1、轻型门式刚架厂房主体结构1、设计条件1.1、设计资料某单层工业厂房,采用单跨双坡门式刚架,刚架跨度 27m,柱距 6m,长度48m。一侧墙上两个开间设 3.6m3.6m 门一扇,两纵墙轴线位置上,各开间均设窗 3.6m1.2m。刚架柱柱脚标高设为0.000m,刚架檐口高度为 9.0m,从而刚架柱柱高为 h=9.0m。屋面坡度 1/10。屋面及墙面板均为彩色压型钢板,考虑经济、制造和安装方便,檩条和墙梁均采用冷弯薄壁卷边 C 型钢,间距为 1.5 米,钢材采用 Q345 钢,焊条采用 E50 型。1.2、设计参数地面粗糙度:B 类地震设防烈度:6 度设计使用年限:50 年结构重要性系数:0=1.
2、0基本风压:0=0.50kN/m2屋面活载和雪压:0=0.50kN/m22、布置形式刚架平面布置如图所示,刚架形式及几何尺寸如图所示。3、初选截面钢柱采用等截面 H 型钢,梁柱初选截面均为 H450200812。截面特性:Ix=28181cm4Iy=1602cm4Wx=1252cm3Wy=160.2cm3ix=18.53cmiy=4.42cmSx=707.07cm3A=8210cm24、荷载计算4.1 屋盖永久荷载标准值(对水平投影面)彩色型钢板檩条及支撑刚架斜梁自重合计0.25 kN m20.05 kN m 20.15 kN m 20.45 kN m 24.2 屋面可变荷载标准值基本风压:0
3、=0.5kN/m24.3 轻质墙面及柱自重标准值(包括柱、墙骨架等)0.5 kN m 24.4 风荷载标准值基本风压:w 0 =1.050.50 kN m 2 =0.53 kN m 2 ;根据地面粗糙度列别为 B 类,查得风荷载高度变化系数:当高度小于 10 m 时,按 10 m 高度处的数值采用,m z =1.0。风荷载体型系数 ms :迎风柱及屋面分别为0.25 和1.0,背风面柱及屋面分别为0.55 和0.65。4.5 地震作用荆州地区抗震设防烈度为 6 度,根据全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施-结构中第 18.8.1 条的建议,所以不考虑地震作用。4.6 荷载标准值计算A、屋面恒荷载标准值
4、:0.456/cos=2.72 kN m活荷载标准值:0.506=3.00 kN mB、柱荷载柱自重标准值:0.456=2.70 kN mC、风荷载标准值迎风面:柱上 qw1k=0.536(+0.25)=0.80kN/m横梁上 qw2k=0.536(-1.0)=3.18kN/m背风面:柱上 qw3k=0.536(-0.55)=1.75kN/m横梁上 qw4k=0.536(-0.65)=2.07kN/m4.7 荷载设计值计算屋面恒载 g1=Ggk1=1.22.72=3.26kN/m柱身恒载 g2=Ggk2=1.22.70=3.24kN/m屋面活载 q=QQk=1.43.0=4.2kN/m风载迎风
5、面:柱上 qw1=Qqw1k=1.40.80=1.12kN/m横梁上 qw2=Qqw2k=1.43.18=-4.45kN/m背风面:柱上 qw3=Qqw3k=1.41.75=-2.45kN/m横梁上 qw4=Qqw4k=1.42.07=-2.90kN/m5、内力分析(用结构力学求解器计算求得内力,用 AutoCAD 绘制)q =3.00kN/mg1 =2.70kN/mqw2=-3.18kN/mqw4=-2.07kN/m1g2 =2.70kN/m119.60kNm荷载图g2 =2.70kN/m243.45kNm142.45kNmM图39.23kN1.85kN18.33kN0.60kNQ图59.0
6、2kN16.24kN8.25kN38.29kNqw3=-1.75kN/mqw1=0.80kN/m41.26kN22.34kN70.42kN12.20kN 12.32kNN图60.93kN22.22kN90.09kN6、构件设计和验算及节点设计和验算6.1、截面验算构件宽厚比的验算翼缘部分: b / t f = 96 / 12 = 8 96 / 12 = 8 15 235 f y = 12腹板部分: h0 / t w = 426 / 8 = 53.25 250 235 f y = 206满足要求。6.2、刚架梁的验算6.2.1 抗剪验算梁截面最大剪力为 Vmax=39.23kNVu = hwt
7、w f v =4268180N=613440N=613.44kNVmax=39.23kN满足要求。6.2.2 抗弯验算取梁端截面进行验算,N=-22.22kN,V=-59.02kN,M=-243.45kNm由于 V0.5VuM eN = M e - NWe / Ae = Wx f - NWx / A3 3 3=384879019Nmm=384.88kNmM=-243.45kNm满足要求。6.2.3 平面内的稳定N=-22.22kN,M=-243.45kNm,梁平面内的稳定性验算:计算长度取横梁长度l0 x = 135002 + 13502 = 27135mmlx = l0 x / ix = 2
8、7135 / 185.3 = 146.44 l = 150b 类截面,查附表可知, j x = 0.986=125210 310-22.2210 125310 /8210N Ex 0 =p 2 EAe02=p 2 206 103 82101.1146.442kN = 707.6kNb mx = 1.0Nj x Ae0+ N b mx M x N Ex 0 =222200.986 8210+1.0 243.45 10622.22 707.6 22满足要求。6.2.4 平面外的稳定横梁平面外的稳定性验算:考虑屋面压型钢板与檩条紧密相连,有蒙皮效应,檩条可以作为横梁平面外的支承点,但为安全起见,计算
9、长度按两个檩距或隅撑间距考虑,即 l0 y = 3015mm 对于等截面构件,=0,m s = m w = 1, l y = l0 y i y = 3015 / 44.2 = 68.2,b 类截面,查附表得, j y = 0.668 。jby =4320 A0h0l2y Wx 0 m w 4.4h 0 42 y =4320 8210 4262 3 14 + 2=1.9250.6取 j y = 1.07 - 0.283 / jby = 1.07-0.283/1.925=0.923b t = 1.0 -NN Ex 0 N Exo 2=1.0-22.22/707.6+0.75(22.22/707.6
10、)2=0.969Nj y Ae0+b t MWe1jby 22220 0.668 8210+22满足要求。6.2.5 按钢结构设计规范(GB50017-2003)校核横梁腹板容许高厚比。梁端截面:1.1lxWex 1 - j x 1252 103 1 - 0.986 =200.66kN/mm f=310N/mm l yt0 m s + 235 f 1252 1068.2 68.2 12 235 4.4 426 345 + 0.75 N = 0.969 243.45 106 1252 103 1.925 =98.29N/mm f=310N/mmmaxNAEoMyI x=222208210243.
11、45 106 21328181104= 2.71 184.01 =186.72-181.30N / mm 2a 0 =s max - s mins max= 1.97故h0t w= 53.25 (48a 0 + 0.5lx - 26.2)235f y= 84.60 ,满足要求。梁跨中截面:maxNAEoMyI x=12320 142 .45 106 2138210 28181104=1.50 107.67 =109.17-106.17N / mm 2a 0 =s max - s mins max= 1.97故h0t w= 53.25 (48a 0 + 0.5lx - 26.2)235f y=
12、84.60 ,满足要求。6.2.6 檩条集中荷载下的局部受压承载力。檩条传给横梁上翼缘的集中荷载F=(1.20.276+1.43.0)1.5kN=9.21kNlz=a+5hy+2hR=(70+512+0)mm=130mms c=YFt wl z=1.0 9.211038 130= 8.86N / mm 2 f = 310N / mm 2满足要求。验算腹板上边缘的折算应力取梁端截面处的应力N=-22.22kN,V=-59.02kN,M=-243.45kNms =My1I n=243. 35 106 2134N / mm 2 = 183.9N / mm 2t =VSItw=59.02 103 20
13、0 12 4194N / mm 2 = 34.00N / mm 2s 2 + s c2 + ss c + 3t 2 = 183.92 + 8.862 + 183.9 8.86 + 3 34.002281811021818 10 822满足要求。6.3 刚架柱的验算6.3.1 抗剪验算柱截面最大剪力为 Vmax=38.29kN,考虑仅有支座加劲肋ls =h0 / t w41 5.34 235 f y=53.2541 5.34 235 / 345= 0.681 Vmax = 38.29kN满足要求。6.3.2 抗弯验算取梁端截面进行验算,N=-60.93kN,V=16.24kN,M=-243.45
14、kNm由于 V0.5Vu ,故M eN = M e - NWe / Ae = Wx f - NWx / A3 3 3=378828361Nmm=378.83kNmM=-243.45kNm满足要求。6.3.3 刚架柱平面内整体稳定性验算。构件最大内力:N=-90.09kN,M=-243.45kNm刚架柱高 H=9000mm,梁长 L=27135mm,柱的线刚度为:k2 = I c1 / h = 28181104 / 9000mm3 = 31312mm3梁的线刚度为:k1 = I b0 / 2Ys = 28181104 / 27135mm3 = 10385mm3k1 / k2 = 10385 /
15、31312 = 0.332查表得柱的计算长度系数=2.934.刚架柱的计算长度l0 x = mh = 2.934 9000mm = 26406mmlx = l0 x / ix = 26406 / 185.3 = 142.5 l = 150b 类截面,查附表得, j x = 0.333N Ex 0 =p 2 EAe02=p 2 206 103 82101.1142.52N = 747.3kNb mx = 1.0=197.47N/mm 1.2f=372N/mm=125210 310-60.9310 1252.4810 /82101.1lxNj x Ae0+ N b mx M x N Ex 0 =9
16、00900.333 8210+1.0 243.45 10690.09 747.3 226.3.3 刚架柱平面外整体稳定性验算。考虑屋面压型钢板与檩条紧密相连,有蒙皮效应,与柱连接的墙梁可以作为横梁平面外的支承点,但为安全起见,计算长度按两个墙梁距离或隅撑间距考虑,即 l0 y = 3015mm 对于等截面构件,=0,m s = m w = 1, l y = l0 y i y = 3015 / 44.2 = 68.2,b 类截面,查附表得, j y = 0.668 。jby =4320 A0h0l2y Wx 0 m w 4.4h 0 42 y =4320 8210 4262 3 14 + 2=1
17、.9250.6取 j y = 1.07 - 0.283 / jby = 1.07-0.283/1.925=0.923b t = 1.0 -NN Ex 0 N Exo 2=1.0-90.09/707.6+0.75(90.09/747.3)2=0.890Nj y Ae0+b t MWe1jby 90090 0.668 8210+22满足要求。6.3.4 按钢结构设计规范(GB50017-2003)校核横梁腹板容许高厚比。柱顶截面:smaxmin=NAEoMyI x=609308210243.45 106 21328181104= 7.42 107.67 =109.17-106.17N / mm 2
18、a 0 =s max - s mins max= 1.97Wex 1 - j x 1252 103 1 - 0.333=235.83kN/mm f=310N/mm l yt0 m s + 235 f 1252 1068.2 68.2 12 235 4.4 426 345 + 0.75 N = 0.890 243.45 106 1252 103 1.925 =106.35/mm f=310N/mm故h0t w= 53.25 (48a 0 + 0.5lx - 26.2)235f y= 113.34,满足要求。柱底截面:a 0 = 0故h0t w= 53.25 N v =Vn=16.248kN =
19、2.03kN满足要求。最外排一个螺栓的抗剪、抗拉承载力验算:NVb+N tb=2.0391.125+160.70180= 0.915 1满足要求。6.4.1.2 端板厚度验算端板厚度取为 t=30mm,按照两边支承类端板计算t wb + 2e f ( f + ew f6e f ew N t=6 40 46 160.70 10346 200 + 2 40 (40 + 46) 295= 29.5mm6.4.1.3 梁柱节点域的剪力验算t =Mdbd ctc=243.45 106426 426 10= 134.16N / mm 2 fV = 180N / mm 2满足要求。y1= 4 ( .265
20、+ 0.16)kN = 160.70kN 0.4P = 0.4 225 = 90kNN t 2ewt w=94.0110346 8= 255.45N / mm 2 N v =Vn=1.858kN = 0.23kN满足要求。最外排一个螺栓的抗剪、抗拉承载力验算:NVb+N tb=0.2362.775+96.44124= 0.781 1满足要求。6.4.2.2 端板厚度验算端板厚度取为 t=24mm,按照两边支承类端板计算t wb + 2e f ( f + ew f6e f ew N t=6 40 46 96.44 10346 200 + 2 40 (40 + 46) 295= 22.9mm6.4
21、.2.3 螺栓处腹板强度验算N t 2 =My22-Nn=142.45 0.1622-12 .328= 57.92kN 0.4P = 0.4 155 = 62kN yi4 ( .265 + 0.16)= - y1 n 4 ( .265 + 0.16)kN = 96.94kN N tb = 124kNNVN te e ) yi4 ( .265 + 0.16)0.4Pewt w=0.4 155 10346 8= 168.48N / mm 2 f = 310N / mm 2满足要求。6.5 柱脚设计刚架柱与基础铰接,采用平板式铰接柱脚。6.5.1 柱脚内力设计值N max = 90.09kN ,V
22、= 38.29kN6.5.2 由于柱底剪力较小,故而一般跨间不需要设置剪力键,但经过计算在设置柱间支撑的开间必须设置剪力键。考虑柱间支撑抗拔力之后,锚栓不承受拉力,因此仅考虑柱在安装过程中的稳定,按构造要求设置锚栓即可,采用 4M24。6.5.3 柱脚底板面积和厚度计算。6.5.3.1 柱脚底板面积确定b = b0 + 2t + 2c = 200+212+2(2050)=264mm324mm,取 b=300mm;h = h0 + 2t + 2c = 450+212+2(2050)=514mm574mm,取 h=550mm;基础采用 C20 混凝土, f c = 9.6kN / mm 2 ,验算
23、底板下混凝土轴心抗压强度设计值:s =Nbh=90.09 103300 550N / mm 2 = 0.55N / mm 2 b c f c = 9.6N / mm 2满足要求。6.5.3.2 底板厚度确定根据柱底板被柱腹板和翼缘所分割的区段分别计算板底所承受的最大弯矩。三边支承板:b2 b1 = 96 / 426 = 0.225 -1k = 7.8 - 6.29j + 9.78j 2 = 7.8 + 6.29 0.695 + 9.78 0.6952 = 16.889上翼缘板:上翼缘板为最大压力作用于部分加劲肋板间的支承边,j = s min s max = s 2 / s 1 = 96.28
24、 194.90 = 0.494 -1kc = 5.89 -11.59j + 6.68j 2 = 5.89 -11.59 0.494 + 6.68 0.4942 = 1.795Wy1=23.19cm Wy2=10.02cm41.66 1023.19 1041.66 1023.19 106.6.2.3 受压板件的有效宽度腹板:k = 16.889, kc = 1.795, b = 180mm, c = 70mm, t = 2.2mm,s 1 = 194.90N / mm 2x =c kb k c=7018016.8891.795= 1.19 1.1板组约束系数:k1 = 0.11 + 0.93 /
25、(x - 0.05) 2 = 0.01 + 0.93 /(1.19 - 0.05) 2 = 0.726r = 205k1k / s 1 = 205 0.726 16.889 / 194.90 = 3.590由于 j = s min / s max 0, 取a = 1.5, bc = b /(1 - j ) = 180 /(1 + 0.695) = 106.2mmb / t = 180 / 2.2 = 81.8218ar = 18 1.5 3.590 = 96.93mm 38ar = 38 1.5 3.590 = 204.63mm则取有效宽度: 21.8arb / t 21.8 1. 5 3.5
26、9081.82 bc = 106.2mm ,取, be = bc = 106.2mmbe1 = 0.4be = 0.4 106.2mm = 42.48mmbe 2 = 0.6be = 0.6 106.2mm = 63.72mm上翼缘板:k = 1.795, kc = 16.889, b = 70mm, c = 180mm,s 1 = 194.90kN / m 2x =c kb k c=180701.79516.889= 0.838 0, 故而,a = 1.15 - 0.15j = 1.15 - 0.15 0.494 = 1.076bc = b = 70mmbe = - 0.1bc = - 0.
27、1 106.2mm = 116.6mmb / t = 70 / 2.2 = 31.8218ar = 18 1.076 1.436 = 27.8138ar = 38 1.076 1.436 = 58.72所以18ar b / t 38ar则截面有效宽度为: 21.8arb / t 21.8 1. 076 1. 43631.82be1 = 0.4be = 0.4 65.02mm = 26.01mmbe 2 = 0.6be = 0.6 65.02mm = 39.01mm下翼缘板:下翼缘板全截面受拉,全部有效。6.6.3 有效净截面模量上翼缘板的扣除面积宽度为(70-65.02)mm=4.98mm;腹
28、板的扣除面积为 0,同时在腹板的计算截面有一直径 13mm 的拉条连接孔(据上翼缘板边缘 35mm),孔位置与扣除面积位置基本相同。所以腹板的扣除面积按直径 13mm 拉条连接孔计算。有效净截面模量为:= 22638mm39021.122 2mm3W eny min=70 - 21.12 2mm3= 9768mm3Wenx / Wx = 39780 / 41660 = 0.955Weny max / Wy1 = 22638 / 23190 = 0.976Weny min / Wy 2 = 9768 / 10020 = 0.9756.6.4 强度验算按屋面能阻止檩条侧向失稳和扭转考虑s 1 =M xWenx+M yWeny max=6.88 10639708+0.69 1062
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