it的用法和练习(带答案).doc

重点代词it的用法和练习（含答案）
(1)it用做人称代词的用法
it用作代词，意为“它”，既可以指人，也可以指物。it做人称代词，可以用来代替一个名词、短语、从句或句子，以避免他们在句中的重复。这是可以指提到过的，也可以指未提到的，在句中做主语、表语和宾语。
1)指事物，it可以知道除人以外的任何事物或动物。
I dropped my watch and it broke.我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。
2)指人，it主用用于指性别不明的婴儿或只听其声不见其人的人，如：
Is it a boy or a girl?是男孩还是女孩？
There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman.
“Listen. Someone is crying..” “Oh, it must be Mary.”
3） 代替某些代词。
代词it可以用于代替指示代词this, that以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等，如：
“What’s this?” “It’s a new machine”
(2)it用作非人称代词的用法
1)it用作非人称代词主要用来指时间、距离、价值、天气、气温及温度等自然现象。如
It’s too late to go there now.现在去那已经太迟了。
It rained all day yesterday.昨天下了一整天雨。
2)用于某些句型。
It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。
It’s to do sth. 是时候该做某事了。
It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。
It’s (about/high) time +that--从句。某人该做某事了。（从句谓语用过去式，有时候用should+动词原形）
It’s first(second)time +that--从句。某人第几次干某事。（从句谓语动词用现在完成时）
It’s +时间段+since从句。自从…以来有一段时间了
It’s +时间段+before 从句。过多长时间才…
(3)it用作形式主语的用法。
1)当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分做句子主语时，为保持句子的平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而句首使用形式主语it。如
It’s very important to remember this.
It’s hard work climbing mountains.
It’s unknown when he will come.
2)it用作形式主语的重要句型。
①It+be+adj.+for(of)sb to do sth. 某人做某事…
It is hard for him to make up his mind.他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing.她说那样的话，太愚蠢了。
提示：此句型中的介词of和for的区别是：of用于指某人的性格，属性，特征等。介词for表示对象，意为“对…来说”。
②It takes/took sb+时间段+to do sth.某人做某事花了…时间。
It took me two hours to finish my homework.
③It is up to sb to do sth.该由某人做某事了。
It’s up to you to make the choice.该由你来做选择了。
④It looks(seems,appears,happens,occurs) that (as if) …似乎…
It seems as though he didn’t recognize me.
(4)it用作形式宾语的用法。
1)当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且后面跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式（动名词或从句）”
I find it difficult to do the job well.
I think it best that you should stay here.
We think it no use complaining.
2)用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构：
①动词+it+that-从句
I think it (that) he will come on time.
②动词+it+when(if)-从句
We rally appreciate it when she offered to help.
③动词+prep.+it+that-从句
I can’t answer for it that he will come.我不能保证他会来。
④动词+it+介词短语+that-从句
I took it for granted that he would help us.
(5)it在强调句中的用法。
强调句的基本结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that(who)+其他部分。
It was a computer that he bought last week.
练习部分
1. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one
[解析] C.句中like为及物动词,后面需要跟宾语.而like之后不可直接接从句作宾语.it可用于某些动词(hate, appreciate…)和介词之后作笼统宾语.
2. He was nearly drowned once.
When was ?
was in 1998 when he was in middle school.
A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This
[解析]A. 第一空用that指代上文提到的事情; 第二空用it指代第一空的that
3. The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
[解析] B此处it指代前面出现的a new house. it指代上文提到的同一事物,为特指;而one通常指代同类事物中的某一个.
4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
[解析] D此处it用作人称代词,指不明身份,性别的人;宾语从句应用陈述语序.
5. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
A. this B. that C. there D. It
[解析] D此处it用作形式主语.
6. Mike’s mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but didn’t help.
A. he B. it C. she D. which
[解析] B此处it用以指代前面的句子,可用that替换.
7. Since you have repaired my computer, is no need for me to buy a new one.
A. it B. there C. this D. that
[解析] B考查固定句型 There is no need for sb to do sth
8. The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.
A. it B. this C. that D. him
[解析] A此处 it用作形式宾语.
9. Do you like here?
Oh, yes, the air, the weather and the way of life. Everything is so nice.
A. this B. there C. that D. it
[解析] D此处 it泛指自然环境.
10. Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising in TV is illegal, ?
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t he D. is he
[解析]A主语为 “ Bill’s aim”.
11. is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.
A. which B. As C. That D. It
[解析] B非限制性定语从句中, as /which均可指代整句话的内容,但 which只能放在主句后,译为 “这一点”; as则位置灵活,译为 “正如”.
12. It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.
A. because B. which C. since D. that
[解析] D考查强调句型.
13. It was back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go[解析] C考查not until结构强调句型.
14. Why! I have nothing to confess. You want me to say?
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that
[解析] A考查强调句型的特殊疑问句句式.
15. It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
[解析] B考查强调句型.被强调部分是not where you come from or what you are (but ) the ability to do the job.为了平衡结构,部分移至句尾
1. （据报道）a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.(report)
2. （据报道）, a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.(report)
3. （毫无疑问）he will be admitted to the key university.(doubt)
4. He has made some great movies. （这一点是毫无疑问的）.(doubt)
5. （没必要）for you to get up early tomorrow.(need)
6. （碰巧）I had been away when he called.(happen)
7. （看来）nobody knows what has happened.(seem)
8. （看起来似乎）it's going to rain.(look)
9. （很可能）the thieves don’t know how much it is worth.(likely)
10. （我也许可以）to leave a message for her.(possible)

1. It’s reported that 2. As is reported 3. There is no doubt that 4. There is no doubt about it 5. There is no need 6. It happened that 7. It seems that 8. It looks as if 9. It’s likely that 10.It’s possible for me

11. It’s no use （为打翻的牛奶而哭泣）.(cry)
12. （抱怨是毫无用处的）, they never listen.(use)
13. （难怪）you’ve achieved so much success.(wonder)
14. (很明确）most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.(certain)
15. （据说）the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment.(say)
16. The professor is said 已成功）in carrying out this experiment.(succeed)（比较句型15）
17. （感到遗憾）I haven’t been to the get-together.(pity)
18 （使之成为一种惯例）that I get up at six every day in the morning.(rule)
19. I （认为有必要）to take plenty of hot water every day.(think)
20. It’s high time that we （采取措施）to stop pollution.(take)

11. crying over spilt milk 12. It’s/There is no use complaining 13. It’s no wonder that
14. It’s certain that 15. It’s said that 16. to have succeeded 17. I feel it a pity that
18. I have made it a rule 19. think it (is) necessary 20. took/should take measures

21. （要花费她很长时间）to recover from the illness.(take)
22. This/It is the third time that I （看那部电影see）
23. It was the first time that she （到长城）.（be）
24. It is / has been two years （自从他出国）.（go）
25. （对你没什么差别）whether I like it or not，because you never listen to me.（make）
26. （用不了多久）before we know the result of the experiment.（be）
27. Measures have been taken to solve the problem，but （可能要过段时间）before the situation improves.（some）
28. （没关系）the weather was bad.（matter）
29. （是否要紧）whether we go together or separately?（matter）
30. （我突然想起）that he might have forgotten our date.（occur）

21. It will take her a long time 22. have seen the film 23. had been to the Great wall
24. since he went abroad 25. It makes no difference to you 26. It won’t be long
27. it may be some time 28. It didn’t matter that 29. Does it matter
30. It occurred to me

31. （可能性不大）he will change his mind.（chance）
32. （很可能）we will go to Beijing.（chance）
33. （似乎有）hundreds of people in the field；it was quite full.（seem）
34. 曾经有）a church at the corner of the street.（be）
35. She （阐明清楚）she had nothing to do with the decision.（make）
36. I （确定）everything is ready.（see）
37. What a pity my new computer doesn’t work. （一定有什么问题）with it.（wrong）
38. （结果）she was a friend of my sister.（turn）
39. Come and see me when （你方便的时候）.（convenient）
40. （没多大意义）complaining . It doesn’t make difference.（point）

31.There is little chance that
32. There is a good/high chance that/There are chances that/Chances are that 33. There seemed to be 34. There used to be
35. made it clear that 36. will see (to it) that
37. There must be something wrong 38. It turned out that
39. it’s convenient to/for you 40. There is not much point (in)