no more than $30 million, but the zero-gravity ride would cost $50 million or more, to a large extent because the precision-response propulsion system（推动系统） is so complex. But if someone were to write a check today, Rogers says, his company could be sending riders on weightless journeys by the end of 2022.
1. What makes BRC's coaster different?
A. It's the tallest roller coaster in the States.
B. It's the fastest roller coaster on Earth.
C. It can bring a sensation of zero gravity to its riders.
D. It is a NASA product.
2. Why would people in BRC's coaster have an illusion of floating in the chamber?
A. Because it's designed with the inspiration of Superman.
B. Because a special functioning motor system is applied to it.
C. Because the coaster can approach a top speed of more than 100 mph.
D. Because the coaster would cost $20 million more than normal ones.
3. At what point could a rider begin to feel weightless?
A. When the coaster reduced its speed immediately after it reached its top speed.
B. When the coaster began to increase its speed.
C. When the coaster reduced its speed to a stop back at the base station.
D. When the coaster reached the top of the track.
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. BRC is a famous design firm.
B. You feel like a superman when riding BRC coaster.
C. BRC's budget can't make the project complete until 2022.
D. Kingda Ka and Ferrari World's Formula Rossa will close down soon.
【参考答案】1—4、CBAC　　

完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Friends are very important in our everyday life. Everyone 1__ friends. We all like to feel close to someone. __2__ is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh, and do things with. 3 , sometimes we need to be alone. We don’t always want people 4 . But we would feel lonely if we __5__ had a friend.
No two people are 6 . Friends 7 don’t get on well. That doesn’t mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make up (言归于好) and become 8 again.
Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very 9 . We miss them very much, but we can 10 them and write to them. And we can __11 new friends. It is encouraging to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.
There’s more good news for people who have friends. They live __12__ than people who don’t. Why? Friends can make us feel happy. __13__ happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just done that someone cares. If some one cares about you, you take 14 care of 15 .

名师点评
本文叙述了伴侣在人一生中扮演着重要角色。和伴侣一起谈天说地，一起做事，不仅使我们远离孤独     ，增加生活情趣，而且也使我们的身心更加健康。

(C)1. A. loves B. hates C. needs D. becomes
【解析】C。依据上文，friends are very important. 可以知道每个人都需要伴侣, 故选needs。
(A)2. A. It B. He C. There D. Someone
【解析】A。这里应用it做形式主语，代替后面真正的主语，即to have a friend。
(D)3. A. Hardly B. Nearly C. Suddenly D. Certainly
【解析】D。一方面我们需要和伴侣在一起，另一方面我们也需要独处，依据句意，应当选certainly。
(D)4. A. alone B. away C. all over D. around
【解析】D。依据上一句we need to be alone，可以知道我们有时也不期望四周始终有人相伴，故选around。
(B)5. A. ever B. never C. just D. really
【解析】B。依据句意，没有伴侣的状况下会感到孤独。故选never。
(C)6. A. friendly B. kind C. just the same D. quite different
【解析】C。依据句意，世界上没有两个人是相同的，故选just the same。
(B)7 A. always B. sometimes C. often D. usually
【解析】B。既然人与人之间总有不同之处，所以伴侣有时也会有冲突,故选sometimes。
(D)8. A. friendly B. good C. pleased D. friends
【解析D。依据上半句they will make up可以知道产生分歧的伴侣也会和好如初。故选friends。
(B)9. A. angry B. sad C. happy D. alone
【解析】B。依据语境，伴侣离开应是很难过的事情。故选sad。
(A)10. A. call B. ask C. tell D. talk with
【解析】A。依据常识，思念伴侣时，我们可以通过打电话和写信来和伴侣联络, 故选call。
(C)11. A. look for B. find C. make D. know
【解析】C。make friends为固定结构，意思是“交伴侣”。
(A)12. A. longer B. shorter C. slower D. faster
【解析】A。依据上句中“good news”, 可以知道这里应当是长寿，又由于句中有than, 可以知道应填比较级，故选longer。
(B)13. A. Smelling B. Being C. Sounding D. Making
【解析】B。依据题意，心情好，有助于身体健康。这里用动名词短语充当主语，happy是形容词，前面应添上be动词，故选 being 。
(B)14. A. less B. better C. little D. no
【解析】B。依据题意，假如别人关怀你，你就会加倍珍惜自己，故选better。
(D)15. A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself
【解析】D。依据题意，这里表示“自己照看自己“，故选yourself 。