高三英语选修8课时复习检测17.doc

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Unit 3　 Section Ⅱ

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2016·江苏卷改编）In Art criticism, you must assume that the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work.
解析：考查过去分词作宾补。句意：在艺术评论时，你必须确信艺术家在他的作品里隐藏着秘密的信息。have sth.done使……被……。

2.Look, the falling(fall) leaves are all yellow. Lots of fallen(fall) leaves make the road yellow.
解析：句意：看，正在往下掉的叶子都黄了；许多落叶使道路成了黄色。第一空现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的动作；第二空过去分词作定语，表示被动完成的动作。

3.I heard someone calling(call) me when I came in.
解析：句意：当我进来时，我听见有人在叫我。hear sb.doing听见某人在做某事，强调when从句发生那个时间点正在进行的动作。

4. I heard my name called(call) when I came in.
解析：句意：当我进来时，我听见有人在叫我。name与call之间是被动的关系，故called是过去分词作宾补。

5.When he got into heavy debts, he found himself abandoned(abandon) by all his former friends.
解析：句意：当他债务缠身时，他发现自己被以前的朋友遗弃了。abandoned是过去分词作宾补,表示himself与abandon之间是被动的关系。

6.While the other children are running around and playing, the girl just stays seated(seat) under a tree, playing(play) with sand.
解析：句意：当别的孩子四处跑动玩耍时，这名女孩坐在一棵树下玩沙子。stay seated 坐着，stay是连系动词seated过去分词作表语，表示坐的状态；playing是现在分词作伴随状语，表示动作由主语the girl发出。

7.It is true that books bought(buy) online are much cheaper.
解析：句意：的确，在线购买的书籍要便宜很多。bought是过去分词作定语，表示book与buy之间是被动的关系。

8.Have you ever seen a drama only made(make) up of three people, who play 10 different roles during the show？
解析：句意你看过这样一个戏剧吗？只有三个人组成，在演出中扮演十个不同的角色。made是过去分词作定语，表示drama与make up of 之间是被动的关系。
9.I don't like the black roof and want it painted(paint) white.
解析：句意：我不喜欢这个黑色屋顶，我想将它漆成白色。want sth.+done想要……被……。

10.With his eyes fixed(fix) on the photo, Peter thought of the enjoyable days spent in the country in his childhood.
解析：句意：眼睛盯着那张照片，彼德想起了他童年在农村度过的美好时光。with+宾语+done结构，作伴随状语，宾语eyes与fix之间是被动的关系。

Ⅱ.单句改错
1.If the machine goes wrong and you want to get itlocally, you will need a Service Manual.
解析：句意：如果那台机器坏了，你想在当地修理它的话，你就需要一本“维修手册”。get sth.repaired请人修理某东西。

2.It was cold and damp; the man pulled up his collar and put his hands to hisface.
解析：句意：天气寒冷潮湿；这名男子竖起衣领，将手放在他冻僵的脸上。frozen被冻僵的；freezing极冷的。

3.He gave the third warning several minutes later, but the demonstrators remainedthere.
解析：句意：几分钟后他发出第三次警告，但示威者仍然坐在那儿。remain seated仍然坐着,seated过去分词作表语，表示坐的状态。

4.If you want to make yourself, you are above all to respect others.
解析：句意：如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重别人。make oneself +过去分词“使自己被……”。

5.She reads the newspapers every day to keep herselfof the latest happenings in the world.
解析：句意：她每天读报，了解世界最新发生的事情。keep oneself informed of使自己了解……。

6.She was satisfied to see her children well taken care of in the nursery and there was aexpression on her face.
解析：句意：看到她的孩子们在托儿所受到很好的照顾，她很满意，脸上露出满意的表情。expression反映人的心理活动的名词，故常用过去分词来修饰。

7.Mr.White showed his students some old mapswere borrowed from the library.
解析：句意：怀特先生将他从图书馆借来的一些旧地图拿给他的学生看。分析句子成分，maps后面的部分是作定语,maps与borrow 之间是被动的关系，故borrowed相当于which/that were borrowed。

8.I amwith the result of the experiment.
解析：句意：我对试验结果很满意。be pleased with对……满意；pleasing令人满意的，修饰事物。

9.Leave thetrack occasionally and dive into the woods.
解析：句意：偶尔离开平路去寻求困境。the beaten track平路，固定搭配。

10.We saw the play being performed on TV yesterday.
解析：句意：昨天在电视上我们看见表演了这部戏剧。see sth.done看见某事物被……,根据yesterday，强调宾补的动作被动完成。see sth.being done看见……正在被……,强调宾补的动作正在进行且被动。

Ⅲ.阅读理解
Bad news sells.If it bleeds, it leads.No news is good news, and good news is no news.Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules.By tracking people's e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.
“The‘if it bleeds' rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania.“They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling.But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react.You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”
Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news.Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr.Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times' website.He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months.One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles.He found that science amazed Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.
Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad.They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad.The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr.Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”
语篇导读
本文是说明文，介绍在微信，网上跟帖以及面对面交流，好消息传得比较快。
1.What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?
A.News reports. B.Research papers.
C.Private emails. D.Daily conversations.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.可知选A。

2.What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?
A.They're socially inactive.
B.They're good at telling stories.
C.They're inconsiderate of others.
D.They're careful with their words.
解析：C 推理判断以及词义猜测题。这段前面提到“流血”消息会引起大众媒体的注意，而媒体不会在乎人们的感受；但你分享你的故事，你会在乎别人的感受，不做一个Debbie Downer，故选C。

3.Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr.Berger's research
A.Sports news. B.Science articles.
C.Personal accounts. D.Financial reviews.
解析：B 根据第三段One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than nonscience articles。故选B。

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide
B.Online News Attracts More People
C.Reading Habits Change with the Times
D.Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks
解析：D 标题归纳题。根据第一段以及文章全文可知，好消息比坏消息传得快。故选D。

Ⅳ.完形填空
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch 1 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children.The children of Nome would be 2 if it struck the town.Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 3 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town's 4 was already full of ice, so it couldn't come by ship.Cars and horses couldn't travel on the 5 roads.Jet airplanes and big trucks didn't exist yet.
6 January 26, Billy and three other children had died.Twenty more were 7 .Nome's town officials came up with a(n) 8 .They would have the medicine sent by 9 from Anchorage to Nenana.From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers—known as “mushers”—would 10 it to Nome in a relay(接力).
The race began on January 27.The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 11 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon's face was black from the extreme cold.
On January 31， a musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most 13 part of the journey.Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 14 ,and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 15 .He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹) to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 16 the trail again.The only hope was Balto,Kaasen's lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 17 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto began to 18 .He had found the trail.
At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs 19 in Nome.Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recovered.
Nome had been 20 .
语篇导读
本文是记叙文。北部阿拉斯加郊区得了一种传染病，非常偏远，药品很难送达到，那个地方天寒地冻，把港口、陆路都全部封闭了，就跟死亡赛跑。这篇文章出现了狗拉雪橇的人们，他们不远万里，不惧艰辛，给阿拉斯加的小镇雪中送炭。
1.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured
解析：A 医生检查出来小男孩Billy得病。故选A。

2.A.harmless B.helpless C.fearless D.careless
解析：B 如果这个事情没有得到控制，整个镇子将会是怎样？将会是孤立无援helpless。
3.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However
解析：D 好多孩子开始得病了，然而，距离我们最近的一个药品站很远。在这种情况下表示转折，故选D项。However然而。
4.A.airport B.station C.harbor D.border
解析：C 下文说了这个地方全都是冰，不能用船运送。故选C。 harbor 港口 。
5.A.narrow B.snowy C.busy D.dirty
解析：B 下文出现狗拉雪橇，暗示路上都被雪覆盖了，故选B。snowy大雪的。
6.A.From B.On C.By D.After
解析：C 下文出现 Billy and three other children had died。By+过去时间，到……时，作状语，句子谓语用过去完成时。On January 26作状语，句子谓语用过去时。故选C。
7.A.tired B.upset C.pale D.sick
解析：D 又有二十多个孩子病了。sick生病的。故选D。
8.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic
解析：A 官方在这种情况下，想出一个计划。故选A。plan计划。
9.A.air B.rail C.sea D.road
解析：B 从下文The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana 可知狗拉雪橇的人从火车上拿货物。 by rail 从铁路运输过来的。故选B。
10.A.carry B.return C.mail D.give
解析：A 通过狗拉雪橇的人，把药品怎么样运到这个城镇，是从城镇往回搬，还是让这些狗拉雪橇的人带着东西递送药。carry携带。
11.A.Though B.Since C.When D.If
解析：C 当第一个狗拉雪橇的人把药传给另外一个人，他的脸因为极度地寒冷而变黑了。When当……的时候。
12.A.enter B.move C.visit D.cross
解析：D On January 31在一月三十一日， 名叫Seppala狗拉雪橇的人要爬着过一层冰河。cross，穿过。故选D。
13.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish
解析：C 下文出现Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.说明这段路程很危险。故选C。　
14.A.escape B.bleed C.swim D.die
解析：D 上文提及If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.可知，他如果掉入冰冷的河里，会死去；这个城镇的孩子们也会死。故选D。die死去。
15.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination
解析：C 2月份一场非常大的暴风雪袭击了城镇，大块的雪把路挡住了。block the way把路挡住了。
16.A.find B.fix C.pass D.change
解析：A 当时条件极差，很难找到拉雪橇的痕迹。find找到。
17.A.pretending B.trying C.asking D.learning
解析：B 根据语境，Balto尝试嗅出其他狗的气味。trying试图，现在分词作伴随状语。

18.A.run B.leave C.bite D.play
解析：A 根据下文He had found the trail可知，Balto找到了雪橇的痕迹，于是开始奔跑。故选A。
19.A.gathered B.stayed C.camped D.arrived
解析：D 根据下文可知Kaasen和他的狗到达了Nome。arrive到达。
20.A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed
解析：B 药被安全送到，疾病得到控制，孩子们恢复了健康，Nome镇被救了。saved挽救，抢救。故选B。
Ⅴ.语法填空
The giant panda 1.is loved(love) by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists 2.recently(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very 3.caring/careful(care) mother.For 25 days,she never left her baby, not even to find something 4.to eat(eat)!She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural 5.enemies(enemy) that would try to eat the little panda.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.6.When/If it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.The mother continued to care for the young panda 7. for more than two years.By that time,the panda no longer needed 8. its (it) mother for food.However,it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.Then,after two and a half years, the mother 9. drove (drive) the young panda away.It was time for her to have a new baby, 10. and it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
1.解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句子主语为panda，与love之间是被动关系，且表示客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
2.解析：考查副词。副词修饰谓语动词。
3.解析：考查形容词。形容词修饰名词。caring关心他人的； careful谨慎的。
4.解析：考查不定式。find something to eat找到吃的东西，不定式作定语，修饰不定代词something。
5.解析：考查名词的数。根据语境可知，任何气味都能吸引想吃掉小熊猫的敌人。故此处用名词的复数。
6.解析：考查连词。当/如果熊猫宝宝哭泣，熊猫妈妈会摇晃，轻轻拍打它。
7.解析：考查介词。表示一段时间用介词for。
8.解析：考查代词。形容词性的代词修饰名词。
9.解析：考查时态。此处讲过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
10.解析：考查连词。and连接两个并列分句。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，

欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
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