ISO 10133-2002 小型船舶 电力系统 超低电压直流电力设备.pdf

Reference number ISO 10133:2000(E) ISO 2000 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10133 Second edition 2000-12-01 Small craft — Electrical systems — Extra-low-voltage d.c. installations Petits navires — Systmes lectriques — Installations trs basse tension courant continu ISO 10133:2000(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2000 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 ? CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [e-mail] Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2000 – All rights reserved ISO 10133:2000(E) ISO 2000 – All rights reservediii ContentsPage Foreword....................iv Introduction............................................................................................................................................v 1Scope ..............................................................................................................................................................1 2Normative references.........................................................................................1 3Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................................................2 4General requirements..............................................................................3 5Batteries..........................................................................................................................................................4 6Battery-disconnect switch....................................................4 7Conductors.....................................................................................................................................................5 8Overcurrent protection.........................................6 9Panel-boards (switchboards) .......................................................................................................................7 10Wiring connections and terminals.........................7 11Receptacles/sockets .....................................................................................................................................8 12Ignition protection .................................8 Annex A (normative) Conductor requirements........................................................................................................9 Annex B (normative) Information and instructions to be included with owners manual (ISO 10240)............11 Annex C (informative) Recommended system tests .............................................................................................12 Annex D (informative) Related standards and brief description of their contents...............13 ISO 10133:2000(E) iv ISO 2000 – All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 10133 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 188, Small craft. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10133:1994), of which it constitutes a technical revision. Annexes A and B form a normative part of this International Standard. Annexes C and D are for information only. ISO 10133:2000(E) ISO 2000 – All rights reservedv Introduction Annex A specifies conductor requirements. Annex B specifies information and instructions to be included with the owners manual (ISO 10240). Annex C provides information on recommended system tests to be performed upon completion of the d.c. installation. This International Standard is intended to provide protection against explosion and fires. It is important to realize that this standard is not intended to achieve this purpose by itself. The manufacturer also needs to comply with additional standards related to protection against the same possible hazards. These additional standards are listed, in annex D, with a brief description of their contents. For complete understanding of the requirements, the manufacturer needs to refer to the actual standard. Compliance with all these International Standards will ensure a high level of safety in all craft, particularly in those using petrol or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 10133:2000(E) ISO 2000 – All rights reserved1 Small craft — Electrical systems — Extra-low-voltage d.c. installations 1Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements for the design, construction and installation of extra-low- voltage direct current (d.c.) electrical systems which operate at nominal potentials of 50 V d.c. or less on small craft of hull length up to 24 m. Engine wiring as supplied by the engine manufacturer is not covered by this International Standard. 2Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 6722-3: 1993, Road vehicles — Unscreened low-tension cables — Part 3: Conductor sizes and dimensions for thick-wall insulated cables. ISO 6722-4: 1993, Road vehicles — Unscreened low-tension cables — Part 4: Conductor sizes and dimensions for thin-wall insulated cables. ISO 8846:1990, Small craft — Electrical devices — Protection against ignition of surrounding flammable gases. ISO 10239:—1?, Small craft — Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) systems. ISO 10240:1995, Small craft — Owner’s manual. ISO 13297:2000, Small craft — Electrical systems — Alternating current installations. IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code). IEC 60947-7-1:1989, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 7: Ancillary equipment — Section One: Terminal blocks for copper conductors. 1? To be published. ISO 10133:2000(E) 2 ISO 2000 – All rights reserved 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 equipotential bonding conductor normally non-current-carrying conductor used to put various exposed conductive parts of direct current electrical devices and extraneous conductive parts at a substantially equal potential 3.2 engine negative terminal terminal on the engine to which the negative battery cable is connected 3.3 crafts ground crafts earth ground (earth) which is established by a conducting connection (intended or accidental) with the common ground (potential of the earths surface), including any conductive part of the wetted surface of the hull 3.4 ignition-protected equipment equipment designed and constructed in accordance with ISO 8846 3.5 overcurrent protection device device, such as a fuse or circuit-breaker, designed to interrupt the circuit when the current flow exceeds a predetermined value for a predetermined time 3.6 panel-board switchboard supporting panel on which are fixed devices for the purpose of controlling and/or distributing power on a craft NOTEExamples of devices are circuit-breakers, fuses, switches, instruments and indicators. 3.7 sheath uniform and continuous tubular protective covering of metallic or non-metallic material, generally extruded around one or more insulated conductors EXAMPLESMoulded rubber, moulded plastics, woven sleeving or flexible tubing. 3.8 trip-free circuit-breaker mechanical switching device capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions and also making, carrying for a specified time and breaking currents under specified abnormal circuit conditions, such as those of short circuit, and which is designed so that the resetting means cannot be manually held in place to override the current-interrupting mechanism 3.9 accessible capable of being reached for inspection, removal or maintenance without removal of the permanent structure of the craft 3.10 readily accessible capable of being reached quickly and safely for effective use without the use of tools ISO 10133:2000(E) ISO 2000 – All rights reserved3 3.11 conduit part of a closed wiring system of circular or non-circular cross-section for insulated conductors and/or cables in electrical installations, allowing them to be drawn in and/or replaced 3.12 cable trunking system of closed enclosures comprising a base with a removable cover intended for the complete surrounding of insulated conductors, cables or cords and for the accommodation of other electrical equipment 3.13 system voltage nominal voltage supplied to the d.c. distribution panel-board (switchboard) from the power source 3.14 exposed conductive part conductive part of electrical equipment, which can be touched and which is not normally live, but which may become live under fault conditions 3.15 fuse device that, by fusing of one or more of its specifically designed and proportioned components, opens the circuit in which it is inserted by breaking the current when this exceeds a given value for a sufficient time. NOTEThe fuse comprises all the parts that form the complete device. 3.16 fully insulated two-wire d.c. system system in which the d.c. negative is isolated from the ground (earth), i. e. not connected to the water through a metallic hull or the propulsion system, nor earthed through the a.c. protective conductor 3.17 two-wire d.c. system with negative ground two-wire d.c. system with negative earth system in which the d.c. negative is connected to the ground (earth) through a metallic hull, the propulsion system or other means 4General requirements 4.1The system type shall be either a fully insulated two-wire d.c. system or a two-wire d.c. system with a negative ground. The hull shall not be used as a current-carrying conductor. Engine-mounted wiring systems may use the engine block as the grounded conductor. 4.2An equipotential bonding conductor, if fitted, shall be connected to the crafts ground (earth) to minimize stray current corrosion. 4.3Switches and controls shall be marked to indicate their use, unless the purpose of the switch is obvious and its mistaken operation will not cause a hazardous condition. 4.4Protective devices such as circuit-breakers or fuses shall be provided at the source of power, e. g. the panel- board (switchboard), to interrupt any overload current in the circuit conductors before heat can damage the conductor insulation, connections or wiring-system terminals. The selection, arrangement and performance characteristics should be such that the following is achieved: a)maximum continuity of service to healthy circuits under fault conditions through selective operation of the various protective devices; ISO 10133:2000(E) 4 ISO 2000 – All rights reserved b)protection of electrical equipment and circuits from damage due to overcurrents, by coordination of the electrical characteristics of the circuit or apparatus and the tripping characteristics of the protective devices. 4.5All d.c. equipment shall function over a voltage range at the battery terminals as follows: ?for a 12 volt system: 10,5 V to 15,5 V; ?for a 24 volt system: 21 V to 31 V. Exception: Where the circuit includes equipment requiring a higher minimum voltage, the specified minimum voltage shall be used in the calculation of the conductor size. See clause A.2. 4.6The length and cross-sectional area of conductors in each circuit shall be such that the calculated voltage drop shall not exceed 10 % of the nominal battery voltage for any appliance, when every appliance in the circuit is switched on at full load. 5Batteries 5.1Batteries shall be permanently installed in a dry, ventilated location above the anticipated bilge-water level. 5.2Batteries shall be installed in a manner to restrict their movement horizontally a