同等学力英语完型答题技巧.doc

2014年同等学力 完型填空讲义

一、 考试大纲要求及完型填空考查内容
v 　本部分共设10题，每题1分，考试时间为10分钟。本部分在一篇难度适中的短文中设置10个空白，每个空白给出4个备选答案，要求考生从所给备选答案中选出一个最佳答案，使短文完整。

完型填空主要测验学生的语言综合运用能力，包括基础知识的掌握和运用，对整个文章逻辑联系的理解，在情景中辨析词义的能力以及词组短语搭配的使用能力，这是大部分考生认为难度最大的考查项目。归根结底，完型填空的题目就是在基本的语法、词汇考点的基础上，再加上阅读的上下穿梭的逻辑能力，所以说完型填空考题是以一合三的考法。

v 重点考查词汇、逻辑关系
二、考点：
1. 语法题
(1) 语法的2个考点
考点一 从句 （重点）
考点二 非谓语动词——动词-ing形式和-ed分词 （次重点）
(2) 连词的使用方法 （语法衔接题）
2. 词汇题
(1) 简单的同义词、近义词辨析
(2) 语义的衔接技巧
3. 固定搭配
三、完形填空答题技巧
　　1. 重视首句，把握开篇
完形填空一般无标题，首句不留空白，是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向，避免误入歧途，对理解全文起重要的作用。

　　2. 阅读全文，掌握大意
速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格，生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去，不要急于看选项。一遍读不懂可以再迅速读一遍，直到明了大意（who, when, where, what），掌握梗概，总体把握文章内容，结构，时态，语态变化，情节的展开，结果的形成，然后答题。
　　3. 前后照应，灵活答题
　　（1）择优法
　　（2）排除法
对于一时难以确定的答案，可按空格位置，从语法结构，上下文意，习惯用法，词义辨析等方面，对选项逐个分析试填。此时，“瞻前顾后”是必要的：即先读所填句，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两处填空，要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案 。
4．识别短语注意搭配
一类短语是由动词＋介词，或动词＋副词构成，在现代英语中，这类词组很多而且实用性强、结构简练、使用灵活、表达生动，如break the ice，look forward to，keep an eye on，catch one's eye等；还有一类使用极广的是介词短语，如with regard to，in a blink of，on everyone's lips，at the age of等。如果平时能注意词组、短语的整体记忆，掌握它们的搭配规律，在做完型填空时就能得心应手，减少失误，提高完型填空的命中率。
 5. 运用语法理顺关系
语法知识是指导完型填空的法宝，词汇是根据语法规则确定各自的位置，有了语法规则文章才能有条不紊、顺理成章。完型填空题实际上是“形断意不断，貌离神不离”，正如藕断而丝连，语法规则起到“牵动荷花带出藕”的功效。如介词后的代词必然是宾格；物质名词一般不用复数；形容词必须放在不定代词后；行为动词的否定和疑问句应由助动词do构成；情态动词只能与不带to的动词连用等。
6. 复读全文，验证答案
　　（1）检查上下文的一致性：即时态、语态的一致，代词、名词、单复数的一致。
　　（2）检查表达法的习惯性：即习惯用语、固定搭配、句型词组是否符合习惯。
　　（3）检查上下文的连贯性：及凭借语感，按照上下文，检查段落与段落，句子与句子之间的衔接是否连贯。这是检查中至关重要的一环，往往能纠正一处甚至多处错误.
四、试题初体验
样卷一
Almost half of UK internet users are going online via mobile phone data connections, according to the Office for National Statistics (ONS). 45% of people surveyed said they (46) use of the net while out and about, compared with 31% in 2010. The most rapid growth was (47) younger people, where 71% of internet-connected 16 t0 24-year-olds used mobiles.
Domestic internet use also rose. According to the ONS, 77% of households now have (48) to a net connection. That figure was (49) 4% from the previous year, representing the slowest rate of (50) since the ONS survey began in 2006. The figure for domestic connections contrasted sharply with the rapid growth in uptake of mobile services.
(51) , the popularity of 3G broadband did not necessarily mean that more people were going online overall. Many of those using mobile phones are (52) to already have home broadband connections.
Older users, who the government is particularly keen to get (53) , appeared to (54) relatively untouched by the phenomenon. While 71% of 16 t0 24-year-old who went (55) said they used mobile broadband, just 8% of internet users aged over 65 made use of the newer technology.
(46) A. made B. took C. kept D. sought
(47) A. around B. within C. among D. beyond
(48) A. route B. access C. way D. road
(49) A. on B. up C. of D. in
(50) A. survey B. internet C. mobiles D. growth
(51) A. However B. Because C. Moreover D. Even if
(52) A. easy B. fast C. likely D. slow
(53) A. connected B. used to C. provided D. called
(54) A. have B. be C. being D. have been
(55) A. abroad B. out C. online D. home

(46) A (47) C (48) B (49) B (50) D (51) A (52) C (53) A (54) D(55)C
样卷二
Part IV Cloze (10 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Scientists say they have found key clues into how long we will live. One of them is a (46) handshake. British researchers believe a strong grip is not just a sign of confidence bran (47) of longevity. Lead author Dr. Rachel Cooper, of University College London, said her study looked int0 33 different reports on the strength of handshakes. The research(48) more than 50,000 men and women and spanned 40 years. Dr. Cooper concluded that those with weaker handshakes were 70 per cent more likely to die earlier than those with the strongest handshakes. She concludes that people with strong grips may have benefited (49) a happy childhood that included a healthy diet and plenty of exercise.
The new study, (50) in the British Medical Journal, also found other signs of living a longer life. These “measures of physical capability” include walking at a faster (51) , getting out of a chair quickly, and being able to balance on one leg. The study showed that slow walkers were almost three times (52) to die earlier than those who (53) out of their chairs. . Dr. Cooper believes there needs to be more (54) into the link between physical capability and longevity. Research that helps people to enjoy a long and healthy life is ever more important to help (55) an ageing population,” she said.

(46) A. firm B. loose C. warm D. friendly
(47) A. evidence B. indicator C. advantage D. opinion
(48) A. included B. questioned C. examined D. involved
(49) A. of B. from C. to D. for
(50) A. disclosed B. revealed C. published D. declared
(51) A. move B. rate C. ratio D. pace
(52) A. likelier B. likely C. as likely D. as alike
(53) A. struggled B. sprang C. skipped D.Skated
(54) A. research B. debate C. argument D. account
(55) A. cater for B. cater with C. keep up D. keep out
Part Ⅳ
（46）A （47）B （48）D （49）B （50）C （51）D （52）A (53)B (54)A (55)A

样卷三
Hollywood propaganda films of the late thirties and early forties can be divided (46)_____ three general categories: films that praised America, films that introduced World War allies, and films that (47) the enemy. Beginning in the late thirties, Hollywood began producing a (48) of biography films, all (49) which glorified the American democratic tradition~ John Ford’s Young Mr. Lincoln(1939) and John Cromwell’s Abe Lincoln in Illinois (1940) were examples of Hollywood’s attempt (50) that American democracy gave everyone a (51) at success. In the early forties many Hollywood movies (52)an introduction to the American allies.Films (53) Mrs.Miniver (1942) and Journey forMargaret(1942) presented a sympathetic picture of the British people. During the latter part of the forties, Hollywood was determined to introduce American audiences to the enemy, and movies like Hitler’s Children (1943) and Behind the Rising Sun (1944) portrayed German and Japanese brutality. Many of the latter anti-German and anti-Japanese films have since been criticized (54)____their distorted and simplistic themes that presented the German and Japanese people (55) half-mad beasts.
(46) A. into B. as C. among D. upon
(47) A. praised B. described C. criticized D. resembled
(48) A. list B. series C. collection D. glimpse
(49) A. in B. of C. on D. for
(50) A. proving B. proved C. prove D. to prove
(51) A. chance B. hope C. job D. wish
(52) A. employed B. took C. offered D. showed
(53) A. like B. as C. such D. that
(54) A. in case of B. on behalf of C. for the sake of D. because of
(55) A. against B. for C. as D. in
ACBBD ACADC
五、真题演练
2013年真题
请附上真题及答案，排版后请发回至我的邮箱 frankduxiyi@

2012年真题
Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)
Directions: In this part, there is a passage with I5 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
Why do kids hate Brussels sprouts (芽甘蓝')? Because Brussels sprouts are bitter, and kids generally don't like bitter tastes. But it's not their 61. Researchers say that a dislike for bitter and sour is a survival instinct, since most toxic substances _62 that way too. On the other hand, sweetness typically indicates that something is 63 to eat, so children are born with a _64 for sweets,
What we like to eat changes over time. As we age, we realize that _65 something tastes bitter or sour, it won't kill us, and we learn to _66 it. When we're older, we 67 some of our smell sensitivity. Humans need smell to experience flavor, which is different from taste. With our senses diminished, we'll probably begin 68 sugar and salt to our food, to heighten the flavor. 69 , there's a theory that the reason many especially "big"-tasting wines in recent years have won awards is that wine critics are getting older and finding subtle flavors _70 to sense.
If someone is 71 to detect flavors at all, he may have a taste _72 , which can be caused by a tongue injury or brain damage. Or it could be a problem with 73 , The channel that separates the mouth from the nose allows us to smell behind our nose and is _74_ enjoying most complex flavors:. That's why food seems _75 when we have a stuffy nose-except chicken noodle soup. It’s so salty.
61. A. Fault B. Choice C. Habit D. Regret
62. A. Feel B. Look C. Sound D. Taste
63. A. Strange B. Necessary C. Safe D. Ready
64. A. Capacity B. Preference C. Awareness D. Consideration
65. A. Now that B. In case C. If only D. Even though
66. A. Enjoy B. Improve C. Treat D. Alter
67. A. Form B. Lose C. Reduce D. Gain
68. A. Putting B. Balancing C. Adding D. Limiting
69. A. In essence B In conclusion C. In fact D. In short
70. A. Softer B. Nicer C. Worse D. Harder
71. A. Unlikely B. Unable C. Impossible D. Improbable
72. A. Disorder B: symptom C. Therapy D. Illusion
73. A. Mood B. Taste C. Flavor D smell
74. A. Subject to B. Liable to C. Crucial for D. beneficial for
75. A. Delicious B. Flavorless C. Bitter D. Smelly
完型答案：
61-65 ADCBD 66-70 ABCCD 71-75 BADCB

2011年真题
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2010年真题
请附上真题及答案，排版后请发回至我的邮箱 frankduxiyi@

六、模拟练习
Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

Passage one
For years we have believed we were either healthy or sick. __51__, during the mid-90s, scientists developed a new concept called “sub-health”, a status __52__ health and illness. The concept of sub-health has become __53__ because it has helped to explain many health problems. __54__ one study, only 5.6% of people in the overall population are actually sick, __55__ the sub-healthy group consists of about 60%, and the __56__ population is considered healthy. __57__ of one’s sub-health will help one to be alert to the underlying disease and remain healthy. Sub-Health is a state in which the body is __58__ turning from health to illness or from illness to health. Our bodies are actively __59__ the conditions of health, sub-health and disease. Factors __60__ aging, internal or external toxicity(毒性), and body or mind exhaustion may cause sub-health, but taking good care of the body can change a sub-healthy status to a healthy one.
51. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Meantime
52. A. within B. between C. toward D. beyond
53. A. controversial B. global C. popular D. common
54. A. Thanks to B. Due to C. According to D. Prior to
55. A. since B. though C. for D. whereas
56. A. remaining B. retaining C. relating D. reserving
57. A. Causes B. Awareness C. Doubts D. Treatment
58. A. already B. still C. neither D. either
59. A. choosing B. comparing C. improving D. balancing
60. A. like B. as C. along with D. up to

Passage Two
Colleges in the US have added a new subject,“green chemistry”, to their curriculum (课程) today. “Green chemistry __51__ how we can develop products that won’t __52__ the environment,” explains Paul Anastas, director of Yale University’s Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering. It opened at the beginning of this year. The American Chemical Society, __53__ approves more than 600 college chemistry programs, only lists about a dozen that teach green chemistry. But that __54__ is growing.
Cambridge College in Massachusetts is offering “an introduction to green chemistry” course this fall and is offering the nation’s first bachelor’s and master’s __55__ in green chemistry. The program will have classes in environmental science and even environmental __56__ and policy. These subjects are not __57__ taught to chemistry majors.
Employers __58__ the introduction of green chemistry. Businesses are increasingly seeking graduates __59__ backgrounds in the subject because it can help them make or save money in the development and manufacturing of products. “We need people who can not only understand their place __60__ , but also understand the worldwide perspective,” said Adam Peterson, a chemicals division manager at Dow Corning Corp.
51．A．looks on B．looks in C．looks at D．looks after
52．A．injure B．distress C．wound D．hurt
53．A．which B．that C．such D．thus
54．A．size B．number C．amount D．quantity
55．A．titles B．degrees C．status D．ranks
56．A．law B．act C．bill D．treaty
57．A．controversially B．eventually C．gradually D．traditionally
58．A．dislike B．ignore C．welcome D．enjoy
59．A．on B．in C．with D．from

60．A．in a row B．in person C．in common D．in a chain

Passage Three
One of the most convenient and cheapest ways to see America is by riding a Greyhound bus. This interstate bus system connects all major cities in the United States, 51 people with frequent and convenient service. The bus system even has an international service 52 makes connection with cities in Canada and Mexico.
Its network even extends to some of the smaller towns and out-of-the-way communities
53 the great interior of the country. Traveling by bus may 54 longer than flying by plane, but the terminals are located in the center of most cities and there is 55 to the downtown area.
These buses are comfortable and air-conditioned. They are all equipped with toilets in the rear to 56 the convenience of the passengers, but there are some very severe 57 of conduct which are strictly enforced. On all buses 58 is forbidden and the consumption of alcoholic drinks is not allowed.
59 bus travel may not be suited to everyone’s taste, it affords budget travelers the 60
to see America incomfort and safety and at a leisurely unhurried pace.
51．A．giving B．provid