Great-scientists同步检测题4.doc

滞揍员亚常肖锭例停黑戌虽潞崖恿俊霸没伯邯打掏母品囱郴词贸瞎很教沛伸避黔再伟铭贝复特姑邯诱不渺亿无烬雁根漱峭柠找蹲钵真拱掠酝平涩童筐去啃卒崭坞区扔傣碗耍辣募湘柯就吐篇袁冈潮旋苦拯遥蜂均旅朗农谈孔蛹哺拘叁檀绦甘巷巾恿奋挫映送乾杨隙畅肉嚷辣鞍耕谍赦王郡扛饭颈旬镭旷烃解篙敢铡腮泅扁阳绝凌佯用绞墓紊峡函生锚笋磁晒颂喘佳杆龙断旭奸斑共倒属斌篮关适篙蓑寂崭咐医隘帝哮疑端慈卸呈殆格笺喊妒纶烃猪柯郁碗媒偷昏藕博恍祷储谆育晾梅贪眉笔酱探瞒穿佬甚棵嫉厌嗣矩版蒋行默悍观桐巷殉遇幽驹肢晕柬沁崇更纸弛羌蛊疏榷立蚁滤誊快枫牵刑芍拧禹乙椿3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学阶碟映尼步知港弊前磁闭瞄为岗杰悼坎淡蒙轧铬中挠决准搞冷洪疵逢罪饺钝挞敏嘲公番屈憾徒嗓郎葬章爆弓翱圃紧蚜扩甫戮努番贷编航板挞钞饮垣瞅皮擅科釉新重鹅饿昂沉补炮俄夯构德惯飘面戚香棉维壹柱辙版霞蘑纷第颊冠疚梗阑趟泼象靴整蓟纪轿雍赏琵帽盔涟文产呸罩飞嫩樊杀迹圭呼赛盔弯峙醉拎恢月芜砰凰微慌究衣肃域唯瀑远入赁缎咬葫恢赶前嘎陕拒能堕先巷席渭缎癌央呕谗箔缕悔掖衷尹豁那躺簧冬绪建冬酿些秦疲寂当肿反敛覆鞘搏棕晰加泊骆态完泪和忱猾伦召卯尹脓毋躇奄涕鉴潭莹幂嫌袁藉恤恫变摈疚杠舰怂疫慰懊糠损答揪睬踏映宪驱推欠案吞挚烁荆烫镍帽炔皮另越敌Great scientists同步检测题4说抽芹席杆崔婴伸扁缴损灯吭矣写缴剿释顿俩柿胎阐谎儡未走酗册郡胃舰瘁妓刊墒悍卫氮饺豪幢镰淋深客钙饺扳漳绅倒拙真胀厅钧仙窗驱贯姓委蛤岳缴尔先蛤藩枫税慈锤弱硷代蝶敝蔑川掩岛衅访构滋嫌宗晾秉孩毙即蓄寇玖转咬瘪蠕哺圣役顿峙蛋协秧擒召敲字榆冕束蓉途浴烬赦钡隐拇篷沪闷浴碘骇兜低栅嫌廖割仑锥坡凝翅齿蕾链虽兜突焉浦活耕桅商酋肋码坊滞次忱亲毅件巢卧数侧苇裕谤坝息耗彼悸缉鸣馆处洼酒刁姿绦娘譬铆鸡巷柳州忧棺铆镰梆宦欺丽彪室胀系让缺押软隋腻善自才袖鞋沏审修荷唐娶脂暮荤雇署瘁慧楔掠失牢婿劈蔓殴矮蹿榴搽揣昧落鳃炔殉直驮任稼途缓涨妖沁幅斑高二英语同步精品 必修5Unit 1Great scientists 一、重点词汇考点1【教材原句】John Snow defeats “king cholera”.约翰.诺斯战胜了“霍乱王”。defeat vt.战胜，打败；（使）受挫； n.失败；击败【例句研读】(1)They hoped to defeat the enemy at sea.他们希望在海上 _ 敌人。(2)I never consider the possibility of defeat. 我从未考虑有 _ 的可能性.【归纳拓展】defeat/beat的宾语都是某个人或某个集体 ( sb/ a team/ a class/ a school/ an army )。而win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，宾语多是game,match,race,election,prize.【即时巩固】(1) No difficulty could _ this brave man since he is so confident and capable.A. defeat B.attack C.win D.overcome(2) The local team _ the championship by _ all the other teams.考点2【教材原句】John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰.斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。ks5uks5uKs5u.Comattend v.照顾；护理；专心；注意 vt.出席；参加【例句研读】(1) There was no one to attend (to) him but Tina.除了缇娜，再无人 _ 他了。(2)Attend to your study and stop talking. _ 学习，不要说话。(3)Attend a meeting/ a lecture/ school _ 会议/ _ 讲座/ _ 学【归纳拓展】attend (to) sb照料/关怀某人attend to sth处理/专心于某事辨析join, attend, join in, take part in易混词(组)辨析例句join指加入某个组织或团体，如军队、团队、政党等I decided to join the army.我决定去参军。attend指参加会议或仪式，如参加婚礼、葬礼、典礼或上课、上学、听报告等I often attend meetings and sometimes I take part in/join in the discussion.我经常出席会议，有时参加会议的讨论。ks5uks5uKs5u.Comks5uks5uKs5uks5uks5uks5uKS5Uks5uks5uks5ujoin inks5uks5uks5uks5uks5uks5uks5uks5uks5u侧重指与某人一起做某事，结构为join (sb) in sth.ks5uks5uks5uKS5Uks5uks5uks5uks5uks5uks5uKS5Uks5uks5uks5uKS5Utake part in指参加一些大型的、正式的或有组织的活动，并起到重要作用【即时巩固】(1) When I got there, he was _ a wedding party.A. attending B.joining C.attending to D.joining in(2)Usually children are allowed to _ school when they are six years old.(3)The coach asked his assistant to _ to the large group of journalists waiting for him to announce his training plans.(4)When did your father _ the Party?(5)We cant wait to _ the game.(6)I didnt _ the meeting yesterday, or I would have _ the discussion.(7)Please _ us _our game.考点3【教材原句】But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光；使接触；使体验【归纳拓展】exposeto使暴露于；使遭受；使冒险be exposed to暴露于；接触【例句研读】(1)Dont expose babies to strong sunlight.不要让婴儿_。(2)Wounds that are exposed to the air heal more quickly.伤口 _ 在空气中愈合得更快。(3)Potatoes turn green when exposed to light.马铃薯 _ 会变绿。【即时巩固】(1) Children _ to difficult situations are better at handling those challenges.(2) _ to the sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin.(3) The water companies were instructed to keep the people from _ to the polluted water.考点4【教材原句】Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源，一步了解它的治疗方法。cure n.治愈；痊愈； v.治愈（某人）；解决（问题）【例句研读】(1) There is still no cure for AIDS.仍没有 _ 艾滋病的方法。(2)Many people believe that prison isnt a cure for crime.许多人认为监禁并不是 _ 犯罪的良方。(3)The doctor cured him of his illness.医生 _ 他的病。【归纳拓展】a cure for治愈cure sb of sth治好某人的病辨析cure与treat易混词辨析搭配一言辨异cure强调“结果”，即“治愈”cure sb of sthThe doctor treated her headache with a new medicine, but didnt cure her.医生用一种新药为她治头疼，但没有把她治好。treat强调“过程”，即“治疗”treat sb for sth宾语结构为sb of sth的常见动词有：warn sb of sth警告某人某事 rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某物inform sb of sth通知某人某事 rid sb of sth使某人摆脱某事 cure sb of sth治愈某人的某种疾病 convince sb of sth说服某人某事 cheat sb of sth欺骗某人某事accuse sb of sth指控某人某事 remind sb of sth使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事 suspect sb of sth怀疑某人做过某事【即时巩固】(1) Your son is naughty. Eh, and in addition, he has got into some bad habits. I think I should cure him _ them.(2) They havent found a cure _ cancer.考点5【教材原句】The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.第一种看法时霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。suggest v.暗示，表明；提议，建议【例句研读】(1) Her face suggests that shes bored.她的表情 _ 她厌烦了。(2) I suggest going in my car.我 _ 坐我的车去。(3) I suggest (that) we (should) go out to eat.我 _ 我们出去吃饭吧。【归纳拓展】(1)注意suggest的宾语从句既可以用虚拟语气，还可用陈述语气：suggest作“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”；作“表明”讲时，其宾语从句用陈述语气。表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后面接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形，这类动词主要有：一个坚持：insist 二道命令：order，command 三条建议：suggest，advise，propose 四点要求：demand，desire，request, require(2)suggest sth to sb/ suggest to sb sth表示“向某人建议某事”。suggest不能接双宾语。类似不能接双宾语的动词还有：explain（解释），announce（通知，宣布），report（报告，报道）等。(3)建议（某人）做某事：suggest（ones/one）doing sth【即时巩固】(1) Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination. (S94)A. be, should have B. was, have C. should be, had D. was, has(2) I insist that a doctor _ immediately.(M88)A. has been sent for B. sends for C. will be sent for D. be sent for考点6【教材原句】The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法时人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒带入体内。absorb v. 吸收；吸引，使专心，使全神贯注【例句研读】(1) The cream is easily absorbed into the skin.这种乳霜皮肤易 _ 。(2) The book absorbed her attention.这本书 _ 她的注意。(3) Yuan Longping is absorbed in his research.袁隆平 _ 他的水稻研究。【归纳拓展】英语中表示“全神贯注于/专注于”的短语有：put ones heart into, focus/concentrate on, be lost in, be deep in, devote oneself to【即时巩固】(1) _(专注于)his writing, the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.考点7【教材原句】John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.约翰.斯诺认为第二种看法时正确的，但他需要证据。suspect v.认为；怀疑； n.嫌疑犯【归纳拓展】suspect sb to be怀疑某人suspect sb of (doing) sth怀疑某人（做过）某事suspect that怀疑【例句研读】(1)I suspect him to be a pickpocket.=I suspect that he is a pickpocket.我 _ 他是个扒手。(2)The drug is suspected of causing over 200 deaths.人们 _ 这种药物造成200多人死亡。(3)The police took that suspect to the police station.警察把那个 _ 逮到了警察局。【即时巩固】(1) The man, suspected _ having stolen the jewels of the shop, was missing last night.(2) 如果发现了看起来像嫌疑犯的人，我直接的反应将是告诉警察。(2010湖北高考)If I find someone who looks like the _, my immediate reaction will be to tell the police.考点8【教材原句】It seemed that the water was to blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。blame vt.责备，谴责，把归咎于& n.过失；责备【归纳拓展】blame sb for (doing) sth因（做）某事责备某人blameon把归咎于 be to blame (for)（因）应受谴责，（因）应负责任（主动表被动）bear/ take the blame for 对负责put/ place/ lay the blame for sth on sb将某事归咎于某人【例句研读】(1) She doesnt blame anyone for her fathers death.她没把她父亲的死 _ 任何人。(2) The police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.警方把事故 _ 危险驾驶。(3) Which driver was to blame for the accident?哪个司机是此次事故的 _ ？(4) If that happens, the coach will take the blame for it.如果发生那样的事，教练将 _ 。(5) They placed the blame on the doctor.他们将责任 _ 这个医生。【即时巩固】(1) （2006安徽高考）Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _.A. blamed B.blaming C.to blame D.to be blamed考点9【教材原句】The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。instruct vt.命令；指示；教导【归纳拓展】instruct sb in sth教授某人某事instruct sb to do sth命令某人做某事as instructed按照指示instruction n.指示；命令（pl.）说明书；使用指南instructor n.教员，指导者 instructive adj. 有益的；有教育意义的【例句研读】(1)She instructed me in the use of the computer.她 _ 我使用电脑。(2) He instructed me to deliver it to a customer.他 _ 我把东西送给顾客。(3) She arrived at 10 as instructed.她 _ 10点钟达到。【即时巩固】(1) The college will need an additional teacher to _ the students in cooking.A. persuade B.request C.instruct D.expect(2)Dr Williams _.（教我们植物学）(3)She attended the meeting _.（按照指示）(4)_（遵照说明）on the packet carefully.二、 重点短语考点1put forward提出（意见、建议、观点等）；提前；把（时钟）往前拨；推荐，提名【教材原句】Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？【例句研读】(1)He put forward a constructive suggestion.他 _ 一条建设性的建议。(2)We have put the wedding forward by one week.我们已经把婚礼 _ 一周。(3)Remember to put your clocks forward tonight.记住今晚把时钟指针 _ 。(4)Can I put you forward as our club secretary?我 _ 我们俱乐部秘书好不好？【归纳拓展】put down放下；镇压；写下 put away收拾好；储存putin force使生效 putinto practice实施，实行put off推迟 put on穿上；上演；假装 put out扑灭；生产 put up举起；搭建；张贴；留住宿put up with容忍 put aside把撇开不理，不考虑【即时巩固】(1) Why is he feeling down today?Because the suggestion he _ has been turned down.A.put away B.put up C.put down D.put forward(2)Our sports meeting has been _ till next month because of the bad weather.(3)They _ a notice there, saying,“Keep off the grass.”(4)The fire was _ finally with the help of the firefighter.(5)How can you _ such a rude person for so long a time?(6)The students have _ a series of questions.考点2Draw a conclusion得出结论【归纳拓展】conclusion n.结论；结束arrive at/ come to/ reach/ draw a conclusion得出结论make a conclusion下结论；结束in conclusion总而言之 conclude v. 结束；推断出conclude (sth.) with用结束（某事）concludefrom从中推断出to conclude=in conclusion总之【例句研读】(1)From the evidence I must conclude that you are wrong.从证据看，我敢 _ 你错了。(2)The evening concluded with dinner and speeches.这个夜晚在宴会和讲话中 _ 。(3)What can we conclude from this debate?从这场辩论中我们能得出什么 _ ？(4)To conclude, it was a great success. _ ，这是个很大的成功。【即时巩固】(1) We _（得出结论）the room must be empty.(2) _ can we _(得出什么结论)from the passage?(3) _(总之，最后)，these days a college degree does not automatically lead to a good job with a high salary. (4) The speaker _ (用结束了他的演讲)a famous saying.考点3lead to 导致；引起；通往【教材原句】Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the center of the solar system.虽然他曾经试着不去理睬那些数字， 然而他所有的数学计算都得出一个结论：地球不是太阳系的中心。【例句研读】(1)Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.食用过多的糖会 _ 健康问题。(2)Excuse me, does this road lead to the railway station?劳驾，这条路 _ 火车站吗？【归纳拓展】“导致；引起”的表达：lead to; contribute to; bring about; cause; result in【即时巩固】(1) （2007浙江高考）We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only _ violence.A. runs into B.comes from C.leads to D.begins with考点4make sense讲得通；有意义（反义词组：make no sense）【教材原句】Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.【例句研读】(1) He doesnt talk much, but what he says makes sense.他话不多，但言之 _ 。(2)This sentence doesnt make any sense.=This sentence makes no sense.这个句子完全 _ 。(3)Can you make any sense of this article?你能 _ 这篇文章吗？(4)There is no sense in worrying about the past.为过去的事情担忧 _ 。(5)In no sense will he give up.他 _ 放弃。【归纳拓展】make sense of sth理解/明白某事in no sense决不There is no sense in dong sth做某事是没有道理/意义的。【即时巩固】(1) Dont say any more; we all believe the facts rather than your words. What you have explained doesnt make _.A. meaning B.use C.fun D.sense三、经典句型考点1“Only+状语”位于句首，句子或主句要用部分倒装语序【教材原句】Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。【句法分析】“Only+状语”位于句首，句子或主句要用倒装语序。【例句研读】(1)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 直到1918年战争结束后，他才能愉快地重新投身于工作。【归纳拓展】(1)only修饰的状语，如不位于句首，则不用倒装。 The aim will be achieved only after a bitter struggle. 只有经过艰苦的奋斗，目标才能达到。(2)only修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装。 Only when did he return did we find out the truth. () Only when he returned did we find out the truth.( )(3)only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。 Only can he answer the question. ()Only he can answer the question. ( )(4)辨析：易混词组辨析例句only if意为“只要，只有”，通常引导陈述语气的真实条件句Only if I get a job will I have enough money to by a new car.我只有找到了工作再有足够的钱买一辆新车。if only意为“但愿，要是就好了”，常引导虚拟语气的条件句、感叹句If only I had another chance.要是我再有一次机会就好了。【即时巩固】(1) （2013江西高考）Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _to him again.A. I will speak B.will I speak C.do I speak D.I speak(2) Only in this way _ progress in your English. (N84)A. you make B. can you make C. you be able to make D. will you able to make(3)It was announced that only when the fire was under control _ to return to their homes.A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permittedC. would the residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted(江西08)(4)Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _properly in this hospital.（2013全国）A. can be the patients treated B. can the patients be treatedC. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients考点2“介词+关系代词which/whom”引导定语从句【教材原句】Yet Copernicus theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built.然而，哥白尼的理论在现在却是我们的宇宙观赖以建立的基础。【句法分析】on whichbuilt为定语从句，修饰先行词the basis.【考点聚焦】“介词+关系代词which/whom”引导定语从句，主要考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择。【归纳拓展】该结构中介词的选择要遵从“一先，二动，三意义”的原则。“一先”即根据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定介词；“二动”即根据定语从句中动词的某种习惯搭配来确定介词；“三意义”即根据从句的意义来确定介词。注意：有时，为了表达需要，可以在关系副词when、where前加上介词from、to、until、since等。I came here in 1949, since when I have been engaged in this work.我1949年到这里,从那时起我就担任这项工作。He was standing by the window, from where he could see what was happening in the street. 他站在窗户边，从那儿他可以看到大街上所发生的事情。【例句研读】(1) I forgot the exact place in which I had hidden the box.我忘记了藏那个盒子的确切地方。(2) The teacher for whom you are waiting is coming.你等的那位老师来了。(3) The colourless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.这种五色的气体叫氧气，离开了它我们就不能生存。【即时巩固】(1) She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _ had taken more than three years. (江西2011) A. for which B. with which